Zemljevidi so naši najboljši prijatelji pri orientaciji v prostoru. Če... Show more
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Updated May 3, 2026
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Kako razbrati zemljevide: osnovni elementi in vrste
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Osnovni elementi zemljevida
Vsak uporaben zemljevid mora imeti pet ključnih sestavin, kot sestavine za popolno torto. Naslov zemljevida ti pove, kaj pravzaprav gledaš - ali je to morda načrt tvoje šole ali pa celotna Slovenija.
Legenda je tvoj prevajalec - razloži ti, kaj pomenijo vsi tisti čudni simboli in barve. Brez nje bi bil zemljevid kot knjiga v neznanem jeziku. Merilo ti pove, kako zelo je podoba pomanjšana v primerjavi z resničnostjo.
Smer neba te usmeri, da ne zaideš v napačno smer, medtem ko geografska mreža deluje kot naslovi za vsako točko na Zemlji. Ti elementi so temeljni gradniki vsakega dobrega zemljevida.
Nasvet: Če na zemljevidu ni označena smer neba, je sever vedno na vrhu!
Razumevanje merila
Merilo je morda najpomembnejši del zemljevida za praktično uporabo. Številčno merilo kot 1:50.000 pomeni, da je 1 cm na zemljevidu enak 50.000 cm (torej 500 m) v resnici.
Grafično merilo je preprosta daljica z označenimi razdaljami - samo izmeriš z ravnilom in prebereš rezultat. Pozor na razliko med velikim in malim merilom!
Veliko merilo (npr. 1:10.000) prikaže majhno območje z ogromno podrobnostmi, kot je načrt tvojega kraja. Malo merilo (npr. 1:1.000.000) pokrije ogromno področje, vendar z malo podrobnostmi, kot zemljevid cele Evrope.
Pomembno: Pri merilu velja pravilo - manjša številka za dvopičjem pomeni večje merilo in obratno!
Legenda in kartografski znaki
Kartografski znaki so jezik zemljevidov, legenda pa je tvoj slovar za ta jezik. Znaki se delijo na tri glavne skupine, ki jih lahko hitro prepoznaš.
Točkovni znaki označujejo mesta, letališča in druge objekte na določeni lokaciji. Črtni znaki prikazujejo vse, kar se vleče po pokrajini - ceste, železnice, reke. Ploščinski znaki pokrivajo večja območja z barvami za gozdove, jezera ali mesta.
Barve imajo svoje univerzalne pomene: modra predstavlja vodo, zelena nižine in gozdove, rjava hribovja (temnejša barva pomeni večjo višino). Rdeča in črna barva označujeta prometnice, meje in naselja.
Glavne smeri neba so sever, jug, vzhod in zahod, stranske pa so kombinacije glavnih smeri, kot sta severovzhod ali jugozahod.
Koristno: Zapomni si "SVJZ" kot osnovne smeri neba po urinih kazalcih!
Vrste zemljevidov
Fizični zemljevidi so kot fotografije pokrajine iz vesolja - prikazujejo gore, ravnine, reke in rastlinstvo z barvno lestvico za višine. Politični zemljevidi se osredotočajo na človeško organizacijo prostora z mejami, državami in mesti.
Splošni zemljevidi kombinirajo različne elemente hkrati, kar jih naredi uporabne za splošno orientacijo. Tematski zemljevidi pa so specialisti - vsak prikazuje samo eno konkretno temo.
Primeri tematskih zemljevidov vključujejo avtokarte za načrtovanje potovanj, turistične karte z znamenitostmi ali vremenske karte za napovedovanje. Vsak tip zemljevida služi določenemu namenu.
Praktično: Izberi pravi tip zemljevida glede na to, kaj potrebuješ - za izlet fizični, za pot avtokarto!
Praktično računanje in uporaba
Računanje razdalj z merilom je preprosto, če slediš korakom. Najprej izmeriš razdaljo na zemljevidu, nato jo pomnoži z merilom in končno pretvoriš enote iz centimetrov v kilometre.
Pri primeru z merilom 1:200.000 in razdaljo 22 cm na zemljevidu dobiš 4.400.000 cm v naravi, kar je 44 km. Ključ je pravilno pretvarjanje: iz centimetrov v metre deliš s 100, iz metrov v kilometre pa še enkrat s 1000.
Legenda ti v praksi omogoča razumevanje simbolov - če vidiš rdečo prekinjeno črto z oznako "zahtevna pot", veš, da se pripravi na naporen pohod. Brez legende bi bili vsi simboli skrivnostni.
Za uspešen test si zapomni razliko med velikim in malim merilom, vedno najprej preveri naslov in legendo ter pazi na pretvarjanje enot pri računanju razdalj.
Za test: Fizični zemljevid = narava (gore, reke), politični zemljevid = meje in naselja!
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Kako razbrati zemljevide: osnovni elementi in vrste
Zemljevidi so naši najboljši prijatelji pri orientaciji v prostoru. Če se želiš naučiti brati in razumeti zemljevide kot pravi raziskovalec, si na pravi poti!
Osnovni elementi zemljevida
Vsak uporaben zemljevid mora imeti pet ključnih sestavin, kot sestavine za popolno torto. Naslov zemljevida ti pove, kaj pravzaprav gledaš - ali je to morda načrt tvoje šole ali pa celotna Slovenija.
Legenda je tvoj prevajalec - razloži ti, kaj pomenijo vsi tisti čudni simboli in barve. Brez nje bi bil zemljevid kot knjiga v neznanem jeziku. Merilo ti pove, kako zelo je podoba pomanjšana v primerjavi z resničnostjo.
Smer neba te usmeri, da ne zaideš v napačno smer, medtem ko geografska mreža deluje kot naslovi za vsako točko na Zemlji. Ti elementi so temeljni gradniki vsakega dobrega zemljevida.
Nasvet: Če na zemljevidu ni označena smer neba, je sever vedno na vrhu!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Razumevanje merila
Merilo je morda najpomembnejši del zemljevida za praktično uporabo. Številčno merilo kot 1:50.000 pomeni, da je 1 cm na zemljevidu enak 50.000 cm (torej 500 m) v resnici.
Grafično merilo je preprosta daljica z označenimi razdaljami - samo izmeriš z ravnilom in prebereš rezultat. Pozor na razliko med velikim in malim merilom!
Veliko merilo (npr. 1:10.000) prikaže majhno območje z ogromno podrobnostmi, kot je načrt tvojega kraja. Malo merilo (npr. 1:1.000.000) pokrije ogromno področje, vendar z malo podrobnostmi, kot zemljevid cele Evrope.
Pomembno: Pri merilu velja pravilo - manjša številka za dvopičjem pomeni večje merilo in obratno!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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Legenda in kartografski znaki
Kartografski znaki so jezik zemljevidov, legenda pa je tvoj slovar za ta jezik. Znaki se delijo na tri glavne skupine, ki jih lahko hitro prepoznaš.
Točkovni znaki označujejo mesta, letališča in druge objekte na določeni lokaciji. Črtni znaki prikazujejo vse, kar se vleče po pokrajini - ceste, železnice, reke. Ploščinski znaki pokrivajo večja območja z barvami za gozdove, jezera ali mesta.
Barve imajo svoje univerzalne pomene: modra predstavlja vodo, zelena nižine in gozdove, rjava hribovja (temnejša barva pomeni večjo višino). Rdeča in črna barva označujeta prometnice, meje in naselja.
Glavne smeri neba so sever, jug, vzhod in zahod, stranske pa so kombinacije glavnih smeri, kot sta severovzhod ali jugozahod.
Koristno: Zapomni si "SVJZ" kot osnovne smeri neba po urinih kazalcih!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Vrste zemljevidov
Fizični zemljevidi so kot fotografije pokrajine iz vesolja - prikazujejo gore, ravnine, reke in rastlinstvo z barvno lestvico za višine. Politični zemljevidi se osredotočajo na človeško organizacijo prostora z mejami, državami in mesti.
Splošni zemljevidi kombinirajo različne elemente hkrati, kar jih naredi uporabne za splošno orientacijo. Tematski zemljevidi pa so specialisti - vsak prikazuje samo eno konkretno temo.
Primeri tematskih zemljevidov vključujejo avtokarte za načrtovanje potovanj, turistične karte z znamenitostmi ali vremenske karte za napovedovanje. Vsak tip zemljevida služi določenemu namenu.
Praktično: Izberi pravi tip zemljevida glede na to, kaj potrebuješ - za izlet fizični, za pot avtokarto!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktično računanje in uporaba
Računanje razdalj z merilom je preprosto, če slediš korakom. Najprej izmeriš razdaljo na zemljevidu, nato jo pomnoži z merilom in končno pretvoriš enote iz centimetrov v kilometre.
Pri primeru z merilom 1:200.000 in razdaljo 22 cm na zemljevidu dobiš 4.400.000 cm v naravi, kar je 44 km. Ključ je pravilno pretvarjanje: iz centimetrov v metre deliš s 100, iz metrov v kilometre pa še enkrat s 1000.
Legenda ti v praksi omogoča razumevanje simbolov - če vidiš rdečo prekinjeno črto z oznako "zahtevna pot", veš, da se pripravi na naporen pohod. Brez legende bi bili vsi simboli skrivnostni.
Za uspešen test si zapomni razliko med velikim in malim merilom, vedno najprej preveri naslov in legendo ter pazi na pretvarjanje enot pri računanju razdalj.
Za test: Fizični zemljevid = narava (gore, reke), politični zemljevid = meje in naselja!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user