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Updated Mar 24, 2026
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How Police, Courts, and Probation Work Together: Easy Criminology for Kids
Sanii
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Roles and Relationships of Criminal Justice Organizations
This page delves deeper into the specific roles and relationships between the various organizations within the UK criminal justice system.
Police
Role:
- Maintain law and order
- Preserve crime scenes and collect evidence
- Enforce laws
- Operate specialist departments like Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
Relationships:
- CPS: Police receive advice through CPS Direct, a 24-hour helpline, on evidence collection and charging decisions.
- Courts: Police give evidence as prosecution witnesses, transport suspects to and from court, and ensure offenders adhere to bail conditions.
- HM Prison and Probation Service: Police arrest prisoners who have breached license terms.
- Voluntary organizations: Police refer victims and witnesses to support services like Victim Support and Women's Refuges.
Highlight: The Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) governs police powers to arrest, detain, question, and stop and search individuals.
Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)
Role:
- Advise police during investigations
- Decide on charges using the Full Code Test
- Prepare and present prosecution cases in court
Relationships:
- Police: Provide 24-hour advice through CPS Direct on evidence and charging decisions.
- Courts: Present prosecution cases and handle appeals against lenient sentences.
Example: The CPS might advise the police to gather additional CCTV footage to strengthen a case before deciding whether to charge a suspect.
Courts
Role:
- Handle pre-trial hearings (95% of cases start in magistrates' courts)
- Decide on plea, bail, and legal aid
- Conduct trials and pass sentences
Relationships:
- Police: Rely on police for safe transport of defendants and as prosecution witnesses.
- Judges: Ensure efficient court operations.
- Prison Service: Coordinate holding prisoners in court cells and arrange video links for prison witnesses.
Definition: Judicial process of law making refers to the creation of laws through court decisions, which set precedents for future cases.
Prison and Probation Services in the Criminal Justice System
This page focuses on the roles and relationships of the Prison Service and Probation Service within the UK criminal justice system.
Prison Service
Role:
- Supervise offenders serving prison sentences
- Ensure offenders obey prison rules
- Aid in the rehabilitation of offenders
Relationships:
- Police: Assist police in interviewing remanded prisoners and transporting offenders to prison.
- Courts: Set up video links for prisoner witnesses and ensure sentences are carried out correctly.
- Probation Service: Collaborate on prisoner release and rehabilitation plans.
Highlight: The Prison Service plays a crucial role in both punishment and rehabilitation of offenders, aiming to reduce recidivism rates.
Probation Service
Role:
- Supervise offenders serving community sentences
- Oversee prisoners released on license
- Assist with offender rehabilitation
Relationships:
- Police: Police arrest individuals who breach license terms.
- Prison Service: Coordinate supervision of offenders released on parole.
- Courts: Prepare pre-sentencing reports and supervise community sentences as directed by courts.
Example: A probation officer might meet regularly with an offender released on license to ensure they're adhering to conditions such as curfews or attending rehabilitation programs.
Vocabulary: License - A set of conditions under which a prisoner is released before their sentence is complete.
The interconnected nature of these organizations highlights the complexity of the UK criminal justice system. Each entity plays a vital role in maintaining public safety, enforcing laws, and working towards the rehabilitation of offenders. The relationships between these organizations are crucial for the effective functioning of the system as a whole.
Law Creation and Criminal Justice System Organizations
The criminal justice system in the UK involves several interconnected organizations that work together to create and enforce laws, prosecute offenders, and rehabilitate criminals. This page provides an overview of the law creation process and introduces the main organizations involved in the criminal justice system.
Law Creation
Laws in the UK are created through two main processes:
- Parliamentary law-making: Acts are passed by Parliament to create new laws or modify existing ones.
- Judicial law-making: Judges create laws through precedents and statutory interpretation.
Highlight: The administration of the Criminal Justice System is primarily handled by the Ministry of Justice and the Home Office.
Key Organizations
-
Police: Responsible for maintaining law and order, preserving crime scenes, collecting evidence, and enforcing laws.
-
Crown Prosecution Service (CPS): Advises police during investigations, decides on charges, and presents cases in court.
-
Courts: Handle pre-trial hearings, trials, and sentencing of offenders.
-
Prison Service: Supervises offenders serving prison sentences and aids in rehabilitation.
-
Probation Service: Supervises offenders serving community sentences and those released on license.
Vocabulary: CPS - Crown Prosecution Service, responsible for prosecuting criminal cases in England and Wales.
These organizations work closely together to ensure the smooth functioning of the criminal justice system. Their relationships and specific roles will be explored in more detail on the following pages.
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
How Police, Courts, and Probation Work Together: Easy Criminology for Kids
Sanii
@saniii.4
The criminal justice system involves various organizations working together to enforce laws, prosecute offenders, and rehabilitate criminals. This summary explores the roles and relationships between key entities like the police, courts, Crown Prosecution Service, prison service, and probation service in... Show more
Roles and Relationships of Criminal Justice Organizations
This page delves deeper into the specific roles and relationships between the various organizations within the UK criminal justice system.
Police
Role:
- Maintain law and order
- Preserve crime scenes and collect evidence
- Enforce laws
- Operate specialist departments like Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
Relationships:
- CPS: Police receive advice through CPS Direct, a 24-hour helpline, on evidence collection and charging decisions.
- Courts: Police give evidence as prosecution witnesses, transport suspects to and from court, and ensure offenders adhere to bail conditions.
- HM Prison and Probation Service: Police arrest prisoners who have breached license terms.
- Voluntary organizations: Police refer victims and witnesses to support services like Victim Support and Women's Refuges.
Highlight: The Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) governs police powers to arrest, detain, question, and stop and search individuals.
Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)
Role:
- Advise police during investigations
- Decide on charges using the Full Code Test
- Prepare and present prosecution cases in court
Relationships:
- Police: Provide 24-hour advice through CPS Direct on evidence and charging decisions.
- Courts: Present prosecution cases and handle appeals against lenient sentences.
Example: The CPS might advise the police to gather additional CCTV footage to strengthen a case before deciding whether to charge a suspect.
Courts
Role:
- Handle pre-trial hearings (95% of cases start in magistrates' courts)
- Decide on plea, bail, and legal aid
- Conduct trials and pass sentences
Relationships:
- Police: Rely on police for safe transport of defendants and as prosecution witnesses.
- Judges: Ensure efficient court operations.
- Prison Service: Coordinate holding prisoners in court cells and arrange video links for prison witnesses.
Definition: Judicial process of law making refers to the creation of laws through court decisions, which set precedents for future cases.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Prison and Probation Services in the Criminal Justice System
This page focuses on the roles and relationships of the Prison Service and Probation Service within the UK criminal justice system.
Prison Service
Role:
- Supervise offenders serving prison sentences
- Ensure offenders obey prison rules
- Aid in the rehabilitation of offenders
Relationships:
- Police: Assist police in interviewing remanded prisoners and transporting offenders to prison.
- Courts: Set up video links for prisoner witnesses and ensure sentences are carried out correctly.
- Probation Service: Collaborate on prisoner release and rehabilitation plans.
Highlight: The Prison Service plays a crucial role in both punishment and rehabilitation of offenders, aiming to reduce recidivism rates.
Probation Service
Role:
- Supervise offenders serving community sentences
- Oversee prisoners released on license
- Assist with offender rehabilitation
Relationships:
- Police: Police arrest individuals who breach license terms.
- Prison Service: Coordinate supervision of offenders released on parole.
- Courts: Prepare pre-sentencing reports and supervise community sentences as directed by courts.
Example: A probation officer might meet regularly with an offender released on license to ensure they're adhering to conditions such as curfews or attending rehabilitation programs.
Vocabulary: License - A set of conditions under which a prisoner is released before their sentence is complete.
The interconnected nature of these organizations highlights the complexity of the UK criminal justice system. Each entity plays a vital role in maintaining public safety, enforcing laws, and working towards the rehabilitation of offenders. The relationships between these organizations are crucial for the effective functioning of the system as a whole.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Law Creation and Criminal Justice System Organizations
The criminal justice system in the UK involves several interconnected organizations that work together to create and enforce laws, prosecute offenders, and rehabilitate criminals. This page provides an overview of the law creation process and introduces the main organizations involved in the criminal justice system.
Law Creation
Laws in the UK are created through two main processes:
- Parliamentary law-making: Acts are passed by Parliament to create new laws or modify existing ones.
- Judicial law-making: Judges create laws through precedents and statutory interpretation.
Highlight: The administration of the Criminal Justice System is primarily handled by the Ministry of Justice and the Home Office.
Key Organizations
-
Police: Responsible for maintaining law and order, preserving crime scenes, collecting evidence, and enforcing laws.
-
Crown Prosecution Service (CPS): Advises police during investigations, decides on charges, and presents cases in court.
-
Courts: Handle pre-trial hearings, trials, and sentencing of offenders.
-
Prison Service: Supervises offenders serving prison sentences and aids in rehabilitation.
-
Probation Service: Supervises offenders serving community sentences and those released on license.
Vocabulary: CPS - Crown Prosecution Service, responsible for prosecuting criminal cases in England and Wales.
These organizations work closely together to ensure the smooth functioning of the criminal justice system. Their relationships and specific roles will be explored in more detail on the following pages.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content: Rehabilitation
Most popular content in Criminology
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user