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Psychology

Learning and Memory

Memory Processes and Encoding

Types of Memory (E.G. Sensory, Short-Term Long-Term)

118

•

11 Jan 2023

•

3 pages

Why Our Brains Remember Better in Certain Places: The Godden and Baddeley Memory Experiment

M

Mathilde Taylor

@mathildetaylor_sbis

Overall Summary

Context-dependent memoryin psychological experiments reveals how environmental... Show more

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Page 2: Results and Conclusions

This page presents the results and conclusions of the experiment on context-dependent memory in two natural environments: silent and noisy conditions.

Key findings include:

  1. Participants in all conditions spent an equal amount of time reading the article.
  2. Performance was better on multiple-choice questions than short-answer questions.
  3. Higher test scores were achieved in matching conditions compared to mismatching conditions.
  4. A significant environmental context effect was observed for both types of tests.
  5. Background noise did not have a negative effect on studying.

Quote: "Participants got higher test scores on the matching conditions than on the mismatching conditions."

The mean percentage correct on both tests for each condition:

  • Silent-silent: 81%
  • Noisy-Noisy: 79%
  • Silent-Noisy: 67%
  • Noisy-Silent: 70%

Highlight: The results suggest that context-dependent memory effects occur for meaningful material, and both recognition and recall are affected by environmental context.

Vocabulary: State-dependent memory is a related concept where the internal state e.g.,mood,drug−inducedstatee.g., mood, drug-induced state during encoding affects recall when in the same state.

The experiment concludes that environmental context dependency effects are significant for meaningful material, and background noise does not have a detrimental effect on studying.

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Page 3: Summary and Additional Details

This page provides a comprehensive summary of the laboratory experiment on context-dependent memory retrieval, reinforcing key aspects of the study design, procedure, and results.

The experiment's background focuses on environmental context dependency, where a place acts as a cue to recall information and memories. The design employs four conditions to test the effects of matching and mismatching environments during reading and testing phases.

Definition: State-dependent forgetting occurs when information learned in one state is difficult to recall when in a different state.

Key results reiterated:

  1. All conditions spent a similar amount of time reading the article.
  2. Performance was better on multiple-choice than short-answer questions.
  3. Higher scores were achieved in matching conditions.
  4. A significant environmental context effect was observed for both types of tests.
  5. Background noise did not negatively affect studying.

Example: The Grant context-dependent memory study, like the Godden and Baddeley context-dependent memory experiment, demonstrates how environmental cues influence recall.

The procedure is detailed, emphasizing the use of standardized instructions, headphones for all participants, and a two-minute break between reading and testing to minimize short-term memory recall.

Highlight: This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of noise in education and provides insights into optimizing learning environments.

The conclusions reinforce that context-dependent memory effects occur for meaningful material, affecting both recognition and recall, and that background noise does not appear to have a detrimental effect on studying.

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Page 1: Experimental Design and Procedure

This page outlines the background, design, and procedure of a laboratory experiment on context-dependent memory retrieval. The study aims to investigate the environmental context dependency effects on recall in psychological experiments.

The experiment employs an independent measures design with four conditions:

  1. Read in silence, test in silence
  2. Read with background noise, test with background noise
  3. Read in silence, test with background noise
  4. Read with background noise, test in silence

The sample consists of 39 participants recruited through an opportunity sample, with ages ranging from 17 to 56 years mean23.4mean 23.4, including 17 females and 22 males.

Definition: Context-dependent memory refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to the environment are the same during encoding and retrieval.

The procedure involves two phases:

  1. Participants read an article on psychoimmunology while wearing headphones, either in silence or with background noise.
  2. After a two-minute break, participants are tested on their recall using short answer and multiple-choice questions.

Highlight: The study focuses on the effect of background noise on test performance, using materials and tests typically encountered in school settings.

Example: The "noisy" condition was created by recording students in a cafeteria, simulating a realistic study environment.



Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

Subjects

Psychology

Learning and Memory

Memory Processes and Encoding

Types of Memory (E.G. Sensory, Short-Term Long-Term)

 

Psychology

•

118

•

11 Jan 2023

•

3 pages

Why Our Brains Remember Better in Certain Places: The Godden and Baddeley Memory Experiment

M

Mathilde Taylor

@mathildetaylor_sbis

Overall Summary

Context-dependent memory in psychological experiments reveals how environmental cues impact recall. The Godden and Baddeley (1975) experiment is a seminal study in this field. This summary explores a laboratory experiment on context-dependent memory retrieval, examining the impact... Show more

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 2: Results and Conclusions

This page presents the results and conclusions of the experiment on context-dependent memory in two natural environments: silent and noisy conditions.

Key findings include:

  1. Participants in all conditions spent an equal amount of time reading the article.
  2. Performance was better on multiple-choice questions than short-answer questions.
  3. Higher test scores were achieved in matching conditions compared to mismatching conditions.
  4. A significant environmental context effect was observed for both types of tests.
  5. Background noise did not have a negative effect on studying.

Quote: "Participants got higher test scores on the matching conditions than on the mismatching conditions."

The mean percentage correct on both tests for each condition:

  • Silent-silent: 81%
  • Noisy-Noisy: 79%
  • Silent-Noisy: 67%
  • Noisy-Silent: 70%

Highlight: The results suggest that context-dependent memory effects occur for meaningful material, and both recognition and recall are affected by environmental context.

Vocabulary: State-dependent memory is a related concept where the internal state e.g.,mood,drug−inducedstatee.g., mood, drug-induced state during encoding affects recall when in the same state.

The experiment concludes that environmental context dependency effects are significant for meaningful material, and background noise does not have a detrimental effect on studying.

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 3: Summary and Additional Details

This page provides a comprehensive summary of the laboratory experiment on context-dependent memory retrieval, reinforcing key aspects of the study design, procedure, and results.

The experiment's background focuses on environmental context dependency, where a place acts as a cue to recall information and memories. The design employs four conditions to test the effects of matching and mismatching environments during reading and testing phases.

Definition: State-dependent forgetting occurs when information learned in one state is difficult to recall when in a different state.

Key results reiterated:

  1. All conditions spent a similar amount of time reading the article.
  2. Performance was better on multiple-choice than short-answer questions.
  3. Higher scores were achieved in matching conditions.
  4. A significant environmental context effect was observed for both types of tests.
  5. Background noise did not negatively affect studying.

Example: The Grant context-dependent memory study, like the Godden and Baddeley context-dependent memory experiment, demonstrates how environmental cues influence recall.

The procedure is detailed, emphasizing the use of standardized instructions, headphones for all participants, and a two-minute break between reading and testing to minimize short-term memory recall.

Highlight: This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of noise in education and provides insights into optimizing learning environments.

The conclusions reinforce that context-dependent memory effects occur for meaningful material, affecting both recognition and recall, and that background noise does not appear to have a detrimental effect on studying.

Background environmental context-dependency effect 4) improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to t

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 1: Experimental Design and Procedure

This page outlines the background, design, and procedure of a laboratory experiment on context-dependent memory retrieval. The study aims to investigate the environmental context dependency effects on recall in psychological experiments.

The experiment employs an independent measures design with four conditions:

  1. Read in silence, test in silence
  2. Read with background noise, test with background noise
  3. Read in silence, test with background noise
  4. Read with background noise, test in silence

The sample consists of 39 participants recruited through an opportunity sample, with ages ranging from 17 to 56 years mean23.4mean 23.4, including 17 females and 22 males.

Definition: Context-dependent memory refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when contextual cues relating to the environment are the same during encoding and retrieval.

The procedure involves two phases:

  1. Participants read an article on psychoimmunology while wearing headphones, either in silence or with background noise.
  2. After a two-minute break, participants are tested on their recall using short answer and multiple-choice questions.

Highlight: The study focuses on the effect of background noise on test performance, using materials and tests typically encountered in school settings.

Example: The "noisy" condition was created by recording students in a cafeteria, simulating a realistic study environment.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user