Računalniška omrežja so danes povsod okoli nas - od Wi-Fi-ja... Show more
Tehnika
Matematika
Angleščina
Geografija
BiologijaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
4
•
Updated Apr 3, 2026
•
Osnove računalniških omrežij: LAN in WAN
1 / 5
Uvod v računalniška omrežja
Računalniško omrežje je skupina povezanih računalnikov in naprav (telefoni, tiskalniki), ki si lahko izmenjujejo podatke. Predstavljaj si to kot digitalno cesto, po kateri potujejo informacije med napravami.
Glavni namen omrežja je delitev virov - lahko tiskamo z več računalnikov na en tiskalnik ali si pošiljamo datoteke brez USB ključka. Največje omrežje, ki ga poznaš, je seveda internet.
Ključni pojmi, ki jih moraš znati:
- Odjemalec (Client) - tvoj brskalnik, ko odpreš spletno stran
- Strežnik (Server) - zmogljiv računalnik, ki shranjuje spletne strani
- Usmerjevalnik (Router) - povezuje tvoje domače omrežje z internetom
- IP naslov - unikatna številka naprave (kot hišni naslov za pošto)
💡 Tip: IP naslov je kot telefonska številka za računalnike - vsaka naprava potrebuje svojo, da ve, kam poslati podatke!
Vrste omrežij - LAN in WAN
Lokalno omrežje (LAN) pokriva majhno območje kot je tvoj dom ali šola. Naprave povezuješ z Ethernet kabli ali Wi-Fi-jem. Podatki se izmenjujejo super hitro, ker so vse naprave blizu.
Tvoje domače omrežje je popoln primer - računalnik, telefon in pametni TV so povezani na isti router. Tako lahko z telefona pošlješ dokument na tiskalnik ali gledaš filme iz računalnika na TV-ju.
Prostrano omrežje (WAN) pa povezuje več LAN omrežij na velikem območju - preko mest, držav, celin. Uporablja javno infrastrukturo kot so optični kabli in sateliti.
🎯 Za test: Glavna razlika je v velikosti in hitrosti - LAN je majhen in hiter, WAN velik in počasnejši!
Kako deluje internet
Internet je največje WAN omrežje na svetu, ki deluje po principu preklapljanja paketov. Tvoja sporočila se ne pošljejo v enem kosu!
Ko pošlješ sliko, se ta razdeli na manjše dele - pakete. Vsak paket dobi "ovojnico" z naslovom pošiljatelja in prejemnika. Usmerjevalniki po svetu berejo te naslove in pakete pošiljajo naprej - včasih po različnih poteh!
Na cilju se paketi spet sestavijo v prvotno sporočilo. Če se kateri paket izgubi, ga računalnik zahteva ponovno. To je zelo zanesljiv sistem.
Model odjemalec-strežnik je osnova interneta - tvoj brskalnik (odjemalec) zahteva spletno stran, strežnik mu jo pošlje nazaj.
🚀 Zanimivost: Paketi tvoje slike lahko potujejo preko treh različnih celin, preden prispejo do prijatelja!
Praktični primeri iz življenja
Odpiranje spletne strani: Ko vpišeš www.sola.si, tvoj računalnik ne pozna IP naslova te strani. Vpraša DNS strežnik (kot telefonski imenik), ki mu pove pravi IP naslov.
Šele nato tvoj brskalnik pošlje zahtevo na strežnik šole, ta pa ti vrne spletno stran v obliki paketov. Brskalnik jih sestavi in prikaže stran.
Domače omrežje: Tvoj router povezuje vse domače naprave. Računalnik je povezan s kablom za stabilnost, telefon in tablica z Wi-Fi-jem.
Vse naprave imajo svoj lokalni IP naslov (192.168.1.10, 192.168.1.11), router pa ima en javni IP naslov, ki ga vidi ves internet. Tako lahko z enega internetnega priključka uporabljajo internet vse naprave.
⚡ Praktično: S telefona lahko tiskamo na domači tiskalnik, ker sta v istem LAN omrežju!
Pomembne razlike in varnost
Internet ≠ World Wide Web! To je pogosta napaka na testih. Internet je fizično omrežje kablov in usmerjevalnikov - infrastruktura. WWW so spletne strani, ki jih gledaš v brskalniku.
IP naslov vs. MAC naslov: IP naslov se lahko spremeni (logični naslov), MAC naslov pa je nespremenljiv in unikaten za vsako mrežno kartico (kot serijska številka).
Varnost je ključna - uporabljaj močna gesla za Wi-Fi in pazi na datoteke, ki jih odpreš. Požarni zid na routerju varuje domače omrežje pred vdori.
Hiter povzetek: LAN = majhno in hitro, WAN = veliko in počasnejše. Odjemalec zahteva, strežnik postreže. Podatki potujejo v paketih z IP naslovi.
🔒 Varnostni tip: Nikoli ne uporabljaj javnega Wi-Fi-ja za bančništvo - podatki niso varno šifrirani!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Tehnika
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Osnove računalniških omrežij: LAN in WAN
Računalniška omrežja so danes povsod okoli nas - od Wi-Fi-ja doma do interneta, ki ga uporabljaš vsak dan. V bistvu gre za povezane računalnike in naprave, ki si izmenjujejo podatke in delijo vire, kot so tiskalniki ali datoteke.
Uvod v računalniška omrežja
Računalniško omrežje je skupina povezanih računalnikov in naprav (telefoni, tiskalniki), ki si lahko izmenjujejo podatke. Predstavljaj si to kot digitalno cesto, po kateri potujejo informacije med napravami.
Glavni namen omrežja je delitev virov - lahko tiskamo z več računalnikov na en tiskalnik ali si pošiljamo datoteke brez USB ključka. Največje omrežje, ki ga poznaš, je seveda internet.
Ključni pojmi, ki jih moraš znati:
- Odjemalec (Client) - tvoj brskalnik, ko odpreš spletno stran
- Strežnik (Server) - zmogljiv računalnik, ki shranjuje spletne strani
- Usmerjevalnik (Router) - povezuje tvoje domače omrežje z internetom
- IP naslov - unikatna številka naprave (kot hišni naslov za pošto)
💡 Tip: IP naslov je kot telefonska številka za računalnike - vsaka naprava potrebuje svojo, da ve, kam poslati podatke!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Vrste omrežij - LAN in WAN
Lokalno omrežje (LAN) pokriva majhno območje kot je tvoj dom ali šola. Naprave povezuješ z Ethernet kabli ali Wi-Fi-jem. Podatki se izmenjujejo super hitro, ker so vse naprave blizu.
Tvoje domače omrežje je popoln primer - računalnik, telefon in pametni TV so povezani na isti router. Tako lahko z telefona pošlješ dokument na tiskalnik ali gledaš filme iz računalnika na TV-ju.
Prostrano omrežje (WAN) pa povezuje več LAN omrežij na velikem območju - preko mest, držav, celin. Uporablja javno infrastrukturo kot so optični kabli in sateliti.
🎯 Za test: Glavna razlika je v velikosti in hitrosti - LAN je majhen in hiter, WAN velik in počasnejši!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Kako deluje internet
Internet je največje WAN omrežje na svetu, ki deluje po principu preklapljanja paketov. Tvoja sporočila se ne pošljejo v enem kosu!
Ko pošlješ sliko, se ta razdeli na manjše dele - pakete. Vsak paket dobi "ovojnico" z naslovom pošiljatelja in prejemnika. Usmerjevalniki po svetu berejo te naslove in pakete pošiljajo naprej - včasih po različnih poteh!
Na cilju se paketi spet sestavijo v prvotno sporočilo. Če se kateri paket izgubi, ga računalnik zahteva ponovno. To je zelo zanesljiv sistem.
Model odjemalec-strežnik je osnova interneta - tvoj brskalnik (odjemalec) zahteva spletno stran, strežnik mu jo pošlje nazaj.
🚀 Zanimivost: Paketi tvoje slike lahko potujejo preko treh različnih celin, preden prispejo do prijatelja!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri iz življenja
Odpiranje spletne strani: Ko vpišeš www.sola.si, tvoj računalnik ne pozna IP naslova te strani. Vpraša DNS strežnik (kot telefonski imenik), ki mu pove pravi IP naslov.
Šele nato tvoj brskalnik pošlje zahtevo na strežnik šole, ta pa ti vrne spletno stran v obliki paketov. Brskalnik jih sestavi in prikaže stran.
Domače omrežje: Tvoj router povezuje vse domače naprave. Računalnik je povezan s kablom za stabilnost, telefon in tablica z Wi-Fi-jem.
Vse naprave imajo svoj lokalni IP naslov (192.168.1.10, 192.168.1.11), router pa ima en javni IP naslov, ki ga vidi ves internet. Tako lahko z enega internetnega priključka uporabljajo internet vse naprave.
⚡ Praktično: S telefona lahko tiskamo na domači tiskalnik, ker sta v istem LAN omrežju!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Pomembne razlike in varnost
Internet ≠ World Wide Web! To je pogosta napaka na testih. Internet je fizično omrežje kablov in usmerjevalnikov - infrastruktura. WWW so spletne strani, ki jih gledaš v brskalniku.
IP naslov vs. MAC naslov: IP naslov se lahko spremeni (logični naslov), MAC naslov pa je nespremenljiv in unikaten za vsako mrežno kartico (kot serijska številka).
Varnost je ključna - uporabljaj močna gesla za Wi-Fi in pazi na datoteke, ki jih odpreš. Požarni zid na routerju varuje domače omrežje pred vdori.
Hiter povzetek: LAN = majhno in hitro, WAN = veliko in počasnejše. Odjemalec zahteva, strežnik postreže. Podatki potujejo v paketih z IP naslovi.
🔒 Varnostni tip: Nikoli ne uporabljaj javnega Wi-Fi-ja za bančništvo - podatki niso varno šifrirani!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Tehnika
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user