Slovesá sú srdcom každej vety - bez nich by si... Show more
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Updated Mar 14, 2026
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Slovesá - Kategórie a Použitie
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Čo sú slovesá a prečo sú dôležité
Slovesá ti ukazujú, čo sa deje vo svete okolo teba. Či niekto beží, spí, myslí alebo len existuje - bez slovesa by veta bola ako auto bez motora.
Plnovýznamové slovné druhy znamená, že slovesá majú samy osebe zmysel. Nemusíš k nim pridávať iné slová, aby si pochopila, o čom je reč.
Slovesá vyjadrujú tri základné veci: dej (čo robíš), stav (ako sa cítiš) a existenciu (že jednoducho si). Všetko ostatné je len detailom, ktorý si postupne osvojíš.
Tip: Slovesá sa menia podľa piatich kategórií - osoba, číslo, čas, spôsob a rod. Stačí si zapamätať túto "päťku" a budeš mať základ!
Osoba, číslo a čas - základné kategórie
Osoba ti hovorí, kto vykonáva dej. Je to jednoduché: ja/my (1. osoba), ty/vy (2. osoba), on/ona/ono/oni (3. osoba). Každá má svoje špecifické koncovky.
Číslo rozlišuje, či ide o jedného (spím, čítaš) alebo viacerých (spíme, čítate). V slovenčine máme jednotné a množné číslo.
Čas ukazuje, kedy sa niečo deje. Minulý čas tvoríš z minulého príčastia + byť (čítal som). Prítomný je najpriamejší (čítam). Budúci čas má trick - nedokonavé slovesá potrebujú pomocníka "byť" (budem čítať), dokonavé nie (prečítam).
Pozor: Dokonavé slovesá (prečítať, napísať) majú len dva časy - minulý a budúci. Nedokonavé (čítať, písať) majú všetky tri!
Spôsob a rod slovies
Oznamovací spôsob používaš, keď konštatuješ fakty (čítam knihu). Rozkazovací pre príkazy a výzvy (Čítaj! Píšte!). Podmieňovací vyjadruje možnosť alebo želanie (čítal by som).
Činný rod znamená, že podmet niečo robí (Žiak píše test). Trpný rod funguje naopak - niečo sa deje s podmetom (Test je písaný žiakom, Test sa píše).
Trpný rod tvoríš dvoma spôsobmi: buď s trpným príčastím a "byť" (dom je postavený), alebo so zámenom "sa" (dom sa staví). Oba spôsoby sú správne.
Finta: Ak si nie si istá rodom, spýtaj sa - kto koná? Ak podmet koná, je to činný rod. Ak sa s ním niečo deje, je to trpný rod.
Neurčitok a prechodník prítomný
Neurčitok je ako meno slovesa - základný tvar končiaci na -ť (robiť, spať, myslieť). Z neho sa odvíjajú ostatné tvary.
Prechodník prítomný vyjadruje vedľajší dej, ktorý sa deje súčasne s hlavným. Tvoríš ho z 3. osoby množného čísla + koncovky -úc alebo -iac.
Postup je jednoduchý: vezmi si sloveso → urob 3. osobu mn. čísla (oni robia) → pridaj koncovku (robiac). Pozor na zmeny kmeňa - niekedy sa mení (niesť → nesú → nesúc).
Najdôležitejšie pravidlo: Podmet prechodníka a hlavnej vety musí byť rovnaký! Nemôžeš povedať "Idúc do školy, začalo pršať" - to je chyba.
Zlaté pravidlo: Vždy si over, kto vykonáva hlavný dej a kto vedľajší dej. Ak nie je rovnaký, prechodník nepoužiť!
Prechodník minulý a praktické príklady
Prechodník minulý sa už veľmi nepoužíva, ale vedieť o ňom treba. Vyjadruje dej, ktorý sa stal pred hlavným dejom. Tvoríš ho z minulého kmeňa + koncovka -vši (prečítavši, napísavši).
V praxi radšej použi "keď + veta" alebo "po + neurčitok" - znie to prirodzenejšie než "prečítavši knihu".
Pri určovaní slovesných kategórií postupuj systematicky. Príklad: "Včera sme čítali knihu" - sloveso čítali, 1. osoba množné číslo, minulý čas, oznamovací spôsob, činný rod.
Časté chyby: Nesprávne tvorenie prechodníkov s rôznymi podmetmi. Radšej si over dvakrát než raz zle.
Pre skúšky: Nauč sa rozoznávať dokonavé a nedokonavé slovesá - je to základ pre správne tvorenie časov a prechodníkov!
Rýchle opakovanie a tipy na skúšky
Slovesá majú päť kategórií: osoba (1.,2.,3.), číslo (jednotné, množné), čas (minulý, prítomný, budúci), spôsob (oznamovací, rozkazovací, podmieňovací), rod (činný, trpný).
Neurčitok končí na -ť a je základom všetkého. Prechodník vyjadruje vedľajší dej - pozor na zhodný podmet!
Dokonavé slovesá majú len minulý a budúci čas, nedokonavé majú všetky tri. Budúci čas dokonavých tvoríš priamo (prečítam), nedokonavých s "byť" (budem čítať).
Precvičuj si nepravidelné slovesá ako "byť", "chcieť", "jesť" - tie sú najnáročnejšie, ale aj najdôležitejšie.
Záverečný tip: Slovesá sú ako stavebnice - keď pochopíš základné pravidlá, dokážeš si poradiť s akýmkoľvek slovesov!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Slovesá - Kategórie a Použitie
Slovesá sú srdcom každej vety - bez nich by si sa nevyjadrila ani nedostala hocikde v slovenčine. Potrebuješ ich ovládať ako svoje vrecko, lebo sú kľúčom k správnemu písaniu a hovoreniu.
Čo sú slovesá a prečo sú dôležité
Slovesá ti ukazujú, čo sa deje vo svete okolo teba. Či niekto beží, spí, myslí alebo len existuje - bez slovesa by veta bola ako auto bez motora.
Plnovýznamové slovné druhy znamená, že slovesá majú samy osebe zmysel. Nemusíš k nim pridávať iné slová, aby si pochopila, o čom je reč.
Slovesá vyjadrujú tri základné veci: dej (čo robíš), stav (ako sa cítiš) a existenciu (že jednoducho si). Všetko ostatné je len detailom, ktorý si postupne osvojíš.
Tip: Slovesá sa menia podľa piatich kategórií - osoba, číslo, čas, spôsob a rod. Stačí si zapamätať túto "päťku" a budeš mať základ!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Osoba, číslo a čas - základné kategórie
Osoba ti hovorí, kto vykonáva dej. Je to jednoduché: ja/my (1. osoba), ty/vy (2. osoba), on/ona/ono/oni (3. osoba). Každá má svoje špecifické koncovky.
Číslo rozlišuje, či ide o jedného (spím, čítaš) alebo viacerých (spíme, čítate). V slovenčine máme jednotné a množné číslo.
Čas ukazuje, kedy sa niečo deje. Minulý čas tvoríš z minulého príčastia + byť (čítal som). Prítomný je najpriamejší (čítam). Budúci čas má trick - nedokonavé slovesá potrebujú pomocníka "byť" (budem čítať), dokonavé nie (prečítam).
Pozor: Dokonavé slovesá (prečítať, napísať) majú len dva časy - minulý a budúci. Nedokonavé (čítať, písať) majú všetky tri!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Spôsob a rod slovies
Oznamovací spôsob používaš, keď konštatuješ fakty (čítam knihu). Rozkazovací pre príkazy a výzvy (Čítaj! Píšte!). Podmieňovací vyjadruje možnosť alebo želanie (čítal by som).
Činný rod znamená, že podmet niečo robí (Žiak píše test). Trpný rod funguje naopak - niečo sa deje s podmetom (Test je písaný žiakom, Test sa píše).
Trpný rod tvoríš dvoma spôsobmi: buď s trpným príčastím a "byť" (dom je postavený), alebo so zámenom "sa" (dom sa staví). Oba spôsoby sú správne.
Finta: Ak si nie si istá rodom, spýtaj sa - kto koná? Ak podmet koná, je to činný rod. Ak sa s ním niečo deje, je to trpný rod.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Neurčitok a prechodník prítomný
Neurčitok je ako meno slovesa - základný tvar končiaci na -ť (robiť, spať, myslieť). Z neho sa odvíjajú ostatné tvary.
Prechodník prítomný vyjadruje vedľajší dej, ktorý sa deje súčasne s hlavným. Tvoríš ho z 3. osoby množného čísla + koncovky -úc alebo -iac.
Postup je jednoduchý: vezmi si sloveso → urob 3. osobu mn. čísla (oni robia) → pridaj koncovku (robiac). Pozor na zmeny kmeňa - niekedy sa mení (niesť → nesú → nesúc).
Najdôležitejšie pravidlo: Podmet prechodníka a hlavnej vety musí byť rovnaký! Nemôžeš povedať "Idúc do školy, začalo pršať" - to je chyba.
Zlaté pravidlo: Vždy si over, kto vykonáva hlavný dej a kto vedľajší dej. Ak nie je rovnaký, prechodník nepoužiť!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Prechodník minulý a praktické príklady
Prechodník minulý sa už veľmi nepoužíva, ale vedieť o ňom treba. Vyjadruje dej, ktorý sa stal pred hlavným dejom. Tvoríš ho z minulého kmeňa + koncovka -vši (prečítavši, napísavši).
V praxi radšej použi "keď + veta" alebo "po + neurčitok" - znie to prirodzenejšie než "prečítavši knihu".
Pri určovaní slovesných kategórií postupuj systematicky. Príklad: "Včera sme čítali knihu" - sloveso čítali, 1. osoba množné číslo, minulý čas, oznamovací spôsob, činný rod.
Časté chyby: Nesprávne tvorenie prechodníkov s rôznymi podmetmi. Radšej si over dvakrát než raz zle.
Pre skúšky: Nauč sa rozoznávať dokonavé a nedokonavé slovesá - je to základ pre správne tvorenie časov a prechodníkov!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Rýchle opakovanie a tipy na skúšky
Slovesá majú päť kategórií: osoba (1.,2.,3.), číslo (jednotné, množné), čas (minulý, prítomný, budúci), spôsob (oznamovací, rozkazovací, podmieňovací), rod (činný, trpný).
Neurčitok končí na -ť a je základom všetkého. Prechodník vyjadruje vedľajší dej - pozor na zhodný podmet!
Dokonavé slovesá majú len minulý a budúci čas, nedokonavé majú všetky tri. Budúci čas dokonavých tvoríš priamo (prečítam), nedokonavých s "byť" (budem čítať).
Precvičuj si nepravidelné slovesá ako "byť", "chcieť", "jesť" - tie sú najnáročnejšie, ale aj najdôležitejšie.
Záverečný tip: Slovesá sú ako stavebnice - keď pochopíš základné pravidlá, dokážeš si poradiť s akýmkoľvek slovesov!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user