Types of Data and Data Collection
Raw data is like the unedited version of information - think of it as your mate's list of favourite Netflix shows or a scientist's unprocessed temperature readings from space. It hasn't been organised or cleaned up yet.
When we talk about the nature of data, there are two main camps. Quantitative data deals with numbers you can actually measure, like how tall you are, your exam scores, or how long it takes to get to school. Qualitative data, on the other hand, uses words to describe things - your eye colour, gender, or whether you think a film is brilliant or rubbish.
Quantitative data splits into two types that are crucial to understand. Discrete data can only have specific, whole number values - like the number of students in your class or goals scored in a football match. Continuous data can take any value within a range, such as your exact height (which could be 170.5cm or 170.52cm) or the precise temperature outside.
Bivariate data simply means you're looking at two variables together - perhaps comparing students' revision time against their exam results. Meanwhile, primary data is information you collect yourself through surveys or experiments, giving you complete control but requiring more time and effort. Secondary data comes from other sources like websites or newspapers - it's quicker to access but might not perfectly match what you need.
Quick Tip: Remember that discrete data involves counting (whole numbers), while continuous data involves measuring (any value possible).