Cell Structure and Organisation
Every living thing you can think of is made from cells - from bacteria to plants to you! All cells have a plasma membrane that acts like a bouncer at a club, controlling what gets in and out.
There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are the simple ones - think bacteria. Their DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm without being wrapped up in a nucleus. They're tiny but efficient, with essential features like peptidoglycan cell walls, circular DNA, and small ribosomes.
Eukaryotic cells are the sophisticated cousins that make up plants, animals, and fungi. They're much larger and keep their DNA safely tucked away in a nucleus. These cells are like tiny cities with different membrane-bound organelles acting as specialised departments - each with its own job to keep the cell running smoothly.
Quick tip: Remember "pro" means "before" - prokaryotes came first in evolution and are structurally simpler!
