Zemljevidi so naši najboljši prijatelji pri orientaciji in razumevanju sveta... Show more
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Updated Apr 18, 2026
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Vse o Zemljevidih in Kartografiji
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Uvod v zemljevid in kartografijo
Zakaj so zemljevidi sploh pomembni? Predstavljaj si, da bi moral načrtovati izlet brez zemljevida - praktično nemogoče! Zemljevid je pomanjšana in posplošena predstavitev Zemljinega površja na ravni podlagi. Kartografija pa je veda in veščina izdelovanja zemljevidov.
Vsak zemljevid ima svoje ključne elemente, ki jih moraš poznati. Merilo zemljevida ti pove, kolikokrat je prikaz pomanjšan v primerjavi z resničnostjo. Legenda je tvoj ključ za branje - brez nje si kot turist brez vodiča!
Kartografski znaki so dogovorjeni simboli (točke, črte, barvne ploskve), s katerimi prikazujemo objekte iz resničnega sveta. Geografska mreža pa ti omogoča, da natančno določiš lego katere koli točke na Zemlji.
💡 Nasvet: Preden začneš uporabljati zemljevid, si vedno vzemi minuto in preuči legendo - prihranil si boš veliko zmede!
Merilo in vrste zemljevidov
Merilo je eden najpomembnejših elementov zemljevida. Poznamo tri vrste: numerično (npr. 1:50.000), grafično (daljica z razdelitvijo) in opisno (povedano z besedami).
Tu je ključna stvar, ki jo pogosto zamenjamo: veliko merilo (npr. 1:10.000) prikazuje majhno območje z veliko podrobnostmi. Malo merilo (npr. 1:1.000.000) pa prikazuje veliko območje z malo podrobnostmi.
Zemljevide delimo glede na vsebino na splošnogeografske (fizični in politični) in tematske (prikazujejo specifične pojave). Fizični zemljevidi prikazujejo naravne oblike površja, politični pa države in meje, tematski pa se osredotočajo na določen pojav.
💡 Pomni: Splošno pravilo - 1:100.000 pomeni, da je 1 cm na zemljevidu enak 1 km v naravi!
Kartografski znaki in geografska mreža
Kartografski znaki so jezik zemljevidov. Delimo jih na tri vrste: točkovni znaki (predstavljajo objekte kot so mesta, vrhovi), črtni znaki (ceste, reke, meje) in ploščinski znaki (gozdovi, jezera, države).
Geografska mreža je sistem namišljenih črt, ki omogoča natančno določanje lege. Sestavljata jo vzporedniki in poldnevniki. Vzporedniki potekajo vzporedno z ekvatorjem (0°) in določajo geografsko širino.
Poldnevniki potekajo od severnega do južnega tečaja. Začetni poldnevnik poteka skozi Greenwich v Londonu (0°) in določa geografsko dolžino. Slovenija leži na severni in vzhodni polobli.
💡 Pomembno: Pri koordinatah vedno najprej navedeš geografsko širino , šele nato geografsko dolžino .
Praktične vaje z merilom
Računanje razdalje je ena najpogostejših nalog. Če imaš zemljevid z merilom 1:25.000 in izmerišš razdaljo 6 cm, kako izračunaš dejansko razdaljo?
Postopek: 6 cm × 25.000 = 150.000 cm. To pretvoriš v metre in nato v kilometre .
Pri določevanju koordinat išči mesto na zemljevidu, nato poišči najbližji vzporednik za geografsko širino in najbližji poldnevnik za geografsko dolžino. Primer: Ljubljana leži približno na 46° N, 14° E.
💡 Trik: Za lažje računanje si zapomni - merilo 1:100.000 pomeni, da 1 cm na karti predstavlja 1 km v naravi.
Nasveti za uspeh pri testih
Pazljivo z merilom - to je najpogostejša napaka! VELIKO merilo = MAJHNO območje z VELIKO podrobnostmi. MALO merilo = VELIKO območje z MALO podrobnostmi.
Pri računanju razdalj pazi na pretvarjanje enot (cm → m → km). Metodično pristopi korak za korakom in ne hitaj. Pri določevanju koordinat vedno najprej povej geografsko širino, šele nato dolžino.
Vedno si vzemi čas za preučitev legende - brez nje ne moreš pravilno brati zemljevida. To je kot da bi brasal knjigo v neznanem jeziku!
💡 Zlato pravilo: Preden začneš reševati nalogo, si vedno najprej oglej legendo in merilo zemljevida.
Hiter povzetek za ponavljanje
Ključni pojmi: Zemljevid je pomanjšana predstavitev Zemljinega površja. Kartografija je veda o izdelovanju zemljevidov. Bistveni elementi vsakega zemljevida so naslov, merilo, legenda, orientacija in geografska mreža.
Geografska mreža sestoji iz vzporednikov in poldnevnikov .
Merilo pove razmerje med zemljevidom in naravo - lahko je numerično, grafično ali opisno. Legenda je tvoj ključ za razumevanje kartografskih znakov.
💡 Za test: Zapomni si razliko med velikim in malim merilom ter vedno preveri legendo!
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Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Vse o Zemljevidih in Kartografiji
Zemljevidi so naši najboljši prijatelji pri orientaciji in razumevanju sveta okoli nas. Kartografija je veda, ki nam omogoča, da celotno Zemljino površje predstavimo na ravni podlagi.
Uvod v zemljevid in kartografijo
Zakaj so zemljevidi sploh pomembni? Predstavljaj si, da bi moral načrtovati izlet brez zemljevida - praktično nemogoče! Zemljevid je pomanjšana in posplošena predstavitev Zemljinega površja na ravni podlagi. Kartografija pa je veda in veščina izdelovanja zemljevidov.
Vsak zemljevid ima svoje ključne elemente, ki jih moraš poznati. Merilo zemljevida ti pove, kolikokrat je prikaz pomanjšan v primerjavi z resničnostjo. Legenda je tvoj ključ za branje - brez nje si kot turist brez vodiča!
Kartografski znaki so dogovorjeni simboli (točke, črte, barvne ploskve), s katerimi prikazujemo objekte iz resničnega sveta. Geografska mreža pa ti omogoča, da natančno določiš lego katere koli točke na Zemlji.
💡 Nasvet: Preden začneš uporabljati zemljevid, si vedno vzemi minuto in preuči legendo - prihranil si boš veliko zmede!
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Merilo in vrste zemljevidov
Merilo je eden najpomembnejših elementov zemljevida. Poznamo tri vrste: numerično (npr. 1:50.000), grafično (daljica z razdelitvijo) in opisno (povedano z besedami).
Tu je ključna stvar, ki jo pogosto zamenjamo: veliko merilo (npr. 1:10.000) prikazuje majhno območje z veliko podrobnostmi. Malo merilo (npr. 1:1.000.000) pa prikazuje veliko območje z malo podrobnostmi.
Zemljevide delimo glede na vsebino na splošnogeografske (fizični in politični) in tematske (prikazujejo specifične pojave). Fizični zemljevidi prikazujejo naravne oblike površja, politični pa države in meje, tematski pa se osredotočajo na določen pojav.
💡 Pomni: Splošno pravilo - 1:100.000 pomeni, da je 1 cm na zemljevidu enak 1 km v naravi!
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Kartografski znaki in geografska mreža
Kartografski znaki so jezik zemljevidov. Delimo jih na tri vrste: točkovni znaki (predstavljajo objekte kot so mesta, vrhovi), črtni znaki (ceste, reke, meje) in ploščinski znaki (gozdovi, jezera, države).
Geografska mreža je sistem namišljenih črt, ki omogoča natančno določanje lege. Sestavljata jo vzporedniki in poldnevniki. Vzporedniki potekajo vzporedno z ekvatorjem (0°) in določajo geografsko širino.
Poldnevniki potekajo od severnega do južnega tečaja. Začetni poldnevnik poteka skozi Greenwich v Londonu (0°) in določa geografsko dolžino. Slovenija leži na severni in vzhodni polobli.
💡 Pomembno: Pri koordinatah vedno najprej navedeš geografsko širino , šele nato geografsko dolžino .
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Praktične vaje z merilom
Računanje razdalje je ena najpogostejših nalog. Če imaš zemljevid z merilom 1:25.000 in izmerišš razdaljo 6 cm, kako izračunaš dejansko razdaljo?
Postopek: 6 cm × 25.000 = 150.000 cm. To pretvoriš v metre in nato v kilometre .
Pri določevanju koordinat išči mesto na zemljevidu, nato poišči najbližji vzporednik za geografsko širino in najbližji poldnevnik za geografsko dolžino. Primer: Ljubljana leži približno na 46° N, 14° E.
💡 Trik: Za lažje računanje si zapomni - merilo 1:100.000 pomeni, da 1 cm na karti predstavlja 1 km v naravi.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
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Nasveti za uspeh pri testih
Pazljivo z merilom - to je najpogostejša napaka! VELIKO merilo = MAJHNO območje z VELIKO podrobnostmi. MALO merilo = VELIKO območje z MALO podrobnostmi.
Pri računanju razdalj pazi na pretvarjanje enot (cm → m → km). Metodično pristopi korak za korakom in ne hitaj. Pri določevanju koordinat vedno najprej povej geografsko širino, šele nato dolžino.
Vedno si vzemi čas za preučitev legende - brez nje ne moreš pravilno brati zemljevida. To je kot da bi brasal knjigo v neznanem jeziku!
💡 Zlato pravilo: Preden začneš reševati nalogo, si vedno najprej oglej legendo in merilo zemljevida.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Hiter povzetek za ponavljanje
Ključni pojmi: Zemljevid je pomanjšana predstavitev Zemljinega površja. Kartografija je veda o izdelovanju zemljevidov. Bistveni elementi vsakega zemljevida so naslov, merilo, legenda, orientacija in geografska mreža.
Geografska mreža sestoji iz vzporednikov in poldnevnikov .
Merilo pove razmerje med zemljevidom in naravo - lahko je numerično, grafično ali opisno. Legenda je tvoj ključ za razumevanje kartografskih znakov.
💡 Za test: Zapomni si razliko med velikim in malim merilom ter vedno preveri legendo!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user