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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
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Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
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2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
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Physics
3 Dec 2025
63
4 pages
Ummi @ummi_.com
Ever wondered why you feel pushed back into your seat when a car speeds up, or why dropped... Show more
Think of acceleration as nature's way of changing how fast something moves. It's not just about speed though - acceleration measures how quickly velocity changes over time, and since velocity includes direction, acceleration is all about changes in both speed and direction.
What makes acceleration tricky is that it's a vector quantity. This means it has two parts how much change happens (measured in metres per second squared or m/s²) and which direction that change occurs. So when a car turns a corner at constant speed, it's still accelerating because the direction is changing!
There are two main types you'll encounter uniform acceleration (where velocity changes by the same amount every second) and non-uniform acceleration (where the rate of change varies). Most real-world examples involve non-uniform acceleration, but uniform acceleration is much easier to work with mathematically.
Quick Tip Remember that acceleration isn't just speeding up - slowing down and changing direction count too!
Before diving into calculations, you need to understand the building blocks. Velocity is the rate of change of displacement over time - basically how fast something moves in a particular direction. Don't confuse this with speed, which doesn't care about direction.
Displacement simply means the change in position of an object. If you walk 10 metres north, your displacement is 10 metres north, not just 10 metres. The direction matters enormously in physics calculations.
Force and mass are the dynamic duo that create acceleration. Force is any interaction that can change an object's motion - pushes, pulls, gravity, friction. Mass measures how much an object resists changes to its motion (called inertia). The heavier something is, the more force you need to accelerate it.
Remember These concepts work together - you can't fully understand acceleration without grasping how velocity, force, and mass interact.
For uniform acceleration, you've got three essential equations that'll solve nearly any problem. The first is v = u + at (final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration times time). This is your go-to for finding speeds after acceleration.
The second equation, s = ut + ½at², helps you calculate how far something travels during acceleration. The third, v² = u² + 2as, connects velocity and distance without needing time. Each equation is useful for different types of problems.
Real-world acceleration is everywhere! A car speeding up shows positive acceleration in the direction of travel. When it brakes, that's negative acceleration (deceleration) opposing the motion. A ball thrown upward experiences negative acceleration due to gravity, which is why it eventually stops rising and falls back down.
Pro Tip Choose your equation based on which variables you know and which one you're trying to find - this will save you loads of time in exams!
Newton's second law tells us exactly what affects acceleration, and it boils down to two main factors. Force has a direct relationship with acceleration - double the force, double the acceleration. This is why a Ferrari accelerates faster than a bicycle when both engines are working at full power.
Mass works in the opposite way. The more massive an object is, the smaller its acceleration for the same applied force. This is why it's much easier to push an empty shopping trolley than a full one - the mass makes all the difference.
Understanding this relationship helps explain everyday phenomena. Why do sports cars accelerate quickly? They have powerful engines (high force) and are relatively light (low mass). Why do lorries take ages to speed up? They have enormous mass compared to their engine power.
Key Insight Force and mass are constantly battling - more force means more acceleration, but more mass means less acceleration for the same force.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Ummi
@ummi_.com
Ever wondered why you feel pushed back into your seat when a car speeds up, or why dropped objects fall faster and faster? That's all down to acceleration - one of the most important concepts in physics that explains how... Show more
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Think of acceleration as nature's way of changing how fast something moves. It's not just about speed though - acceleration measures how quickly velocity changes over time, and since velocity includes direction, acceleration is all about changes in both speed and direction.
What makes acceleration tricky is that it's a vector quantity. This means it has two parts: how much change happens (measured in metres per second squared or m/s²) and which direction that change occurs. So when a car turns a corner at constant speed, it's still accelerating because the direction is changing!
There are two main types you'll encounter: uniform acceleration (where velocity changes by the same amount every second) and non-uniform acceleration (where the rate of change varies). Most real-world examples involve non-uniform acceleration, but uniform acceleration is much easier to work with mathematically.
Quick Tip: Remember that acceleration isn't just speeding up - slowing down and changing direction count too!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Before diving into calculations, you need to understand the building blocks. Velocity is the rate of change of displacement over time - basically how fast something moves in a particular direction. Don't confuse this with speed, which doesn't care about direction.
Displacement simply means the change in position of an object. If you walk 10 metres north, your displacement is 10 metres north, not just 10 metres. The direction matters enormously in physics calculations.
Force and mass are the dynamic duo that create acceleration. Force is any interaction that can change an object's motion - pushes, pulls, gravity, friction. Mass measures how much an object resists changes to its motion (called inertia). The heavier something is, the more force you need to accelerate it.
Remember: These concepts work together - you can't fully understand acceleration without grasping how velocity, force, and mass interact.
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
For uniform acceleration, you've got three essential equations that'll solve nearly any problem. The first is v = u + at (final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration times time). This is your go-to for finding speeds after acceleration.
The second equation, s = ut + ½at², helps you calculate how far something travels during acceleration. The third, v² = u² + 2as, connects velocity and distance without needing time. Each equation is useful for different types of problems.
Real-world acceleration is everywhere! A car speeding up shows positive acceleration in the direction of travel. When it brakes, that's negative acceleration (deceleration) opposing the motion. A ball thrown upward experiences negative acceleration due to gravity, which is why it eventually stops rising and falls back down.
Pro Tip: Choose your equation based on which variables you know and which one you're trying to find - this will save you loads of time in exams!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Newton's second law tells us exactly what affects acceleration, and it boils down to two main factors. Force has a direct relationship with acceleration - double the force, double the acceleration. This is why a Ferrari accelerates faster than a bicycle when both engines are working at full power.
Mass works in the opposite way. The more massive an object is, the smaller its acceleration for the same applied force. This is why it's much easier to push an empty shopping trolley than a full one - the mass makes all the difference.
Understanding this relationship helps explain everyday phenomena. Why do sports cars accelerate quickly? They have powerful engines (high force) and are relatively light (low mass). Why do lorries take ages to speed up? They have enormous mass compared to their engine power.
Key Insight: Force and mass are constantly battling - more force means more acceleration, but more mass means less acceleration for the same force.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology