Definition: Mortification is the process where a patient's personal identity is replaced by one defined by the institution.

Example: The removal of personal clothing, lack of privacy, and enforced hospital routines demonstrate institutional mortification.

Highlight: Patients may respond to institutional labels through rebellion, institutionalization, or withdrawal.

Vocabulary: Institutionalisation refers to when patients accept their mentally ill label and become dependent on hospital environments.

Quote: "Our understanding of mentally ill will depend on how society defines normal behaviour."

Definition: Moral panic refers to the process of arousing social concern over an issue, typically initiated by moral entrepreneurs and involving the creation of folk devils.

Vocabulary: A moral entrepreneur represents individuals like teachers and politicians who determine what constitutes criminal or deviant behavior.

Example: Jock Young's 1979 study of Notting Hill police demonstrated how media stereotypes influenced law enforcement targeting of specific groups.

Highlight: Becker's fundamental assertion that social groups create deviance by establishing and applying rules that label certain individuals as outsiders.

Quote: "It's not the nature of the act that makes it deviant but the nature of society's reaction to it."