Strojna oprema je vse, česar se lahko fizično dotakneš na... Show more
Tehnika
Matematika
Angleščina
Geografija
BiologijaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
14
•
Updated Apr 3, 2026
•
Osnovni elementi računalnika
1 / 6
Uvod v strojno opremo
Predstavljaj si strojno opremo kot Lego kocke, iz katerih sestaviš svoj računalnik. Vsaka kocka ima svojo nalogo, skupaj pa tvorijo delujočo celoto.
Matična plošča je kot temelj hiše - nanjo priklopiš vse ostale dele. Povezuje procesor, pomnilnik in ostale komponente, da lahko komunicirajo med seboj.
💡 Pomembno: Brez strojne opreme bi bili vsi tvoji programi, igre in Windows popolnoma neuporabni!
Ključne komponente, ki jih moraš poznati, so procesor (možgani računalnika), RAM (hiter začasen spomin), disk (trajno shranjevanje) ter vhodne in izhodne enote (miška, tipkovnica, monitor).
Procesor - možgani računalnika
Procesor (CPU) je absolutno najpomembnejši del - izvaja vse izračune in ukaze, ki jih zahtevajo programi. Njegova hitrost se meri v gigahercih (GHz).
Sodobni procesorji imajo več jeder - to je kot imeti več kuharjev v kuhinji namesto enega. Z dvema jedroma zvladaš osnovno delo, 4-6 jeder je odličnih za igre, 8+ jeder pa potrebuješ za urejanje videoposnetkov.
Glavna proizvajalca sta Intel (Core i3, i5, i7, i9) in AMD (Ryzen 3, 5, 7, 9). Višji številki pomenita večjo zmogljivost.
💡 Nasvet: Več jeder ne pomeni vedno hitrejšega računalnika - odvisno je od programa, ki ga uporabljaš!
Delovni pomnilnik (RAM)
RAM je kot tvoja delovna miza - hitro dosegaš vse, kar rabiš, ampak prostor je omejen. Je super hiter, vendar začasen - ko ugasneš računalnik, se vse izbriše.
Za šolsko delo zadošča 8 GB RAM-a, za igre pa je priporočenih 16 GB. Več RAM-a pomeni, da imaš lahko hkrati odprtih več programov brez upočasnitve.
Pomembno: RAM ni isto kot disk! RAM je začasen, disk pa trajno shranjuje tvoje datoteke.
💡 Pomni: Vedno shrani svoje delo na disk, sicer se bo ob izpadu elektrike izgubilo!
Enote za shranjevanje
Za trajno shranjevanje podatkov imaš dve možnosti: trdi disk (HDD) in SSD.
HDD ima vrtljive plošče in je cenejši za večje kapacitete, vendar počasnejši. SSD nima gibljivih delov, je veliko hitrejši in odpornejši na udarce, vendar dražji.
Danes je idealna kombinacija manjši SSD za sistem in programe ter večji HDD za filme in fotografije. SSD bo naredil tvoj računalnik občutno hitrejši.
💡 Zlato pravilo: Operacijski sistem vedno namesti na SSD - računalnik se bo zagnal v nekaj sekundah namesto minutah!
Vhodno-izhodne enote
Vhodne enote so kot tvoji "govorni organi" do računalnika: tipkovnica, miška, mikrofon in spletna kamera. Z njimi vnašaš podatke.
Izhodne enote so računalnikovi "govorni organi": monitor, zvočniki, tiskalnik. Te ti prikazujejo rezultate.
Nekatere enote so kombinirane - zaslon na dotik je hkrati vhodna in izhodna enota.
Grafična kartica je posebna izhodna enota, ki skrbi za prikaz na monitorju. Za igre potrebuješ zmogljivo grafično kartico.
💡 Zanimivost: Mrežna kartica je tudi kombinirana enota - pošilja in sprejema podatke preko interneta!
Praktični primeri in nasveti
Za šolo: Intel Core i3, 8 GB RAM, 256 GB SSD - enostavno, zanesljivo, cenovno dostopno.
Za igre: Intel i5/i7, 16 GB RAM, 1 TB SSD, zmogljiva grafična kartica - tu je ravnotežje ključno.
Pazi na ozko grlo - če je ena komponenta preveč šibka, zavira cel sistem. Super procesor z počasnim diskom bo še vedno počasen.
Napajalnik je pogosto spregledana komponenta, vendar kritična - zagotavlja stabilno delovanje vsem delom.
💡 Za test zapomni: RAM je hiter in začasen, disk je počasen in trajen, procesor je možgani, vhodne enote vnašajo, izhodne prikazujejo podatke!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Tehnika
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Osnovni elementi računalnika
Strojna oprema je vse, česar se lahko fizično dotakneš na računalniku - od procesorja do miške. Brez te opreme tvoji najljubši programi in igre sploh ne bi mogli delovati. Je kot telo računalnika, medtem ko so programi njegovi možgani in... Show more
Uvod v strojno opremo
Predstavljaj si strojno opremo kot Lego kocke, iz katerih sestaviš svoj računalnik. Vsaka kocka ima svojo nalogo, skupaj pa tvorijo delujočo celoto.
Matična plošča je kot temelj hiše - nanjo priklopiš vse ostale dele. Povezuje procesor, pomnilnik in ostale komponente, da lahko komunicirajo med seboj.
💡 Pomembno: Brez strojne opreme bi bili vsi tvoji programi, igre in Windows popolnoma neuporabni!
Ključne komponente, ki jih moraš poznati, so procesor (možgani računalnika), RAM (hiter začasen spomin), disk (trajno shranjevanje) ter vhodne in izhodne enote (miška, tipkovnica, monitor).
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Procesor - možgani računalnika
Procesor (CPU) je absolutno najpomembnejši del - izvaja vse izračune in ukaze, ki jih zahtevajo programi. Njegova hitrost se meri v gigahercih (GHz).
Sodobni procesorji imajo več jeder - to je kot imeti več kuharjev v kuhinji namesto enega. Z dvema jedroma zvladaš osnovno delo, 4-6 jeder je odličnih za igre, 8+ jeder pa potrebuješ za urejanje videoposnetkov.
Glavna proizvajalca sta Intel (Core i3, i5, i7, i9) in AMD (Ryzen 3, 5, 7, 9). Višji številki pomenita večjo zmogljivost.
💡 Nasvet: Več jeder ne pomeni vedno hitrejšega računalnika - odvisno je od programa, ki ga uporabljaš!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Delovni pomnilnik (RAM)
RAM je kot tvoja delovna miza - hitro dosegaš vse, kar rabiš, ampak prostor je omejen. Je super hiter, vendar začasen - ko ugasneš računalnik, se vse izbriše.
Za šolsko delo zadošča 8 GB RAM-a, za igre pa je priporočenih 16 GB. Več RAM-a pomeni, da imaš lahko hkrati odprtih več programov brez upočasnitve.
Pomembno: RAM ni isto kot disk! RAM je začasen, disk pa trajno shranjuje tvoje datoteke.
💡 Pomni: Vedno shrani svoje delo na disk, sicer se bo ob izpadu elektrike izgubilo!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Enote za shranjevanje
Za trajno shranjevanje podatkov imaš dve možnosti: trdi disk (HDD) in SSD.
HDD ima vrtljive plošče in je cenejši za večje kapacitete, vendar počasnejši. SSD nima gibljivih delov, je veliko hitrejši in odpornejši na udarce, vendar dražji.
Danes je idealna kombinacija manjši SSD za sistem in programe ter večji HDD za filme in fotografije. SSD bo naredil tvoj računalnik občutno hitrejši.
💡 Zlato pravilo: Operacijski sistem vedno namesti na SSD - računalnik se bo zagnal v nekaj sekundah namesto minutah!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Vhodno-izhodne enote
Vhodne enote so kot tvoji "govorni organi" do računalnika: tipkovnica, miška, mikrofon in spletna kamera. Z njimi vnašaš podatke.
Izhodne enote so računalnikovi "govorni organi": monitor, zvočniki, tiskalnik. Te ti prikazujejo rezultate.
Nekatere enote so kombinirane - zaslon na dotik je hkrati vhodna in izhodna enota.
Grafična kartica je posebna izhodna enota, ki skrbi za prikaz na monitorju. Za igre potrebuješ zmogljivo grafično kartico.
💡 Zanimivost: Mrežna kartica je tudi kombinirana enota - pošilja in sprejema podatke preko interneta!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri in nasveti
Za šolo: Intel Core i3, 8 GB RAM, 256 GB SSD - enostavno, zanesljivo, cenovno dostopno.
Za igre: Intel i5/i7, 16 GB RAM, 1 TB SSD, zmogljiva grafična kartica - tu je ravnotežje ključno.
Pazi na ozko grlo - če je ena komponenta preveč šibka, zavira cel sistem. Super procesor z počasnim diskom bo še vedno počasen.
Napajalnik je pogosto spregledana komponenta, vendar kritična - zagotavlja stabilno delovanje vsem delom.
💡 Za test zapomni: RAM je hiter in začasen, disk je počasen in trajen, procesor je možgani, vhodne enote vnašajo, izhodne prikazujejo podatke!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Tehnika
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user