Evolution is one of biology's most important concepts that explains... Show more
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09/12/2025
Biology
Evolution flashcards
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9 Dec 2025
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Evolution Study Flashcards
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What Is Evolution?
Think of evolution as nature's slow-motion makeover show that's been running for billions of years. Evolution is simply the gradual change in inherited traits within a population over time - it's how species transform and adapt to survive.
Natural selection drives this entire process. It's not random chance, but rather a systematic way that nature "chooses" which traits help organisms survive and reproduce. The organisms with the best traits for their environment are more likely to pass those traits on to their offspring.
Quick Tip: Remember that evolution happens to populations, not individual organisms. You can't evolve during your lifetime, but your species can evolve over many generations.
The Theory of Natural Selection
Natural selection works like a six-step process that you can see happening all around you. It starts with genetic variation - differences between individuals caused by spontaneous mutations in their DNA.
Selection pressures like competition for food, disease, or predators then come into play. When a random mutation gives an organism a selective advantage, it becomes better adapted to survive in its environment. This lucky individual is more likely to reproduce and pass on its beneficial alleles to the next generation.
Over time, the frequency of these advantageous alleles increases in the population. This is evolution in action - the traits that help survival become more common whilst less helpful traits gradually disappear.
Remember: Natural selection isn't about the "strongest" surviving - it's about being best suited to your specific environment.
Competition in Habitats
Ever wondered why animals fight over territory or why plants grow so tall? It all comes down to one simple fact: resources within any habitat are limited. There's only so much food, water, shelter, and space to go around.
This scarcity creates intense competition between organisms. Animals compete for food, shelter, mates, and territory. Plants battle for sunlight, water, and minerals from the soil. The winners get to survive and reproduce, whilst the losers might not make it.
This competition is actually crucial for evolution because it creates the selection pressures that drive natural selection. Without competition, there'd be no advantage to having better traits.
Real-world Example: Think about how trees in a forest grow incredibly tall - they're literally racing each other to reach the sunlight above the canopy.
Antibiotic Resistance: Evolution in Action
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria provides a perfect real-world example of evolution happening right now. When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, most die - but some might have random mutations that make them resistant.
These resistant bacteria suddenly have a massive advantage. With their competitors dead, they can multiply rapidly and pass on their resistance genes. Over time, the entire bacterial population becomes antibiotic-resistant.
This is exactly how natural selection works: variation (some bacteria are resistant), selection pressure (antibiotics), survival of the fittest (resistant bacteria survive), and reproduction (passing on resistance genes). It's evolution happening in fast-forward because bacteria reproduce so quickly.
Why This Matters: This is why doctors are careful about prescribing antibiotics - overuse creates stronger selection pressure for resistant bacteria to evolve.
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4.9/5
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4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Evolution Study Flashcards
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Evolution is one of biology's most important concepts that explains how life on Earth has changed over millions of years. Understanding natural selection and how organisms adapt to their environments will help you grasp why we see such incredible diversity... Show more
What Is Evolution?
Think of evolution as nature's slow-motion makeover show that's been running for billions of years. Evolution is simply the gradual change in inherited traits within a population over time - it's how species transform and adapt to survive.
Natural selection drives this entire process. It's not random chance, but rather a systematic way that nature "chooses" which traits help organisms survive and reproduce. The organisms with the best traits for their environment are more likely to pass those traits on to their offspring.
Quick Tip: Remember that evolution happens to populations, not individual organisms. You can't evolve during your lifetime, but your species can evolve over many generations.
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The Theory of Natural Selection
Natural selection works like a six-step process that you can see happening all around you. It starts with genetic variation - differences between individuals caused by spontaneous mutations in their DNA.
Selection pressures like competition for food, disease, or predators then come into play. When a random mutation gives an organism a selective advantage, it becomes better adapted to survive in its environment. This lucky individual is more likely to reproduce and pass on its beneficial alleles to the next generation.
Over time, the frequency of these advantageous alleles increases in the population. This is evolution in action - the traits that help survival become more common whilst less helpful traits gradually disappear.
Remember: Natural selection isn't about the "strongest" surviving - it's about being best suited to your specific environment.
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Competition in Habitats
Ever wondered why animals fight over territory or why plants grow so tall? It all comes down to one simple fact: resources within any habitat are limited. There's only so much food, water, shelter, and space to go around.
This scarcity creates intense competition between organisms. Animals compete for food, shelter, mates, and territory. Plants battle for sunlight, water, and minerals from the soil. The winners get to survive and reproduce, whilst the losers might not make it.
This competition is actually crucial for evolution because it creates the selection pressures that drive natural selection. Without competition, there'd be no advantage to having better traits.
Real-world Example: Think about how trees in a forest grow incredibly tall - they're literally racing each other to reach the sunlight above the canopy.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Antibiotic Resistance: Evolution in Action
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria provides a perfect real-world example of evolution happening right now. When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, most die - but some might have random mutations that make them resistant.
These resistant bacteria suddenly have a massive advantage. With their competitors dead, they can multiply rapidly and pass on their resistance genes. Over time, the entire bacterial population becomes antibiotic-resistant.
This is exactly how natural selection works: variation (some bacteria are resistant), selection pressure (antibiotics), survival of the fittest (resistant bacteria survive), and reproduction (passing on resistance genes). It's evolution happening in fast-forward because bacteria reproduce so quickly.
Why This Matters: This is why doctors are careful about prescribing antibiotics - overuse creates stronger selection pressure for resistant bacteria to evolve.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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We thought youโd never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
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4.9/5
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4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user