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Cells and Microscopy (GCSE)
01/02/2023
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functions: Eyepiece Objective lenses Animal Cell Stage clip Condenser ➤ nucleus - contains genetic information (DNA) mitochondria - releases energy by cell respiration ➤ cytoplasm - where chemical reactions take place cell membrane - controls what goes in and out of the cell Mirror microscopes (light and electron): CELLS AND MICROSCOPY mitochondria size of image cytoplasm magnification nucleus cell membrane ➤ cell wall - provides structure and is made of cellulose vacuole - filled with cell sap to help keep the cell swollen and provides storage space ➤ chloroplasts - contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis ribosomes - make protein size of real object Coarse focus Fine focus chloroplasts Arm Stage Plant Cell magnification = mitochondria cell wall image size actual size cytoplasm vacuole nucleus cell membrane total magnification of the microscope is the magnification of the eyepiece lens multiplied by the magnification of the objective lens ► electron microscopes have a higher magnification and a higher resolution ➤ light microscopes have a lower magnification and lower resolution Shakthi Sasikumar 9SW magnification - how much bigger the image of a sample is relative to its actual size resolution - the ability of a microscope to distinguish two separate items/ the clarity of a magnified object equipment needed for practical: sterile swab ➤ slide ➤ coverslip ➤ microscope method to look at cheek cells under a microscope: use a sterile swab and wipe it on the inside of your cheek it will pick up your cheek cells on the swab disinfectant methylene blue (stain) o ► rub the swab that has...
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Alternative transcript:
the cells on it onto the center of a microscope slide and put the used swab into your disinfectant ➤ use a drop of methylene blue on top of where the cells are to stain them place the coverslip on top of the stained cells must be done gently to avoid air bubbles - if there is any leaked stain clean it with a paper towel O O put the slide under the microscope start with the lowest magnification adjust the microscope with the screws for your image to focus ► the slide, coverslip, and anything else used for the process should be put into the disinfectant units of measurement: ➤ before doing any calculations on magnification or size, the units must all be the same ▸ we must convert them to be the same and all the calculations for this is given below most measurements are given in micrometres (μ) x 1000 1m 1000 mm +1000 TO CONVERT mm → um 1mm x1000 +1000 1000 μm x1000 1μm = 1000nm +1000 Shakthi Sasikumar 9SW