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Updated Mar 25, 2026
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Razumevanje modalnih glagolov in njihovih različnih funkcij
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Modalni glagoli in njihove funkcije
Če se ti zdi, da so modalni glagoli zapleteni, nisi edini - a pravzaprav sledijo jasnim pravilom. Ti pomožni glagoli vedno delajo v tandemu z glavnim glagolem in nikoli ne stojijo sami.
Zapomni si tri zlatna pravila: v 3. osebi ednine ne dodaš končnice -s (He can swim), sledi jim nedoločnik brez "to" (I must go), za vprašanja in nikalnice pa ne rabiš "do" (Can she come?). Edina izjema je "ought to".
Osnovne funkcije vključujejo sposobnost (can, could), dovoljenje (may, can), nasvet (should), obveznost (must, have to) in verjetnost (might, could). En glagol lahko ima več pomenov - to je tisto, kar dela angleščino zanimivo!
💡 Pomni: Kontekst je kralj! Isti modalni glagol lahko pomeni popolnoma različne stvari v različnih situacijah.
Izražanje gotovosti in verjetnosti
Tukaj se dogaja čarovnija - z modalnimi glagoli postaneš pravi detektiv, ki sklepa na podlagi dokazov. To je najvažnejši del za maturo!
Za skoraj 100% gotovost uporabi "must" (Luči so prižgane. He must be home.). Za negativne sklepe pa "can't" (Pravkar je odšel. He can't be home yet.). Ko si na pol prepričan, izberi "may", "might" ali "could".
V preteklosti dodaš "have + 3. obliko glagola": must have rained (skoraj zagotovo je deževalo), can't have studied (nemogoče, da se je malo učil), might have left (mogoče sem pustil).
Pazi na "couldn't have + V3" - to pogosteje pomeni, da je bilo nekaj nemogoče, kot samo logični sklep.
💡 Pomembno: May, might in could so pri verjetnosti skoraj enaki - might le malo manj verjeten kot may.
Obveznost, prepoved in svoboda izbire
Ne pusti, da te zmede razlika med "mustn't" in "don't have to" - to je pogosta past na testih! "Mustn't" pomeni prepoved (You mustn't cheat), "don't have to" pa pomeni, da ni obvezno (You don't have to come).
Must izraža notranjo obveznost - to, kar ti sam čutiš (I must study harder). Have to pa zunanjo obveznost, kot so pravila in zakoni (You have to be 18 to drive).
V preteklosti pozabi na "must" za obveznost - vedno uporabi "had to". Must nima pretekle oblike za obveznost, ima jo le za sklepanje.
💡 Trik: Mustn't = prepovedano, don't have to = ni obvezno. To razliko obvladaj kot svoj domači naslov!
Nasveti in kritika preteklosti
Should in ought to sta tvoja orodja za prijazne nasvete (You should get more sleep). Had better je močnejši - skoraj opozorilo (You'd better submit on time, or...).
Ko pa govorimo o preteklosti, pridejo "should have + V3" in "shouldn't have + V3". S tema izražaš obžalovanje ali kritikaš odločitve. "I should have studied more" pomeni, da obžaluješ, ker se nisi dovolj učil.
To so močna orodja za izražanje čustev do preteklih dogodkov. Z njimi pokažeš, da razumeš, kaj bi bilo bolje narediti drugače.
"Could have + V3" ima dva obraza: lahko pomeni možnost v preteklosti (dedukcija) ali neizkoriščeno priložnost. Kontekst ti pove, kateri pomen velja.
💡 Spomin: Should have = obžalovanje, could have = neizkoriščena priložnost ali možnost.
Praktični primeri in analiza
Vzemimo resnične primere: "The museum was free. We didn't have to pay, but we could have left a donation." Tukaj "didn't have to" pomeni, da plačilo ni bilo obvezno. "Could have left" pa pomeni neizkoriščeno možnost.
"Ana looks exhausted. She must have been working all night." Tu "must have been working" kaže na logični sklep z visoko gotovostjo, ki temelji na dokazu (Ana je videti utrujena).
Pozor na pretekle oblike! Must za obveznost v preteklosti ne obstaja - vedno "had to". Can't lahko pomeni prepoved ALI logični sklep, odvisno od konteksta.
Needn't have done pomeni, da si nekaj naredil, a je bilo nepotrebno. Didn't need to do pa pomeni, da nekaj ni bilo potrebno, zato tega verjetno nisi naredil.
💡 Maturaška past: Ne mešaj needn't have (naredil si nepotrebno) in didn't need to (ni bilo treba).
Hitri povzetek za uspeh na maturi
Za gotovost: must be (sedanjost), must have been (preteklost) = 95% prepričanost. Can't be/can't have been = 95% prepričanost, da se nekaj NI zgodilo.
Za možnost: may/might/could be in may/might/could have been = okoli 50% verjetnosti.
Za obveznosti: have to (zunanja), must (notranja, samo sedanjost), had to (preteklost). Mustn't = prepoved, don't have to = ni obvezno.
Za nasvete: should/ought to (splošni nasvet), had better (močan nasvet), should have + V3 (obžalovanje).
Za sposobnost v preteklosti: could (splošna), was/were able to ali managed to (specifičen dogodek).
💡 Zlato pravilo: Vadi s konkretnimi primeri - tako boš na maturi reagiral instinktivno!
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Razumevanje modalnih glagolov in njihovih različnih funkcij
Modalni glagoli so tvoji najboljši prijatelji za natančno izražanje v angleščini - od ugibanja, kaj počne tvoj sošolec, do izražanja obveznosti pri domačih nalogah. Ti posebni pomožni glagoli so ključni za maturo, ker z njimi pokažeš, kako dobro obvladaš angleške... Show more
Modalni glagoli in njihove funkcije
Če se ti zdi, da so modalni glagoli zapleteni, nisi edini - a pravzaprav sledijo jasnim pravilom. Ti pomožni glagoli vedno delajo v tandemu z glavnim glagolem in nikoli ne stojijo sami.
Zapomni si tri zlatna pravila: v 3. osebi ednine ne dodaš končnice -s (He can swim), sledi jim nedoločnik brez "to" (I must go), za vprašanja in nikalnice pa ne rabiš "do" (Can she come?). Edina izjema je "ought to".
Osnovne funkcije vključujejo sposobnost (can, could), dovoljenje (may, can), nasvet (should), obveznost (must, have to) in verjetnost (might, could). En glagol lahko ima več pomenov - to je tisto, kar dela angleščino zanimivo!
💡 Pomni: Kontekst je kralj! Isti modalni glagol lahko pomeni popolnoma različne stvari v različnih situacijah.
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Izražanje gotovosti in verjetnosti
Tukaj se dogaja čarovnija - z modalnimi glagoli postaneš pravi detektiv, ki sklepa na podlagi dokazov. To je najvažnejši del za maturo!
Za skoraj 100% gotovost uporabi "must" (Luči so prižgane. He must be home.). Za negativne sklepe pa "can't" (Pravkar je odšel. He can't be home yet.). Ko si na pol prepričan, izberi "may", "might" ali "could".
V preteklosti dodaš "have + 3. obliko glagola": must have rained (skoraj zagotovo je deževalo), can't have studied (nemogoče, da se je malo učil), might have left (mogoče sem pustil).
Pazi na "couldn't have + V3" - to pogosteje pomeni, da je bilo nekaj nemogoče, kot samo logični sklep.
💡 Pomembno: May, might in could so pri verjetnosti skoraj enaki - might le malo manj verjeten kot may.
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Obveznost, prepoved in svoboda izbire
Ne pusti, da te zmede razlika med "mustn't" in "don't have to" - to je pogosta past na testih! "Mustn't" pomeni prepoved (You mustn't cheat), "don't have to" pa pomeni, da ni obvezno (You don't have to come).
Must izraža notranjo obveznost - to, kar ti sam čutiš (I must study harder). Have to pa zunanjo obveznost, kot so pravila in zakoni (You have to be 18 to drive).
V preteklosti pozabi na "must" za obveznost - vedno uporabi "had to". Must nima pretekle oblike za obveznost, ima jo le za sklepanje.
💡 Trik: Mustn't = prepovedano, don't have to = ni obvezno. To razliko obvladaj kot svoj domači naslov!
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Nasveti in kritika preteklosti
Should in ought to sta tvoja orodja za prijazne nasvete (You should get more sleep). Had better je močnejši - skoraj opozorilo (You'd better submit on time, or...).
Ko pa govorimo o preteklosti, pridejo "should have + V3" in "shouldn't have + V3". S tema izražaš obžalovanje ali kritikaš odločitve. "I should have studied more" pomeni, da obžaluješ, ker se nisi dovolj učil.
To so močna orodja za izražanje čustev do preteklih dogodkov. Z njimi pokažeš, da razumeš, kaj bi bilo bolje narediti drugače.
"Could have + V3" ima dva obraza: lahko pomeni možnost v preteklosti (dedukcija) ali neizkoriščeno priložnost. Kontekst ti pove, kateri pomen velja.
💡 Spomin: Should have = obžalovanje, could have = neizkoriščena priložnost ali možnost.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri in analiza
Vzemimo resnične primere: "The museum was free. We didn't have to pay, but we could have left a donation." Tukaj "didn't have to" pomeni, da plačilo ni bilo obvezno. "Could have left" pa pomeni neizkoriščeno možnost.
"Ana looks exhausted. She must have been working all night." Tu "must have been working" kaže na logični sklep z visoko gotovostjo, ki temelji na dokazu (Ana je videti utrujena).
Pozor na pretekle oblike! Must za obveznost v preteklosti ne obstaja - vedno "had to". Can't lahko pomeni prepoved ALI logični sklep, odvisno od konteksta.
Needn't have done pomeni, da si nekaj naredil, a je bilo nepotrebno. Didn't need to do pa pomeni, da nekaj ni bilo potrebno, zato tega verjetno nisi naredil.
💡 Maturaška past: Ne mešaj needn't have (naredil si nepotrebno) in didn't need to (ni bilo treba).
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Hitri povzetek za uspeh na maturi
Za gotovost: must be (sedanjost), must have been (preteklost) = 95% prepričanost. Can't be/can't have been = 95% prepričanost, da se nekaj NI zgodilo.
Za možnost: may/might/could be in may/might/could have been = okoli 50% verjetnosti.
Za obveznosti: have to (zunanja), must (notranja, samo sedanjost), had to (preteklost). Mustn't = prepoved, don't have to = ni obvezno.
Za nasvete: should/ought to (splošni nasvet), had better (močan nasvet), should have + V3 (obžalovanje).
Za sposobnost v preteklosti: could (splošna), was/were able to ali managed to (specifičen dogodek).
💡 Zlato pravilo: Vadi s konkretnimi primeri - tako boš na maturi reagiral instinktivno!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user