Subjects
Maths
Chemistry
Biology
English Language
History
Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
Homeostasis and response
Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
Organisation
Substance exchange
Bioenergetics
Genetic information & variation
Inheritance, variation and evolution
Genetics & ecosystems (a2 only)
Ecology
Cells
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
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Biology
28 Dec 2025
658
1 page
๐จ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ @anoushka047
The circulatory system is a complex network that ensures blood flow throughout the body, with the heart as... Show more
The heart is a powerful muscular organ central to the circulatory system, responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. This page provides an overview of the heart's structure, the path of blood flow, and the adaptations of red blood cells that make efficient circulation possible.
The heart consists of several key components that work together to ensure proper blood flow
Vocabulary Valves in the heart prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring that blood moves in the correct direction through the chambers.
The blood flow through the body step by step follows a specific path through the heart
Highlight The pulmonary system is unique in that its arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while its veins return oxygenated blood to the heart.
Red blood cells (RBCs) have several adaptations of red blood cells that enhance their oxygen-carrying capacity
Example The biconcave shape of red blood cells allows them to squeeze through capillaries that are narrower than the cells themselves, ensuring oxygen delivery to all tissues.
The circulatory system includes three main types of blood vessels
Definition Gas exchange is the process where oxygen from the lungs diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli for exhalation.
Understanding the intricate workings of the heart and circulatory system is essential for appreciating how our bodies maintain life through continuous blood flow and oxygen delivery.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
21
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: โ 50+ Practice Questions โ Interactive Flashcards โ Full Mock Exam โ Essay Outlines
Explore the essential mechanisms of homeostasis in the human body, including the roles of receptors, coordination centers, and effectors. This summary covers key concepts such as negative feedback, blood glucose regulation, and temperature control, providing a clear understanding of how the body maintains optimal conditions for cellular function. Ideal for GCSE Biology students.
BiologyExplore the structure and function of the human excretory system, including the kidneys, urinary system, and the role of ADH in osmoregulation. This summary covers key concepts such as nephron structure, ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, and the composition of urine. Ideal for Edexcel IGCSE Biology students preparing for exams.
BiologyExplore the mechanisms of kidney function, focusing on the Loop of Henle, osmoregulation, and the role of ADH in maintaining water balance. This summary covers key concepts such as hypertonic urine, aquaporins, and negative feedback in homeostasis, essential for AQA A level biology.
BiologyExplore the essential roles of kidneys in filtering blood, regulating water and ion levels, and the process of deamination. This summary covers nephron structure, filtration, selective reabsorption, and the role of ADH in maintaining homeostasis. Ideal for GCSE biology students.
BiologyExplore the anatomy and physiology of the kidney, focusing on the nephron's role in urine production and osmoregulation. This summary covers key concepts such as the renal cortex, medulla, and the function of ADH in regulating water balance. Ideal for biology students studying the excretory system.
BiologyExplore the essential treatments for kidney failure, focusing on kidney dialysis and transplantation. This summary covers the processes involved, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and key considerations for patients. Ideal for students studying renal health and treatment options.
BiologyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
๐จ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
@anoushka047
The circulatory system is a complex network that ensures blood flow throughout the body, with the heart as its central pump. This summary explores the heart's structure, blood flow, and the adaptations of red blood cells for efficient oxygen transport.... Show more
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The heart is a powerful muscular organ central to the circulatory system, responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. This page provides an overview of the heart's structure, the path of blood flow, and the adaptations of red blood cells that make efficient circulation possible.
The heart consists of several key components that work together to ensure proper blood flow:
Vocabulary: Valves in the heart prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring that blood moves in the correct direction through the chambers.
The blood flow through the body step by step follows a specific path through the heart:
Highlight: The pulmonary system is unique in that its arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while its veins return oxygenated blood to the heart.
Red blood cells (RBCs) have several adaptations of red blood cells that enhance their oxygen-carrying capacity:
Example: The biconcave shape of red blood cells allows them to squeeze through capillaries that are narrower than the cells themselves, ensuring oxygen delivery to all tissues.
The circulatory system includes three main types of blood vessels:
Definition: Gas exchange is the process where oxygen from the lungs diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli for exhalation.
Understanding the intricate workings of the heart and circulatory system is essential for appreciating how our bodies maintain life through continuous blood flow and oxygen delivery.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
21
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: โ 50+ Practice Questions โ Interactive Flashcards โ Full Mock Exam โ Essay Outlines
Explore the essential mechanisms of homeostasis in the human body, including the roles of receptors, coordination centers, and effectors. This summary covers key concepts such as negative feedback, blood glucose regulation, and temperature control, providing a clear understanding of how the body maintains optimal conditions for cellular function. Ideal for GCSE Biology students.
BiologyExplore the structure and function of the human excretory system, including the kidneys, urinary system, and the role of ADH in osmoregulation. This summary covers key concepts such as nephron structure, ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, and the composition of urine. Ideal for Edexcel IGCSE Biology students preparing for exams.
BiologyExplore the mechanisms of kidney function, focusing on the Loop of Henle, osmoregulation, and the role of ADH in maintaining water balance. This summary covers key concepts such as hypertonic urine, aquaporins, and negative feedback in homeostasis, essential for AQA A level biology.
BiologyExplore the essential roles of kidneys in filtering blood, regulating water and ion levels, and the process of deamination. This summary covers nephron structure, filtration, selective reabsorption, and the role of ADH in maintaining homeostasis. Ideal for GCSE biology students.
BiologyExplore the anatomy and physiology of the kidney, focusing on the nephron's role in urine production and osmoregulation. This summary covers key concepts such as the renal cortex, medulla, and the function of ADH in regulating water balance. Ideal for biology students studying the excretory system.
BiologyExplore the essential treatments for kidney failure, focusing on kidney dialysis and transplantation. This summary covers the processes involved, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and key considerations for patients. Ideal for students studying renal health and treatment options.
BiologyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology