Subjects
Maths
Chemistry
Biology
English Language
History
Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
Homeostasis and response
Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
Organisation
Substance exchange
Bioenergetics
Genetic information & variation
Inheritance, variation and evolution
Genetics & ecosystems (a2 only)
Ecology
Cells
Show all topics
Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
Show all topics
Biology
7 Dec 2025
679
2 pages
โก ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ โก @meagan__
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things, and understanding their structure is crucial for GCSE... Show more
Every cell in your body has a control centre called the nucleus, which contains your DNA and manages all the cell's activities. Think of it like the brain of the cell, making all the important decisions.
Both animal and plant cells share several key structures. The cell membrane acts like a selective doorway, controlling what goes in and out of the cell. Inside, you'll find the cytoplasm - a jelly-like substance where most chemical reactions happen, and ribosomes that work like tiny factories making proteins.
The real powerhouses are the mitochondria, where aerobic respiration takes place to release energy. Plant cells have some extra features that animals don't - they've got chloroplasts containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis, a tough cell wall made of cellulose for support, and a large permanent vacuole filled with cell sap that keeps the plant upright and rigid.
Quick Tip Remember that plant cells have everything animal cells have, plus three extras cell wall, chloroplasts, and permanent vacuole!
Here's where things get interesting - not all cells are built the same way! Eukaryotic cells (like animals, plants, fungi, and protists) have their genetic material neatly packaged inside a nucleus, whilst prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) have their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.
Bacterial cells are much simpler than the cells in your body. They still have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material, but their DNA exists as a single loop rather than being contained in a nucleus. Many bacteria also have a cell wall, but it's not made of cellulose like plant cells.
Some bacteria have extra features that make them quite clever. They might have a flagellum (like a tiny tail) for swimming around, and small rings of DNA called plasmids that can carry useful genes. However, they lack the sophisticated organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts that eukaryotic cells possess.
Remember Prokaryotic = no nucleus , Eukaryotic = true nucleus !
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
52
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: โ 50+ Practice Questions โ Interactive Flashcards โ Full Mock Exam โ Essay Outlines
Explore key concepts of communicable diseases including transmission methods, prevention strategies, and symptoms. This summary covers diseases such as HIV, malaria, measles, and salmonella, providing essential information for AQA science students. Enhance your revision with clear insights on how these diseases spread and how to prevent them.
BiologyExplore the types of pathogens, their transmission methods, and effective strategies for controlling the spread of communicable diseases. This summary covers key concepts such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists, along with prevention techniques like vaccination, hygiene practices, and vector control.
BiologyGCSE Revision
BiologyExplore the mechanisms of the immune response, including phagocytosis and the role of white blood cells in fighting pathogens. Understand the importance of vaccinations in disease prevention and how they enhance immunity against infectious diseases. This summary is tailored for GCSE Biology students.
BiologyExplore the stages of the cell cycle, including Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis. This summary covers key phases such as G1, S, and the division of genetic material, providing a clear overview for GCSE biology students.
BiologyExplore the essential concepts of microorganisms, immunity, and disease prevention in this comprehensive summary. Understand the roles of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, along with the body's immune response, antibiotic resistance, and the impact of lifestyle on non-communicable diseases. Ideal for CCEA GCSE Biology students preparing for exams.
BiologyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
โก ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ โก
@meagan__
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things, and understanding their structure is crucial for GCSE Biology. There are different types of cells with unique features that help them carry out specific jobs in living organisms.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Every cell in your body has a control centre called the nucleus, which contains your DNA and manages all the cell's activities. Think of it like the brain of the cell, making all the important decisions.
Both animal and plant cells share several key structures. The cell membrane acts like a selective doorway, controlling what goes in and out of the cell. Inside, you'll find the cytoplasm - a jelly-like substance where most chemical reactions happen, and ribosomes that work like tiny factories making proteins.
The real powerhouses are the mitochondria, where aerobic respiration takes place to release energy. Plant cells have some extra features that animals don't - they've got chloroplasts containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis, a tough cell wall made of cellulose for support, and a large permanent vacuole filled with cell sap that keeps the plant upright and rigid.
Quick Tip: Remember that plant cells have everything animal cells have, plus three extras: cell wall, chloroplasts, and permanent vacuole!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Here's where things get interesting - not all cells are built the same way! Eukaryotic cells (like animals, plants, fungi, and protists) have their genetic material neatly packaged inside a nucleus, whilst prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) have their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.
Bacterial cells are much simpler than the cells in your body. They still have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material, but their DNA exists as a single loop rather than being contained in a nucleus. Many bacteria also have a cell wall, but it's not made of cellulose like plant cells.
Some bacteria have extra features that make them quite clever. They might have a flagellum (like a tiny tail) for swimming around, and small rings of DNA called plasmids that can carry useful genes. However, they lack the sophisticated organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts that eukaryotic cells possess.
Remember: Prokaryotic = no nucleus , Eukaryotic = true nucleus !
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
52
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: โ 50+ Practice Questions โ Interactive Flashcards โ Full Mock Exam โ Essay Outlines
Explore key concepts of communicable diseases including transmission methods, prevention strategies, and symptoms. This summary covers diseases such as HIV, malaria, measles, and salmonella, providing essential information for AQA science students. Enhance your revision with clear insights on how these diseases spread and how to prevent them.
BiologyExplore the types of pathogens, their transmission methods, and effective strategies for controlling the spread of communicable diseases. This summary covers key concepts such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists, along with prevention techniques like vaccination, hygiene practices, and vector control.
BiologyGCSE Revision
BiologyExplore the mechanisms of the immune response, including phagocytosis and the role of white blood cells in fighting pathogens. Understand the importance of vaccinations in disease prevention and how they enhance immunity against infectious diseases. This summary is tailored for GCSE Biology students.
BiologyExplore the stages of the cell cycle, including Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis. This summary covers key phases such as G1, S, and the division of genetic material, providing a clear overview for GCSE biology students.
BiologyExplore the essential concepts of microorganisms, immunity, and disease prevention in this comprehensive summary. Understand the roles of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, along with the body's immune response, antibiotic resistance, and the impact of lifestyle on non-communicable diseases. Ideal for CCEA GCSE Biology students preparing for exams.
BiologyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology