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Explore Cool Cell Stuff: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Fun!

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Explore Cool Cell Stuff: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Fun!
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Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, classified into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. Their cellular structure includes a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleoid, plasmids, ribosomes, and various external structures. These organisms play crucial roles in diverse environments and have unique adaptations for survival.

26/04/2023

182

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

View

Prokaryotic Cell Components and Functions

This page delves deeper into the prokaryotic cell structure and components and functions, providing more detail on each cellular component.

  1. Cytoplasm: The internal fluid component of the cell.
  2. Nucleoid: The region of the cytoplasm where DNA is located. In prokaryotes, the DNA is a circular strand called a genophore.
  3. Plasmids: Autonomous circular DNA molecules that can be transferred between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer.
  4. Ribosomes: Complexes of RNA and protein responsible for polypeptide synthesis. Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S in size.

Definition: Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by vertical transmission from parent to offspring.

Example: Horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes can occur through plasmid exchange, allowing bacteria to acquire new traits such as antibiotic resistance.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

View

Prokaryotic Cell Membrane and Wall

This page continues the discussion of prokaryotic cell structure and function, focusing on the cell membrane, cell wall, and external structures.

  1. Cell Membrane: A semi-permeable and selective barrier surrounding the cell.
  2. Cell Wall: A rigid outer covering made of peptidoglycan that maintains cell shape and prevents lysis (bursting).
  3. Slime Capsule: A thick polysaccharide layer that protects against desiccation and phagocytosis.

Vocabulary: Peptidoglycan - A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of bacterial cells.

Highlight: The cell wall is a crucial difference between archaebacteria and eubacteria. While both have cell walls, the composition differs significantly.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

View

Prokaryotic External Structures

This page completes the overview of prokaryotic cell structure and components, focusing on external structures that aid in movement and attachment.

  1. Flagella: Long, slender projections containing motor proteins that enable movement. The singular form is flagellum.
  2. Pili: Hair-like extensions that serve two main functions:
    • Attachment pili: Enable adherence to surfaces
    • Sex pili: Mediate bacterial conjugation

Example: Horizontal gene transfer in bacteria can occur through conjugation, where genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another via sex pili.

Highlight: The presence and arrangement of flagella can vary among prokaryotes and is often used as a characteristic for classification.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

View

Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

This page provides a brief comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, highlighting key differences in their structure and organization.

While prokaryotes lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, eukaryotes possess both. This fundamental difference leads to several other distinctions:

  1. DNA Organization: Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome in the nucleoid, while eukaryotes have linear chromosomes enclosed in a nuclear membrane.
  2. Cell Size: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.
  3. Organelles: Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, which are absent in prokaryotes.

Definition: Eukaryotic cell diagram would show a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and a more complex internal structure compared to a prokaryotic cell diagram.

Highlight: Understanding the differences between archaebacteria and eubacteria as well as the distinctions between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is crucial for comprehending the diversity of life on Earth.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

View

Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Components

This page provides an overview of prokaryotic cell structure and components, focusing on their basic characteristics and classification.

Prokaryotes are defined as organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. They are classified into two main domains:

  1. Archaebacteria: Found in extreme environments, often called extremophiles.
  2. Eubacteria: Traditional bacteria, including many pathogenic forms.

The prokaryotic cell structure and components diagram illustrates key features:

  • Cell Wall (made of peptidoglycan)
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleoid (containing the genophore)
  • Plasmids
  • Ribosomes
  • Pili
  • Flagella
  • Slime Capsule (glycocalyx)

Vocabulary: Genophore - The circular DNA strand found in prokaryotes.

Highlight: The term 'prokaryote' comes from Greek, where 'pro' means before and 'karyon' means nucleus, reflecting their lack of a true nucleus.

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Explore Cool Cell Stuff: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Fun!

user profile picture

roses

@roses4

·

0 Follower

Follow

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, classified into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. Their cellular structure includes a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleoid, plasmids, ribosomes, and various external structures. These organisms play crucial roles in diverse environments and have unique adaptations for survival.

26/04/2023

182

 

11/12

 

Biology

1

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

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Prokaryotic Cell Components and Functions

This page delves deeper into the prokaryotic cell structure and components and functions, providing more detail on each cellular component.

  1. Cytoplasm: The internal fluid component of the cell.
  2. Nucleoid: The region of the cytoplasm where DNA is located. In prokaryotes, the DNA is a circular strand called a genophore.
  3. Plasmids: Autonomous circular DNA molecules that can be transferred between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer.
  4. Ribosomes: Complexes of RNA and protein responsible for polypeptide synthesis. Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S in size.

Definition: Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by vertical transmission from parent to offspring.

Example: Horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes can occur through plasmid exchange, allowing bacteria to acquire new traits such as antibiotic resistance.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Prokaryotic Cell Membrane and Wall

This page continues the discussion of prokaryotic cell structure and function, focusing on the cell membrane, cell wall, and external structures.

  1. Cell Membrane: A semi-permeable and selective barrier surrounding the cell.
  2. Cell Wall: A rigid outer covering made of peptidoglycan that maintains cell shape and prevents lysis (bursting).
  3. Slime Capsule: A thick polysaccharide layer that protects against desiccation and phagocytosis.

Vocabulary: Peptidoglycan - A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of bacterial cells.

Highlight: The cell wall is a crucial difference between archaebacteria and eubacteria. While both have cell walls, the composition differs significantly.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Prokaryotic External Structures

This page completes the overview of prokaryotic cell structure and components, focusing on external structures that aid in movement and attachment.

  1. Flagella: Long, slender projections containing motor proteins that enable movement. The singular form is flagellum.
  2. Pili: Hair-like extensions that serve two main functions:
    • Attachment pili: Enable adherence to surfaces
    • Sex pili: Mediate bacterial conjugation

Example: Horizontal gene transfer in bacteria can occur through conjugation, where genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another via sex pili.

Highlight: The presence and arrangement of flagella can vary among prokaryotes and is often used as a characteristic for classification.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

This page provides a brief comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, highlighting key differences in their structure and organization.

While prokaryotes lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, eukaryotes possess both. This fundamental difference leads to several other distinctions:

  1. DNA Organization: Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome in the nucleoid, while eukaryotes have linear chromosomes enclosed in a nuclear membrane.
  2. Cell Size: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.
  3. Organelles: Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, which are absent in prokaryotes.

Definition: Eukaryotic cell diagram would show a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and a more complex internal structure compared to a prokaryotic cell diagram.

Highlight: Understanding the differences between archaebacteria and eubacteria as well as the distinctions between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is crucial for comprehending the diversity of life on Earth.

Prokaryotes are organisms whose
cells lack a nucleus ('pro' = before
; 'karyon' = nucleus)
They belong to the kingdom Monera
and have been f

Sign up to see the content. It's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Components

This page provides an overview of prokaryotic cell structure and components, focusing on their basic characteristics and classification.

Prokaryotes are defined as organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. They are classified into two main domains:

  1. Archaebacteria: Found in extreme environments, often called extremophiles.
  2. Eubacteria: Traditional bacteria, including many pathogenic forms.

The prokaryotic cell structure and components diagram illustrates key features:

  • Cell Wall (made of peptidoglycan)
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleoid (containing the genophore)
  • Plasmids
  • Ribosomes
  • Pili
  • Flagella
  • Slime Capsule (glycocalyx)

Vocabulary: Genophore - The circular DNA strand found in prokaryotes.

Highlight: The term 'prokaryote' comes from Greek, where 'pro' means before and 'karyon' means nucleus, reflecting their lack of a true nucleus.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

Knowunity has been named a featured story on Apple and has regularly topped the app store charts in the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the #1 education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average app rating

15 M

Pupils love Knowunity

#1

In education app charts in 12 countries

950 K+

Students have uploaded notes

Still not convinced? See what other students are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much, I also use it daily. I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a D to an A with it :D

Philip, iOS User

The app is very simple and well designed. So far I have always found everything I was looking for :D

Lena, iOS user

I love this app ❤️ I actually use it every time I study.