what does prokaryotic cells have that eukaryotic cells don’t ? 

what is easier to use light or electron microscope ? 

what is the main uses for the cell cycle ? 

it means the antibiotic is effective against that bacteria 

what does it mean if the inhibition zone is big ? 

made to differentiate into specialised cells to use in medicine or research 

stem cells transferred from the bone marrow of a healthy person can replace faulty blood cells in the patient who receives them 

how do adult  stem cells already cure diseas 

an embryo could be made to have same genetic information as the patient 

stems cells grown in lab can become contaminated with a virus which could be passed on the patient and make them sicker 

because they feel that human embryos should be used for experiments since each one is a potential human life 

why are some people against stem cell research 

- to produce clones                                      - grow more plants for rare species            - grow crops of indentical plants 

the spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration 

what molecules can go through a cell membrane 

- surface area  ( the larger the surface area of the membrane the faster the diffusion ).                                                     -the higher the temperature the faster the rate of diffusion 

the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration 

movement of substances against their concentration gradient 

they have a lot of hairs which give them a high surface area for absorbing minerals ions and water from the solid , plants need these minerals for a healthy soil , the concentration of minerals is usually higher in the root hair cells than in the soils around them so the Root hairs cells can’t use diffusion to take up minerals from the soil . 

what are root hair cells adaptataipn for active transport 

thin membrane ( short distance to diffusee for substances) , large surface area ( a lot of substance can diffuse at once ) , animals have alot of blood vessals ( to get stuff in and out of the blood quickly ) 

how are exachange surfaces adapted to maximise effectiveness: 

in air sacs called alveoli ( large surface area , thin walls , good blood supply ) 

where does gas exachange happen in Lungs 

increase surface area so digested food is absorbed more quickly into blood 

what do villi’s do in small intestines 

carbon dioxide goes in and oxygen and water vapour goes out 

what goes in and out through the stomata 

what is the size of the stomata controlled by 

the flattened shape of the leaves , the walls of the cells 

what are the areas of exachange surfaces on leafs

gills have thin plates called Gil filaments which have big surface area for exachange of gases and have tiny structure called lamellae which increase the surface area even more and sped up diffusion 

how is a fish specialised in gas exchange 

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Ayesha

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Biology

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