The evolution of the Earth's atmosphere over billion yearstransformed... Show more
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
10
0
A
Annie Owen-Stiff
09/07/2022
Chemistry
chemistry C9- Evolution of the atmosphere
265
•
9 Jul 2022
•
How Earth's Air Changed, Greenhouse Gases Hurt, and Ways to Help!
A
Annie Owen-Stiff
@annieowenstiff_dvtk
1 / 7
Phase 2: Formation of Oceans and Carbon Sequestration
The second phase of atmospheric evolution was marked by significant changes in the Earth's surface and composition. This period saw the formation of oceans and the beginning of carbon sequestration processes.
As the Earth cooled, the water vapor in the atmosphere began to condense, forming the planet's oceans. This process had a profound effect on the atmospheric composition, as large amounts of CO₂ were removed from the air by dissolving in the newly formed oceans. The dissolved CO₂ underwent a series of chemical reactions, forming carbon precipitates that settled on the seabed as sediments.
During this phase, the first green plants and algae evolved. These organisms played a crucial role in further reducing atmospheric CO₂ levels by absorbing it for photosynthesis. Some of the carbon absorbed by these early life forms eventually became fossil fuels after their death and burial.
Definition: Carbon sequestration - The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Example: The formation of limestone deposits on the ocean floor is an example of natural carbon sequestration.
Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change
Greenhouse gases, primarily CO₂, methane, and water vapor, play a significant role in regulating Earth's temperature. These gases act as an insulating layer in the Earth's atmosphere, trapping heat and contributing to the greenhouse effect.
The impact of greenhouse gases on climate change is substantial. These gases don't absorb short-wavelength radiation but do absorb and re-radiate long-wavelength radiation in all directions, including back to Earth. This process, known as the greenhouse effect, warms the planet.
Human activities have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to accelerated climate change. Some key factors contributing to this increase include:
- Burning of fossil fuels
- Deforestation, which reduces CO₂ absorption through photosynthesis
- Agriculture, particularly livestock farming, which increases methane emissions
- Waste creation and decomposition, releasing CO₂ and methane
Highlight: The impact of greenhouse gases on climate change is evident in rising sea levels, changes in rainfall patterns, and increased frequency and severity of storms.
Phase 3: Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere
The third phase of atmospheric evolution saw a dramatic increase in oxygen levels, leading to the composition similar to what we have today.
About 200 million years ago, the Earth's atmosphere reached a composition similar to its current state. This transformation was primarily driven by the proliferation of plants and algae, which produced oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.
The current atmosphere consists of approximately 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen, with small amounts of other gases, including CO₂, noble gases, and water vapor.
Quote: "200 million years ago atmosphere reached a composition similar to one it is today."
Carbon Footprints and Reduction Methods
Carbon footprints are a measure of the total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product. Measuring carbon footprints can be challenging due to the many factors involved, from sourcing materials to disposal.
There are various methods to reduce carbon footprints and emissions, including:
- Transitioning to renewable energy sources
- Implementing more efficient processes to conserve energy
- Reducing waste production
- Government regulations on emissions
Governments often implement policies to cap emissions of greenhouse gases and may tax companies based on the amount of greenhouse gases they produce.
Definition: Carbon footprint - The total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities, usually expressed in equivalent tons of carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Example: Choosing to cycle instead of drive, or using energy-efficient appliances are ways individuals can reduce their carbon footprint.
Carbon Footprint Assessment
Understanding and measuring carbon footprints involves complex calculations considering multiple factors throughout product lifecycles.
Definition: Carbon footprint represents the total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, or product.
Reduction Strategies and Government Action
Various approaches are being implemented to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change.
Example: Key strategies include:
- Adoption of renewable energy sources
- Implementation of more efficient industrial processes
- Energy conservation measures
- Government regulations on greenhouse gas emissions
- Waste reduction initiatives
Phase 1: The Early Atmosphere
The first billion years of Earth's history saw the formation of its early atmosphere through intense volcanic activity. This period was characterized by the release of various gases that would shape the planet's future.
During this phase, the Earth's surface was covered in volcanoes that erupted continuously, releasing large amounts of gases into the atmosphere. These gases primarily consisted of carbon dioxide (CO₂), with virtually no oxygen present. Additionally, the volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, water vapor, and small amounts of methane and ammonia.
Highlight: The early Earth's atmosphere was predominantly composed of carbon dioxide, with no oxygen present.
Vocabulary: Volcanic eruptions - The ejection of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
How Earth's Air Changed, Greenhouse Gases Hurt, and Ways to Help!
A
Annie Owen-Stiff
@annieowenstiff_dvtk
The evolution of the Earth's atmosphere over billion years transformed from a volcanic CO₂-rich environment to our current breathable atmosphere, highlighting the crucial role of plant life and the growing concern about the impact of greenhouse gases on climate change... Show more
Phase 2: Formation of Oceans and Carbon Sequestration
The second phase of atmospheric evolution was marked by significant changes in the Earth's surface and composition. This period saw the formation of oceans and the beginning of carbon sequestration processes.
As the Earth cooled, the water vapor in the atmosphere began to condense, forming the planet's oceans. This process had a profound effect on the atmospheric composition, as large amounts of CO₂ were removed from the air by dissolving in the newly formed oceans. The dissolved CO₂ underwent a series of chemical reactions, forming carbon precipitates that settled on the seabed as sediments.
During this phase, the first green plants and algae evolved. These organisms played a crucial role in further reducing atmospheric CO₂ levels by absorbing it for photosynthesis. Some of the carbon absorbed by these early life forms eventually became fossil fuels after their death and burial.
Definition: Carbon sequestration - The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Example: The formation of limestone deposits on the ocean floor is an example of natural carbon sequestration.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change
Greenhouse gases, primarily CO₂, methane, and water vapor, play a significant role in regulating Earth's temperature. These gases act as an insulating layer in the Earth's atmosphere, trapping heat and contributing to the greenhouse effect.
The impact of greenhouse gases on climate change is substantial. These gases don't absorb short-wavelength radiation but do absorb and re-radiate long-wavelength radiation in all directions, including back to Earth. This process, known as the greenhouse effect, warms the planet.
Human activities have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to accelerated climate change. Some key factors contributing to this increase include:
- Burning of fossil fuels
- Deforestation, which reduces CO₂ absorption through photosynthesis
- Agriculture, particularly livestock farming, which increases methane emissions
- Waste creation and decomposition, releasing CO₂ and methane
Highlight: The impact of greenhouse gases on climate change is evident in rising sea levels, changes in rainfall patterns, and increased frequency and severity of storms.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Phase 3: Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere
The third phase of atmospheric evolution saw a dramatic increase in oxygen levels, leading to the composition similar to what we have today.
About 200 million years ago, the Earth's atmosphere reached a composition similar to its current state. This transformation was primarily driven by the proliferation of plants and algae, which produced oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.
The current atmosphere consists of approximately 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen, with small amounts of other gases, including CO₂, noble gases, and water vapor.
Quote: "200 million years ago atmosphere reached a composition similar to one it is today."
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Carbon Footprints and Reduction Methods
Carbon footprints are a measure of the total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product. Measuring carbon footprints can be challenging due to the many factors involved, from sourcing materials to disposal.
There are various methods to reduce carbon footprints and emissions, including:
- Transitioning to renewable energy sources
- Implementing more efficient processes to conserve energy
- Reducing waste production
- Government regulations on emissions
Governments often implement policies to cap emissions of greenhouse gases and may tax companies based on the amount of greenhouse gases they produce.
Definition: Carbon footprint - The total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities, usually expressed in equivalent tons of carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Example: Choosing to cycle instead of drive, or using energy-efficient appliances are ways individuals can reduce their carbon footprint.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Carbon Footprint Assessment
Understanding and measuring carbon footprints involves complex calculations considering multiple factors throughout product lifecycles.
Definition: Carbon footprint represents the total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, or product.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Reduction Strategies and Government Action
Various approaches are being implemented to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change.
Example: Key strategies include:
- Adoption of renewable energy sources
- Implementation of more efficient industrial processes
- Energy conservation measures
- Government regulations on greenhouse gas emissions
- Waste reduction initiatives
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Phase 1: The Early Atmosphere
The first billion years of Earth's history saw the formation of its early atmosphere through intense volcanic activity. This period was characterized by the release of various gases that would shape the planet's future.
During this phase, the Earth's surface was covered in volcanoes that erupted continuously, releasing large amounts of gases into the atmosphere. These gases primarily consisted of carbon dioxide (CO₂), with virtually no oxygen present. Additionally, the volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, water vapor, and small amounts of methane and ammonia.
Highlight: The early Earth's atmosphere was predominantly composed of carbon dioxide, with no oxygen present.
Vocabulary: Volcanic eruptions - The ejection of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user