Predstavljaj si deželo, kjer so nastala prva prava mesta na... Show more
Zgodovina
Matematika
Angleščina
Biologija
GeografijaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
55
•
Updated Mar 26, 2026
•
Mezopotamija: Zibelka civilizacije med Evfratom in Tigrisom
1 / 5
Dežela med rekama
Zakaj je Mezopotamija tako posebna? Mezopotamija pomeni "dežela med rekama" in leži med rekama Evfrat in Tigris na območju današnjega Iraka. Ljudje so tu postavili prva mesta na svetu, zato ji rečemo zibelka civilizacije.
Reki sta bili kot naravni supermarket za takratne ljudi. Vsako leto sta poplavljali in pustili rodovitno blato, ki je bilo odlično za gojenje žita. Toda življenje ob rekah ni bilo vedno lahko - poplave so bile včasih nepredvidljive in so uničile pridelke.
Pametni Mezopotamci so rešili ta problem z namakalnim poljedelstvom. Kopali so kanale in jarke ter gradili nasipe, da so nadzorovali vodo. Tako so lahko pridelali dovolj hrane za cele mestne države kot so Ur, Uruk in Babilon.
💡 Vedel si? Namakalni sistem iz Mezopotamije uporabljamo še danes - brez njega ne bi mogli pridelovati hrane v sušnih predelih!
Ljudstva in njihovi dosežki
V Mezopotamiji so živela štiri glavna ljudstva, ki so si sledila skozi zgodovino. Sumerci so bili prvi in najvažnejši - izumili so klinopis, prvo pisavo na svetu, ter kolo. Pisali so s prirezano trstiko v vlažne glinene ploščice.
Akadci so okoli leta 2300 pr. n. št. ustvarili prvi veliki imperij. Za njimi so prišli Babilonci s svojim slavnim kraljem Hamurabijem. Asirci pa so bili znani kot mogočni vojščaki.
V središču vsakega mesta je stal zigurat - velika stopničasta zgradba z templjem na vrhu. Spodaj so bila skladišča za žito in delavnice, kjer so delali obrtniki.
Družba je bila razdeljena kot piramida: na vrhu kralj, pod njim svečeniki in vojskovodje, v sredini trgovci in obrtniki, na dnu pa kmetje in sužnji.
💡 Zanimivost: Klinopis ima ime po klinastih znakih, ki so nastali, ko so v glino vtiskovali trikotno trstiko!
Genialke izumi
Mezopotamci so bili pravi izumitelji! Njihovo kolo je najprej služilo za izdelavo lončenine, šele pozneje za vozove. Plug so vlekli z voli in tako hitreje obdelovali polja.
Njihov koledar je temeljil na Luni in imel 12 mesecev. Razvili so tudi poseben sistem števil na osnovi števila 60 - zato imamo še danes 60 sekund v minuti in 360 stopinj v krogu!
Opazovali so zvezde in planete ter se naučili napovedovati vremenske spremembe. To jim je pomagalo vedeti, kdaj sejati in kdaj žeti.
Vsi ti izumi so nastali, ker so potrebovali praktične rešitve za vsakdanje življenje - od shranjevanja žita do trgovanja z drugimi mesti.
💡 Super dejstvo: Brez mezopotamske matematike danes ne bi imeli ur, kompasa ali celo računalnikov!
Hamurabijev zakonik
Predstavljaj si, da ni nobenih pravil in lahko vsak dela, kar hoče! Babilonski kralj Hamurabi je okoli leta 1800 pr. n. št. napisal prvi zapisani zakonik na svetu. To je bil ogromen napredek, ker so bili zakoni prvič enaki za vse in javno objavljeni.
Hamurabijev zakonik je sledil načelu "oko za oko, zob za zob" - kazen je bila enaka zločinu. Če si nekoga poškodoval, si dobil enako poškodbo. Če si zgradil slabo hišo, ki se je zrušila, si bil za to odgovoren.
Zakonik je bil vklesan v visok kamnit spomenik, da so ga vsi lahko videli in brali. Vseboval je skoraj 300 zakonov, ki so urejali vse od trgovine do družinskih odnosov.
Toda pozor - zakoni niso bili povsem pravični! Bogataši so imeli milejše kazni kot revni ljudje in sužnji. Kljub temu je bil to velik korak naprej v človeški zgodovini.
💡 Pomembno za test: Hamurabijev zakonik je bil prvi zapisani zakon, ki je uvedel načelo "oko za oko"!
Kaj si zapomniti za test
Za uspešno obvladovanje snovi o Mezopotamiji si zapomni ključne podatke. Mezopotamija leži med rekama Evfrat in Tigris in velja za zibelko civilizacije, ker so tu nastala prva mesta.
Sumerci so izumili klinopis (prvo pisavo) in kolo. Hamurabi je babilonski kralj, ki je napisal prvi zakonik z načelom "oko za oko". Zigurat je bil tempelj v središču mesta.
Najpomembnejši izumi so: kolo, plug, pisava, koledar in matematični sistem na osnovi 60. Vse to je nastalo zaradi namakalnega poljedelstva, ki je omogočilo preživetje velikih skupin ljudi.
Življenje je bilo organizirano v mestnih državah, družba pa razdeljena na sloje - od kralja do sužnjev. Ta znanja ti bodo pomagala razumeti, kako so nastale prve civilizacije!
💡 Nasvet za test: Zapomni si povezavo med rekama, namakalnim poljedelstvom in nastankom prvih mest - to je rdeča nit celotne snovi!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Zgodovina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Mezopotamija: Zibelka civilizacije med Evfratom in Tigrisom
Predstavljaj si deželo, kjer so nastala prva prava mesta na svetu! Mezopotamija je bila zibelka civilizacije, kjer so ljudje pred tisočletji izumili pisavo, kolo in prve zakone. Ta starodavna dežela med dvema rekama je spremenila zgodovino človeštva.
Dežela med rekama
Zakaj je Mezopotamija tako posebna? Mezopotamija pomeni "dežela med rekama" in leži med rekama Evfrat in Tigris na območju današnjega Iraka. Ljudje so tu postavili prva mesta na svetu, zato ji rečemo zibelka civilizacije.
Reki sta bili kot naravni supermarket za takratne ljudi. Vsako leto sta poplavljali in pustili rodovitno blato, ki je bilo odlično za gojenje žita. Toda življenje ob rekah ni bilo vedno lahko - poplave so bile včasih nepredvidljive in so uničile pridelke.
Pametni Mezopotamci so rešili ta problem z namakalnim poljedelstvom. Kopali so kanale in jarke ter gradili nasipe, da so nadzorovali vodo. Tako so lahko pridelali dovolj hrane za cele mestne države kot so Ur, Uruk in Babilon.
💡 Vedel si? Namakalni sistem iz Mezopotamije uporabljamo še danes - brez njega ne bi mogli pridelovati hrane v sušnih predelih!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Ljudstva in njihovi dosežki
V Mezopotamiji so živela štiri glavna ljudstva, ki so si sledila skozi zgodovino. Sumerci so bili prvi in najvažnejši - izumili so klinopis, prvo pisavo na svetu, ter kolo. Pisali so s prirezano trstiko v vlažne glinene ploščice.
Akadci so okoli leta 2300 pr. n. št. ustvarili prvi veliki imperij. Za njimi so prišli Babilonci s svojim slavnim kraljem Hamurabijem. Asirci pa so bili znani kot mogočni vojščaki.
V središču vsakega mesta je stal zigurat - velika stopničasta zgradba z templjem na vrhu. Spodaj so bila skladišča za žito in delavnice, kjer so delali obrtniki.
Družba je bila razdeljena kot piramida: na vrhu kralj, pod njim svečeniki in vojskovodje, v sredini trgovci in obrtniki, na dnu pa kmetje in sužnji.
💡 Zanimivost: Klinopis ima ime po klinastih znakih, ki so nastali, ko so v glino vtiskovali trikotno trstiko!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Genialke izumi
Mezopotamci so bili pravi izumitelji! Njihovo kolo je najprej služilo za izdelavo lončenine, šele pozneje za vozove. Plug so vlekli z voli in tako hitreje obdelovali polja.
Njihov koledar je temeljil na Luni in imel 12 mesecev. Razvili so tudi poseben sistem števil na osnovi števila 60 - zato imamo še danes 60 sekund v minuti in 360 stopinj v krogu!
Opazovali so zvezde in planete ter se naučili napovedovati vremenske spremembe. To jim je pomagalo vedeti, kdaj sejati in kdaj žeti.
Vsi ti izumi so nastali, ker so potrebovali praktične rešitve za vsakdanje življenje - od shranjevanja žita do trgovanja z drugimi mesti.
💡 Super dejstvo: Brez mezopotamske matematike danes ne bi imeli ur, kompasa ali celo računalnikov!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Hamurabijev zakonik
Predstavljaj si, da ni nobenih pravil in lahko vsak dela, kar hoče! Babilonski kralj Hamurabi je okoli leta 1800 pr. n. št. napisal prvi zapisani zakonik na svetu. To je bil ogromen napredek, ker so bili zakoni prvič enaki za vse in javno objavljeni.
Hamurabijev zakonik je sledil načelu "oko za oko, zob za zob" - kazen je bila enaka zločinu. Če si nekoga poškodoval, si dobil enako poškodbo. Če si zgradil slabo hišo, ki se je zrušila, si bil za to odgovoren.
Zakonik je bil vklesan v visok kamnit spomenik, da so ga vsi lahko videli in brali. Vseboval je skoraj 300 zakonov, ki so urejali vse od trgovine do družinskih odnosov.
Toda pozor - zakoni niso bili povsem pravični! Bogataši so imeli milejše kazni kot revni ljudje in sužnji. Kljub temu je bil to velik korak naprej v človeški zgodovini.
💡 Pomembno za test: Hamurabijev zakonik je bil prvi zapisani zakon, ki je uvedel načelo "oko za oko"!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Kaj si zapomniti za test
Za uspešno obvladovanje snovi o Mezopotamiji si zapomni ključne podatke. Mezopotamija leži med rekama Evfrat in Tigris in velja za zibelko civilizacije, ker so tu nastala prva mesta.
Sumerci so izumili klinopis (prvo pisavo) in kolo. Hamurabi je babilonski kralj, ki je napisal prvi zakonik z načelom "oko za oko". Zigurat je bil tempelj v središču mesta.
Najpomembnejši izumi so: kolo, plug, pisava, koledar in matematični sistem na osnovi 60. Vse to je nastalo zaradi namakalnega poljedelstva, ki je omogočilo preživetje velikih skupin ljudi.
Življenje je bilo organizirano v mestnih državah, družba pa razdeljena na sloje - od kralja do sužnjev. Ta znanja ti bodo pomagala razumeti, kako so nastale prve civilizacije!
💡 Nasvet za test: Zapomni si povezavo med rekama, namakalnim poljedelstvom in nastankom prvih mest - to je rdeča nit celotne snovi!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Zgodovina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user