Številka prebivalcev na svetu se vsako leto poveča za več... Show more
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Updated Apr 11, 2026
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Raziskovanje rasti prebivalstva in vpliv migracij
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Osnove rasti prebivalstva in migracij
Predmet geografije te uči o dveh mega pomembnih stvareh: kako narašča število ljudi in zakaj se selijo po svetu. To vpliva na vse - od cen stanovanj v Ljubljani do novic, ki jih gledaš na TV.
Prebivalstvo pomeni vse ljudi na določenem območju, gostota poselitve pa pove, koliko jih živi na kvadratni kilometer. Če imaš 100 ljudi na km², je to precej gosto!
Rodnost (nataliteta) pove, koliko otrok se rodi na 1000 prebivalcev letno, smrtnost (mortaliteta) pa, koliko jih umre. Naravni prirast je preprosto: rodnost minus smrtnost. Če je pozitiven, vas je več, če negativen, vas je manj.
Hitro zapomniti: Imigrant = IN (v državo), Emigrant = Exit (iz države)
Pri migracijah ločuješ med imigrantom (priseljenec) in emigrantom (izseljenec). Begunec beži pred vojno ali preganjanjem, ekonomski migrant pa išče boljšo službo.
Svetovna populacijska eksplozija
Pred 200 leti je na svetu živela 1 milijarda ljudi, danes nas je že čez 8 milijard! To ni naključje - zgodila se je populacijska eksplozija.
Glavni razlog? Napredek v medicini, cepiva in boljša prehrana so močno znižali smrtnost, rodnost pa je v mnogih državah ostala visoka. Rezultat: enormno hitro naraščanje prebivalstva.
Vendar pozor - rast ni povsod enaka! V Afriki in delih Azije prebivalstvo bočni, v Evropi in Japonski pa stagnira ali celo upada.
Ključno za izpit: Model demografskega prehoda ima 5 faz - vsaka opisuje, kako se spreminjata rodnost in smrtnost!
Model demografskega prehoda razloži to z 5 fazami: 1. faza (visoka rodnost in smrtnost), 2. faza (pade smrtnost), 3. faza (pade rodnost), 4. faza (nizka rast), 5. faza (prebivalstvo upada). Slovenija je med 4. in 5. fazo.
Faze demografskega prehoda v praksi
1. faza (predindustrijska): Visoka rodnost, visoka smrtnost. Veliko otrok se rodi, vendar jih veliko tudi umre. Danes skoraj nobene države ni več tu.
2. faza (zgodnja): Smrtnost hitro pade, rodnost ostaja visoka. Posledica? Populacijska eksplozija! Primer: Nigerija, Afganistan.
3. faza (pozna): Rodnost začne padati. Ženske se izobražujejo, ljudje se selijo v mesta, načrtujejo manjše družine. Primer: Brazilija, Indija.
Test opomnik: Zapomniti moraš vse faze in jih znati razložiti s primeri držav!
4. faza (postindustrijska): Nizka rodnost in smrtnost. Prebivalstvo skoraj ne raste več. Primer: Slovenija, ZDA, Francija.
5. faza (upadanje): Smrtnost postane višja od rodnosti, prebivalstvo se zmanjšuje in stara. Primer: Japonska, Nemčija.
Zakaj se ljudje selijo?
Migracije niso naključne - vedno imajo vzrok! Razloge deli na odbijajoče faktorje (push) in privlačne faktorje (pull).
Push faktorji te "odrinejo": vojna, brezposelnost, revščina, naravne nesreče, politično preganjanje. Pull faktorji te "pritegnejo": mir, boljše službe, višje plače, politična svoboda, kakovostno zdravstvo.
Glede na prostor ločuješ notranje migracije (znotraj države) in mednarodne migracije (čez meje). Glede na vzrok pa prostovoljne (ekonomski migranti) in prisilne (begunci).
Ključna razlika za izpit: Begunec BEŽI pred nevarnostjo, ekonomski migrant IŠČE boljše življenje!
Primeri iz življenja: Sirski begunci bežijo pred vojno (prisilna migracija), Poljaki pa iščejo boljše službe v Nemčiji (prostovoljna migracija).
Slovenija in migracije danes
Slovenija je v 4. fazi demografskega prehoda, vendar se bliža 5. fazi. Imamo nizko rodnost, nizek naravni prirast (včasih negativen) in staranje prebivalstva.
Smo imigracijska država - več ljudi se k nam priseli, kot se izseli. Večina priseljencev prihaja iz držav nekdanje Jugoslavije (Bosna, Srbija, Kosovo) in so predvsem ekonomski migranti.
Posledice migracij so dvorezne. Za ciljno državo: plus je cenejša delovna sila in kulturna obogatitev, minus pa problemi z integracijo. Za izvorno državo: plus so denar od migrantov, minus pa "beg možganov".
Hitro za test: Demografski prehod (5 faz), push/pull faktorji, begunci vs. ekonomski migranti, Slovenija = 4./5. faza!
Za izpit obvezno znaš: razložiti model demografskega prehoda, razlikovati med push/pull faktorji, ločiti begunce od ekonomskih migrantov in opisati slovensko demografsko situacijo.
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Raziskovanje rasti prebivalstva in vpliv migracij
Številka prebivalcev na svetu se vsako leto poveča za več kot 70 milijonov ljudi! Istočasno se milijoni ljudi vsak dan selijo iz svojih domov v nova mesta ali celo države. Razumevanje rasti prebivalstva in migracij ti pomaga razložiti, zakaj se... Show more
Osnove rasti prebivalstva in migracij
Predmet geografije te uči o dveh mega pomembnih stvareh: kako narašča število ljudi in zakaj se selijo po svetu. To vpliva na vse - od cen stanovanj v Ljubljani do novic, ki jih gledaš na TV.
Prebivalstvo pomeni vse ljudi na določenem območju, gostota poselitve pa pove, koliko jih živi na kvadratni kilometer. Če imaš 100 ljudi na km², je to precej gosto!
Rodnost (nataliteta) pove, koliko otrok se rodi na 1000 prebivalcev letno, smrtnost (mortaliteta) pa, koliko jih umre. Naravni prirast je preprosto: rodnost minus smrtnost. Če je pozitiven, vas je več, če negativen, vas je manj.
Hitro zapomniti: Imigrant = IN (v državo), Emigrant = Exit (iz države)
Pri migracijah ločuješ med imigrantom (priseljenec) in emigrantom (izseljenec). Begunec beži pred vojno ali preganjanjem, ekonomski migrant pa išče boljšo službo.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Svetovna populacijska eksplozija
Pred 200 leti je na svetu živela 1 milijarda ljudi, danes nas je že čez 8 milijard! To ni naključje - zgodila se je populacijska eksplozija.
Glavni razlog? Napredek v medicini, cepiva in boljša prehrana so močno znižali smrtnost, rodnost pa je v mnogih državah ostala visoka. Rezultat: enormno hitro naraščanje prebivalstva.
Vendar pozor - rast ni povsod enaka! V Afriki in delih Azije prebivalstvo bočni, v Evropi in Japonski pa stagnira ali celo upada.
Ključno za izpit: Model demografskega prehoda ima 5 faz - vsaka opisuje, kako se spreminjata rodnost in smrtnost!
Model demografskega prehoda razloži to z 5 fazami: 1. faza (visoka rodnost in smrtnost), 2. faza (pade smrtnost), 3. faza (pade rodnost), 4. faza (nizka rast), 5. faza (prebivalstvo upada). Slovenija je med 4. in 5. fazo.
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Faze demografskega prehoda v praksi
1. faza (predindustrijska): Visoka rodnost, visoka smrtnost. Veliko otrok se rodi, vendar jih veliko tudi umre. Danes skoraj nobene države ni več tu.
2. faza (zgodnja): Smrtnost hitro pade, rodnost ostaja visoka. Posledica? Populacijska eksplozija! Primer: Nigerija, Afganistan.
3. faza (pozna): Rodnost začne padati. Ženske se izobražujejo, ljudje se selijo v mesta, načrtujejo manjše družine. Primer: Brazilija, Indija.
Test opomnik: Zapomniti moraš vse faze in jih znati razložiti s primeri držav!
4. faza (postindustrijska): Nizka rodnost in smrtnost. Prebivalstvo skoraj ne raste več. Primer: Slovenija, ZDA, Francija.
5. faza (upadanje): Smrtnost postane višja od rodnosti, prebivalstvo se zmanjšuje in stara. Primer: Japonska, Nemčija.
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Zakaj se ljudje selijo?
Migracije niso naključne - vedno imajo vzrok! Razloge deli na odbijajoče faktorje (push) in privlačne faktorje (pull).
Push faktorji te "odrinejo": vojna, brezposelnost, revščina, naravne nesreče, politično preganjanje. Pull faktorji te "pritegnejo": mir, boljše službe, višje plače, politična svoboda, kakovostno zdravstvo.
Glede na prostor ločuješ notranje migracije (znotraj države) in mednarodne migracije (čez meje). Glede na vzrok pa prostovoljne (ekonomski migranti) in prisilne (begunci).
Ključna razlika za izpit: Begunec BEŽI pred nevarnostjo, ekonomski migrant IŠČE boljše življenje!
Primeri iz življenja: Sirski begunci bežijo pred vojno (prisilna migracija), Poljaki pa iščejo boljše službe v Nemčiji (prostovoljna migracija).
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Slovenija in migracije danes
Slovenija je v 4. fazi demografskega prehoda, vendar se bliža 5. fazi. Imamo nizko rodnost, nizek naravni prirast (včasih negativen) in staranje prebivalstva.
Smo imigracijska država - več ljudi se k nam priseli, kot se izseli. Večina priseljencev prihaja iz držav nekdanje Jugoslavije (Bosna, Srbija, Kosovo) in so predvsem ekonomski migranti.
Posledice migracij so dvorezne. Za ciljno državo: plus je cenejša delovna sila in kulturna obogatitev, minus pa problemi z integracijo. Za izvorno državo: plus so denar od migrantov, minus pa "beg možganov".
Hitro za test: Demografski prehod (5 faz), push/pull faktorji, begunci vs. ekonomski migranti, Slovenija = 4./5. faza!
Za izpit obvezno znaš: razložiti model demografskega prehoda, razlikovati med push/pull faktorji, ločiti begunce od ekonomskih migrantov in opisati slovensko demografsko situacijo.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user