Trpnik ali pasiv je način izražanja, kjer poudarimo dejanje samo,... Show more
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Updated Mar 22, 2026
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Razumevanje in Uporaba Trpnika v Slovenskem Jeziku
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Uvod v trpnik
Predstavljaj si, da bereš novico: "Novo cepivo je bilo odobreno." Tukaj ni pomembno, kdo točno ga je odobril – pomembno je samo dejstvo, da je odobreno. To je trpnik v akciji!
V trpniku osebek ni tisti, ki nekaj dela, ampak tisti, s katerim se nekaj dogaja. Namesto da povemo "Shakespeare je napisal Hamleta", rečemo "Hamlet je bil napisan." Poudarek se preseli z avtorja na delo samo.
Osnovna formula je preprosta: vzameš predmet iz običajnega stavka, dodaš glagol "to be" in tretjo obliko glavnega glagola. Če hočeš, lahko na koncu dodaš še "by" plus osebo, ki je dejanje opravila.
💡 Nasvet: Trpnik se pogosto uporablja v formalnih besedilih – novicah, znanstvenih člankih, uradnih dokumentih. Prepoznaš ga po kombinaciji "biti + tretja oblika glagola".
Kdaj izpuščamo vršilca dejanja
Včasih sploh ne povemo, kdo je nekaj naredil – in to je popolnoma v redu! Vršilca dejanja (tisti del z "by") izpustimo v treh glavnih primerih.
Prvi je, ko ne vemo, kdo je dejanje opravil: "Moj avto je bil ukraden." Očitno ne veš, kdo ga je ukradel, sicer bi to povedal policiji! Drugi primer je, ko ni pomembno, kdo je bil: "Ta most je bil zgrajen leta 1985." Ni ti treba vedeti imen vseh delavcev.
Tretji primer pa je, ko je iz konteksta jasno, kdo je vršilec: "Osumljenec je bil aretiran." Seveda ga je aretirala policija – kdo pa drugače?
💡 Nasvet: Če se sprašuješ, ali dodati "by + oseba", se vprašaj: "Ali je to pomembno za razumevanje?" Če ni, pusti brez.
Tvorba trpnika v različnih časih
Tukaj pride najbolj pomemben del – kako trpnik prilagodiš različnim časom. Ključ je v glagolu "to be", ki prevzame čas iz originalnega stavka.
Za Present Simple vzameš "They build houses" in dobiš "Houses are built". Za Present Perfect pa "She has written books" postane "Books have been written". Opazi, kako se "to be" prilagaja času!
Posebej pazi na continuous čase – tam se pojavi "being": "The room is being cleaned." Pri perfect časih pa dodaš "been": "The work has been finished." To si moraš dobro zapomniti, ker je to pogosta napaka na testih.
Modalni glagoli so najlažji – preprosto dodaš "be": "You must complete" postane "It must be completed."
💡 Nasvet: Naredi si tabelo z osnovnimi časi in njihovimi trpnimi oblikami. Ponavljaj jo, dokler ne postane avtomatska!
Postopek pretvarjanja stavkov
Najbolje se naučiš trpnik, če slediš sistematičnemu postopku. Vzemi primer "The teacher explains the rules" in ga razstavi po korakih.
Najprej določi dele stavka: osebek (teacher), glagol (explains), predmet (rules). Potem premakni predmet na začetek: "The rules..." Dodaj glagol 'to be' v pravem času: ker je Present Simple in je "rules" množina, vzameš "are".
Spremeni glavni glagol v tretjo obliko: "explained". Na koncu po potrebi dodaj originalni osebek z "by": "by the teacher". Rezultat: "The rules are explained by the teacher."
Pri glagolih z dvema predmetoma (give, send, tell) imaš dve možnosti: "I was given a book" ali "A book was given to me." Prva je pogostejša.
💡 Nasvet: Vedno najprej podčrtaj osebek, glagol in predmet v originalnem stavku. To ti bo preprečilo napake!
Pomembni nasveti in pasti
Nepravilni glagoli so tvoja največja past! Če ne znaš tretje oblike, ne moreš narediti trpnika. "Go-went-gone", "see-saw-seen", "take-took-taken" – to moraš znati na pamet.
Ujemanje osebka in povedka je ključno: "The letter was sent" (ednina), vendar "The letters were sent" (množina). Novi osebek (originalni predmet) določa obliko glagola "to be".
Ne mešaj časov – če je bil stavek v Past Simple, mora ostati Past Simple tudi v trpniku. In pozor: intranzitivni glagoli (arrive, die, sleep) nimajo trpnika, ker nimajo predmeta. "He was arrived" je popolnoma napačno!
Za test si zapomni: podčrtaj osebek-glagol-predmet, potem sledi formuli. To je najzanesljivejša pot do pravilnega odgovora.
💡 Nasvet: Naredi si seznam glagolov, ki nimajo trpnika (arrive, exist, happen, occur). Tako se boš izognil pogostim napakam!
Povzetek za ponavljanje
Trpnik uporabljamo, ko hočemo poudariti dejanje namesto vršilca. Formula je preprosta: predmet + "to be" + tretja oblika glagola + po potrebi "by" oseba.
Glagol "to be" nosi čas – če je bil Present Simple, ostane Present Simple. Glavni glagol je vedno v tretji obliki. To je nepogojno pravilo!
Vršilca z "by" dodamo samo, če je pomemben za razumevanje. Pogosto ga izpustimo. Pazi na ujemanje novega osebka s povedkom in na posebne oblike: "being" za continuous, "been" za perfect čase.
Če to obvladaš, si pripravljen na katerikoli test trpnika. Ključ je v vadbi in poznavanju nepravilnih glagolov!
💡 Nasvet: Trpnik ni samo slovnica – uporabljaj ga, ko pišeš formalne tekste ali ko hočeš zveneti bolj profesionalno!
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Razumevanje in Uporaba Trpnika v Slovenskem Jeziku
Trpnik ali pasiv je način izražanja, kjer poudarimo dejanje samo, ne pa osebe, ki ga izvaja. To ni le slovnična trika – vsak dan se srečuješ s trpnikom v novicah, uradnih dokumentih in celo na družbenih omrežjih.
Uvod v trpnik
Predstavljaj si, da bereš novico: "Novo cepivo je bilo odobreno." Tukaj ni pomembno, kdo točno ga je odobril – pomembno je samo dejstvo, da je odobreno. To je trpnik v akciji!
V trpniku osebek ni tisti, ki nekaj dela, ampak tisti, s katerim se nekaj dogaja. Namesto da povemo "Shakespeare je napisal Hamleta", rečemo "Hamlet je bil napisan." Poudarek se preseli z avtorja na delo samo.
Osnovna formula je preprosta: vzameš predmet iz običajnega stavka, dodaš glagol "to be" in tretjo obliko glavnega glagola. Če hočeš, lahko na koncu dodaš še "by" plus osebo, ki je dejanje opravila.
💡 Nasvet: Trpnik se pogosto uporablja v formalnih besedilih – novicah, znanstvenih člankih, uradnih dokumentih. Prepoznaš ga po kombinaciji "biti + tretja oblika glagola".
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Kdaj izpuščamo vršilca dejanja
Včasih sploh ne povemo, kdo je nekaj naredil – in to je popolnoma v redu! Vršilca dejanja (tisti del z "by") izpustimo v treh glavnih primerih.
Prvi je, ko ne vemo, kdo je dejanje opravil: "Moj avto je bil ukraden." Očitno ne veš, kdo ga je ukradel, sicer bi to povedal policiji! Drugi primer je, ko ni pomembno, kdo je bil: "Ta most je bil zgrajen leta 1985." Ni ti treba vedeti imen vseh delavcev.
Tretji primer pa je, ko je iz konteksta jasno, kdo je vršilec: "Osumljenec je bil aretiran." Seveda ga je aretirala policija – kdo pa drugače?
💡 Nasvet: Če se sprašuješ, ali dodati "by + oseba", se vprašaj: "Ali je to pomembno za razumevanje?" Če ni, pusti brez.
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Tvorba trpnika v različnih časih
Tukaj pride najbolj pomemben del – kako trpnik prilagodiš različnim časom. Ključ je v glagolu "to be", ki prevzame čas iz originalnega stavka.
Za Present Simple vzameš "They build houses" in dobiš "Houses are built". Za Present Perfect pa "She has written books" postane "Books have been written". Opazi, kako se "to be" prilagaja času!
Posebej pazi na continuous čase – tam se pojavi "being": "The room is being cleaned." Pri perfect časih pa dodaš "been": "The work has been finished." To si moraš dobro zapomniti, ker je to pogosta napaka na testih.
Modalni glagoli so najlažji – preprosto dodaš "be": "You must complete" postane "It must be completed."
💡 Nasvet: Naredi si tabelo z osnovnimi časi in njihovimi trpnimi oblikami. Ponavljaj jo, dokler ne postane avtomatska!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Postopek pretvarjanja stavkov
Najbolje se naučiš trpnik, če slediš sistematičnemu postopku. Vzemi primer "The teacher explains the rules" in ga razstavi po korakih.
Najprej določi dele stavka: osebek (teacher), glagol (explains), predmet (rules). Potem premakni predmet na začetek: "The rules..." Dodaj glagol 'to be' v pravem času: ker je Present Simple in je "rules" množina, vzameš "are".
Spremeni glavni glagol v tretjo obliko: "explained". Na koncu po potrebi dodaj originalni osebek z "by": "by the teacher". Rezultat: "The rules are explained by the teacher."
Pri glagolih z dvema predmetoma (give, send, tell) imaš dve možnosti: "I was given a book" ali "A book was given to me." Prva je pogostejša.
💡 Nasvet: Vedno najprej podčrtaj osebek, glagol in predmet v originalnem stavku. To ti bo preprečilo napake!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Pomembni nasveti in pasti
Nepravilni glagoli so tvoja največja past! Če ne znaš tretje oblike, ne moreš narediti trpnika. "Go-went-gone", "see-saw-seen", "take-took-taken" – to moraš znati na pamet.
Ujemanje osebka in povedka je ključno: "The letter was sent" (ednina), vendar "The letters were sent" (množina). Novi osebek (originalni predmet) določa obliko glagola "to be".
Ne mešaj časov – če je bil stavek v Past Simple, mora ostati Past Simple tudi v trpniku. In pozor: intranzitivni glagoli (arrive, die, sleep) nimajo trpnika, ker nimajo predmeta. "He was arrived" je popolnoma napačno!
Za test si zapomni: podčrtaj osebek-glagol-predmet, potem sledi formuli. To je najzanesljivejša pot do pravilnega odgovora.
💡 Nasvet: Naredi si seznam glagolov, ki nimajo trpnika (arrive, exist, happen, occur). Tako se boš izognil pogostim napakam!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Povzetek za ponavljanje
Trpnik uporabljamo, ko hočemo poudariti dejanje namesto vršilca. Formula je preprosta: predmet + "to be" + tretja oblika glagola + po potrebi "by" oseba.
Glagol "to be" nosi čas – če je bil Present Simple, ostane Present Simple. Glavni glagol je vedno v tretji obliki. To je nepogojno pravilo!
Vršilca z "by" dodamo samo, če je pomemben za razumevanje. Pogosto ga izpustimo. Pazi na ujemanje novega osebka s povedkom in na posebne oblike: "being" za continuous, "been" za perfect čase.
Če to obvladaš, si pripravljen na katerikoli test trpnika. Ključ je v vadbi in poznavanju nepravilnih glagolov!
💡 Nasvet: Trpnik ni samo slovnica – uporabljaj ga, ko pišeš formalne tekste ali ko hočeš zveneti bolj profesionalno!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user