Gasni zakoni su kao "pravila ponašanja" za gasove - objašnjavaju... Show more
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Updated Apr 14, 2026
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Gasni zakoni su kao "pravila ponašanja" za gasove - objašnjavaju... Show more









Zamisli gas kao gomilu sitnih loptičica koje se kreću po sudu - to je idealan gas. U stvarnosti gasovi nisu baš takvi, ali na visokim temperaturama i niskim pritiscima se ponašaju slično, što nam omogućava da ih lakše proučavamo.
Stanje bilo kog gasa opisuju tri parametra stanja: pritisak (p), zapremina (V) i temperatura (T). Pritisak je sila kojom gas "gura" zidove suda, zapremina je prostor koji zauzima, a temperatura pokazuje koliko se brzo kreću čestice gasa.
Apsolutno najvažnije: temperatura se uvek koristi u Kelvinima! Formula je T(K) = t(°C) + 273. Ovo je najčešća greška na testovima, pa zapamti dobro.
💡 Zapamti: Svi gasni zakoni rade samo sa temperaturom u Kelvinima - Celzijusi će ti pokvariti ceo zadatak!

Kada temperatura ostane ista, pritisak i zapremina se ponašaju kao na klackalici - što se jedan povećava, drugi se smanjuje. Ovo je Bojl-Mariotov zakon.
Formula je jednostavna: p₁V₁ = p₂V₂. Znači ako dupliraš pritisak, zapremina se prepolovi. Ako sabereš gas u špricu (smanjuješ zapreminu), pritisak raste.
Na grafiku pritisak-zapremina dobijamo hiperbolu koja se zove izoterma. Ova kriva pokazuje da su pritisak i zapremina obrnuto srazmerni.
💡 Primer iz života: Kada sabereš vazduh u špricu, osećaš otpor - to je povećan pritisak zbog smanjene zapremine!

Ovde pritisak ostaje konstantan, a igraju se zapremina i temperatura. Što je toplije, gas zauzima više mesta - logično!
Formula: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂. Zapremina i temperatura su direktno proporcionalne - povećaš jedno, povećava se i drugo.
Na V-T dijagramu dobijaš pravu liniju kroz koordinatni početak - to je izobara. Ova prava linija pokazuje da zapremina raste linearno sa temperaturom.
💡 Zanimljivost: Balon napunjen helijumom ujutru (hladno) će se proširiti tokom dana kako se zagreva!

Zapremina je fiksna (kao u čeličnoj boci), a pritisak raste sa temperaturom. Zato na sprejovima piše "ne izlagati toploti" - može eksplodirati!
Formula: p₁/T₁ = p₂/T₂. Pritisak i temperatura su direktno srazmerni - više toplote znači veći pritisak.
Na p-T dijagramu dobijamo pravu liniju kroz početak - izohoru. Ova linija pokazuje linearni rast pritiska sa temperaturom.
⚠️ Upozorenje: Nikad ne zagrevaj zatvorene spreje ili boce - pritisak može opasno porasti!

Ova formula spaja sve gasne zakone u jedan: pV = nRT. Ovde je n broj molova, a R univerzalna gasna konstanta .
Ova Klapejronova jednačina ti omogućava da rešavaš složenije zadatke gde se menjaju sve tri veličine istovremeno. Možeš izračunati masu gasa, broj molova ili bilo koji parametar stanja.
Postoji i oblik pV = NkT gde je N broj čestica, a k Bolcmanova konstanta. Koristi onaj oblik koji ti odgovara za konkretni zadatak.
💡 Savet: Uvek proveri da li su ti sve jedinice u SI sistemu pre uvrštavanja u formulu!

Bojl-Mariot primer: Gas od 4L pod pritiskom 100 kPa se sabije na 200 kPa. Nova zapremina: V₂ = (100×4)/200 = 2L. Dupliran pritisak, prepolovljena zapremina!
Šarlov primer: Gas na 27°C (300K) pod pritiskom 300 kPa se zagreje na 177°C (450K). Novi pritisak: p₂ = 300×(450/300) = 450 kPa. Temperature u Kelvinima - obavezno!
Za jednačinu stanja prvo izračunaš broj molova iz pV=nRT, zatim masu preko m=n×M. Pazi na jedinice - zapremina u m³, pritisak u Pa!
💡 Trik: U zadacima često možeš proveriti rezultat logičkim razmišljanjem - da li ti odgovor ima smisla?

Najčešće greške: zaboravljanje pretvaranja u Kelvine, pogrešne jedinice, mešanje formula za različite procese.
Zapamti grafike - izoterma je hiperbola, izobara i izohora su prave linije kroz koordinatni početak. Profesori često pitaju prepoznavanje procesa sa grafika.
Kratak pregled:
💡 Za ispit: Napravi tabelu sa formulama i nauči je napamet - gasni zakoni se često kombinuju u složenijim zadacima!

Realni gasovi odstupaju od idealnih na ekstremnim uslovima - vrlo visoki pritisci ili niske temperature. U većini školskih zadataka pretpostavljamo idealan gas.
Ove zakone ćeš koristiti u termodinamici, kod proučavanja motora, klima uređaja, i mnogih drugih praktičnih aplikacija. Gasni zakoni su temelj za razumevanje kako funkcioniše moderna tehnologija.
Strategija za zadatke: prvo identifikuj koji proces se dešava (šta je konstantno), zatim primeni odgovarajuću formulu. Uvek proveri jedinice i temperaturu u Kelvinima!
Povezivanje: ovi zakoni su uvod u termodinamiku gde ćeš učiti o toplotnim mašinama, entropiji i energetskim pretvaranjima.
🎯 Cilj: Ovaj gradivo je osnova za razumevanje kako rade automobili, frižideri, klime - praktično sve što koristi gasove za rad!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Gasni zakoni su kao "pravila ponašanja" za gasove - objašnjavaju kako se pritisak, zapremina i temperatura utiču jedan na drugi. Ovo su temelji termodinamike koji ti trebaju za razumevanje kako rade motori, frižideri, pa čak i zašto ne smeš bacati... Show more

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Zamisli gas kao gomilu sitnih loptičica koje se kreću po sudu - to je idealan gas. U stvarnosti gasovi nisu baš takvi, ali na visokim temperaturama i niskim pritiscima se ponašaju slično, što nam omogućava da ih lakše proučavamo.
Stanje bilo kog gasa opisuju tri parametra stanja: pritisak (p), zapremina (V) i temperatura (T). Pritisak je sila kojom gas "gura" zidove suda, zapremina je prostor koji zauzima, a temperatura pokazuje koliko se brzo kreću čestice gasa.
Apsolutno najvažnije: temperatura se uvek koristi u Kelvinima! Formula je T(K) = t(°C) + 273. Ovo je najčešća greška na testovima, pa zapamti dobro.
💡 Zapamti: Svi gasni zakoni rade samo sa temperaturom u Kelvinima - Celzijusi će ti pokvariti ceo zadatak!

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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Kada temperatura ostane ista, pritisak i zapremina se ponašaju kao na klackalici - što se jedan povećava, drugi se smanjuje. Ovo je Bojl-Mariotov zakon.
Formula je jednostavna: p₁V₁ = p₂V₂. Znači ako dupliraš pritisak, zapremina se prepolovi. Ako sabereš gas u špricu (smanjuješ zapreminu), pritisak raste.
Na grafiku pritisak-zapremina dobijamo hiperbolu koja se zove izoterma. Ova kriva pokazuje da su pritisak i zapremina obrnuto srazmerni.
💡 Primer iz života: Kada sabereš vazduh u špricu, osećaš otpor - to je povećan pritisak zbog smanjene zapremine!

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Improve your grades
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Ovde pritisak ostaje konstantan, a igraju se zapremina i temperatura. Što je toplije, gas zauzima više mesta - logično!
Formula: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂. Zapremina i temperatura su direktno proporcionalne - povećaš jedno, povećava se i drugo.
Na V-T dijagramu dobijaš pravu liniju kroz koordinatni početak - to je izobara. Ova prava linija pokazuje da zapremina raste linearno sa temperaturom.
💡 Zanimljivost: Balon napunjen helijumom ujutru (hladno) će se proširiti tokom dana kako se zagreva!

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Zapremina je fiksna (kao u čeličnoj boci), a pritisak raste sa temperaturom. Zato na sprejovima piše "ne izlagati toploti" - može eksplodirati!
Formula: p₁/T₁ = p₂/T₂. Pritisak i temperatura su direktno srazmerni - više toplote znači veći pritisak.
Na p-T dijagramu dobijamo pravu liniju kroz početak - izohoru. Ova linija pokazuje linearni rast pritiska sa temperaturom.
⚠️ Upozorenje: Nikad ne zagrevaj zatvorene spreje ili boce - pritisak može opasno porasti!

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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Ova formula spaja sve gasne zakone u jedan: pV = nRT. Ovde je n broj molova, a R univerzalna gasna konstanta .
Ova Klapejronova jednačina ti omogućava da rešavaš složenije zadatke gde se menjaju sve tri veličine istovremeno. Možeš izračunati masu gasa, broj molova ili bilo koji parametar stanja.
Postoji i oblik pV = NkT gde je N broj čestica, a k Bolcmanova konstanta. Koristi onaj oblik koji ti odgovara za konkretni zadatak.
💡 Savet: Uvek proveri da li su ti sve jedinice u SI sistemu pre uvrštavanja u formulu!

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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Bojl-Mariot primer: Gas od 4L pod pritiskom 100 kPa se sabije na 200 kPa. Nova zapremina: V₂ = (100×4)/200 = 2L. Dupliran pritisak, prepolovljena zapremina!
Šarlov primer: Gas na 27°C (300K) pod pritiskom 300 kPa se zagreje na 177°C (450K). Novi pritisak: p₂ = 300×(450/300) = 450 kPa. Temperature u Kelvinima - obavezno!
Za jednačinu stanja prvo izračunaš broj molova iz pV=nRT, zatim masu preko m=n×M. Pazi na jedinice - zapremina u m³, pritisak u Pa!
💡 Trik: U zadacima često možeš proveriti rezultat logičkim razmišljanjem - da li ti odgovor ima smisla?

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Najčešće greške: zaboravljanje pretvaranja u Kelvine, pogrešne jedinice, mešanje formula za različite procese.
Zapamti grafike - izoterma je hiperbola, izobara i izohora su prave linije kroz koordinatni početak. Profesori često pitaju prepoznavanje procesa sa grafika.
Kratak pregled:
💡 Za ispit: Napravi tabelu sa formulama i nauči je napamet - gasni zakoni se često kombinuju u složenijim zadacima!

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Realni gasovi odstupaju od idealnih na ekstremnim uslovima - vrlo visoki pritisci ili niske temperature. U većini školskih zadataka pretpostavljamo idealan gas.
Ove zakone ćeš koristiti u termodinamici, kod proučavanja motora, klima uređaja, i mnogih drugih praktičnih aplikacija. Gasni zakoni su temelj za razumevanje kako funkcioniše moderna tehnologija.
Strategija za zadatke: prvo identifikuj koji proces se dešava (šta je konstantno), zatim primeni odgovarajuću formulu. Uvek proveri jedinice i temperaturu u Kelvinima!
Povezivanje: ovi zakoni su uvod u termodinamiku gde ćeš učiti o toplotnim mašinama, entropiji i energetskim pretvaranjima.
🎯 Cilj: Ovaj gradivo je osnova za razumevanje kako rade automobili, frižideri, klime - praktično sve što koristi gasove za rad!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user