Vocabulary: Barber-surgeon - A medical practitioner who performed surgical procedures and basic medical care in medieval Europe.

Highlight: Paré discovered that treating wounds with a mixture of egg whites, turpentine, and rose oil was more effective than the traditional method of cauterizing with hot oil.

Example: His techniques for stitching wounds are still influential in modern surgery.

Quote: "He is considered one of the fathers of surgery and a pioneer in surgical techniques and battlefield medicine."

Highlight: Harvey discovered that blood moves in one direction through the body, pumped by the heart through arteries and returning through veins.

Definition: Systemic circulation refers to the movement of blood through the entire body, powered by the heart's pumping action.

Example: Harvey studied valve structures in veins to prove one-way blood flow.

Quote: "He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and the rest of the body by the heart."

Highlight: Vesalius conducted actual human dissections, unlike Galen who had based his theories on animal dissections, particularly pigs.

Example: Vesalius discovered that human livers lack the lobes described by Galen, and that the human heart's septum does not have holes for blood passage.

Definition: Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.

Quote: "On the Fabric of the Human Body" (1543) was Vesalius's groundbreaking anatomical work.