Pravopis i/í a y/ý je jedna z najdôležitejších vecí v... Show more
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Updated Mar 24, 2026
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Pravidlá pre písanie i/í a y/ý v slovenčine
1 / 9
Základy pravopisu i/í, y/ý
Predstav si, že každá spoluhláska má svoju "osobnosť" - niektoré sú tvrdé ako skala, iné mäkké ako vankúš a tretie sa nevedia rozhodnúť! Presne takto funguje slovenský pravopis i/í, y/ý.
Spoluhlásky delíme do troch skupín podľa toho, čo po nich píšeme. Tvrdé spoluhlásky vždy chcú y/ý, mäkké spoluhlásky si žiadaju i/í, a obojaké sú tie zradné - môžu mať oboje!
💡 Tip: Najťažšie sú obojaké spoluhlásky, lebo pri nich musíš vedieť vybrané slová naspamäť!
Tvrdé a mäkké spoluhlásky - jednoduché pravidlá
Tvrdé spoluhlásky (d, t, n, l, h, ch, k, g) sú tvoji kamaráti - vždy po nich píšeš y/ý. Napríklad: dych, týždeň, nový, lyže, hydina, chyba, kyslý, gýč.
Mäkké spoluhlásky (ď, ť, ň, ľ, c, dz, j, ž, š, č, dž, ŕ, z, s) sú rovnako spoľahlivé - vždy po nich píšeš i/í. Príklady: ďakujem, ťava, ňufák, ľahký, cibuľa, jar, život, šiť, čítať.
Tieto dve skupiny sú super, lebo niet čo riešiť! Keď rozoznáš tvrdú alebo mäkkú spoluhlásku, máš vyhraté.
💡 Pozor: Slovo "dívať sa" je výnimka - d je tvrdé, ale píše sa s i!
Obojaké spoluhlásky - tu sa to komplikuje
Obojaké spoluhlásky (b, m, p, r, s, v, z, f) sú tie najzradnejšie! Po nich môžeš písať i/í aj y/ý, takže musíš vedieť vybrané slová.
Ak slovo patrí medzi vybrané, píšeš y/ý. Ak nie je vybrané, píšeš i/í. Je to ako učenie sa slovíčok z angličtiny - musíš si ich zapamätať!
Najdôležitejšie vybrané slová po m: my, mýdlo, myť, hmyz, dym, pomyje, zamykať, výmysel, mys. Po p: pýcha, pýtať sa, pysk, kopyto, pyré.
💡 Finta: Urob si kartičky s vybranými slovami a opakuj si ich každý deň!
Vybrané slová po r, s, v - najčastejšie chyby
Po r si zapamätaj: ryba, rýpať, rýdzi, ryčať, rým, ryť, hrýzť, koryto, strýko, rytier, brýzgať, chrýpka. Toto sú slová, ktoré sa píšu s y/ý!
Po s: syn, syrový, sýty, sypať, syčať, sýkorka, vysychať, osýpky, syseľ. Po v: vy, vysoký, výr, výskať, vyť, vyžla, zvyk, výťah, výživa.
Všetky ostatné slová po obojakých spoluhláskach sa píšu s i/í. Napríklad: biť, miesto, pivo, sivý, vidieť, získať.
💡 Dôležité: Predpony vy- a vý- sa vždy píšu s y! (vybehnúť, výlet)
Vybrané slová po z, tipy a triky
Po z je to jednoduché - len málo vybratých slov: jazyk, nazývať, ozývať sa, prezývať, vzývať. Po f nie sú žiadne vybrané slová, takže vždy píšeš i/í (film, figúra).
Dávaj pozor na podobné slová s rôznym významom! Byť (existovať) vs. biť (udierat), mýliť sa (robiť chybu) vs. milý (príjemný), výr (sova) vs. vír (krúživý pohyb).
Najlepší postup: Najprv si urči, či je spoluhláska tvrdá, mäkká alebo obojaká. Potom použij príslušné pravidlo!
💡 Tajný tip: Keď si nie si istý, skús si slovo nahlas povedať - často ti to pomôže rozoznať tvrdosť/mäkkosť!
Praktické cvičenie a časté chyby
Vyskúšaj si to: myška (m je obojaká, myška je od "my" - vybrané slovo = y), ryba (r je obojaká, ryba je vybrané = y), cibuľa (c je mäkká = i), kývať (k je tvrdá = ý).
Najčastejšie chyby sú pri slovách ako dívať sa (výnimka!), pri rozlišovaní podobných slov a pri zabudnutí na vybrané slová.
Nezabudni, že predpony vy- a vý- sa vždy píšu s y, bez ohľadu na to, aké je slovo za nimi!
💡 Na záver: Pravopis i/í, y/ý zvládneš, keď si budeš pravidelne opakovať vybrané slová a precvičíš si určovanie tvrdých/mäkkých/obojakých spoluhlások!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Pravidlá pre písanie i/í a y/ý v slovenčine
Pravopis i/í a y/ý je jedna z najdôležitejších vecí v slovenčine, ktorú musíš zvládnuť pre diktáty a písomky. Celé sa to točí okolo toho, aké spoluhlásky sú pred týmito písmenkami - tvrdé, mäkké alebo obojaké.
Základy pravopisu i/í, y/ý
Predstav si, že každá spoluhláska má svoju "osobnosť" - niektoré sú tvrdé ako skala, iné mäkké ako vankúš a tretie sa nevedia rozhodnúť! Presne takto funguje slovenský pravopis i/í, y/ý.
Spoluhlásky delíme do troch skupín podľa toho, čo po nich píšeme. Tvrdé spoluhlásky vždy chcú y/ý, mäkké spoluhlásky si žiadaju i/í, a obojaké sú tie zradné - môžu mať oboje!
💡 Tip: Najťažšie sú obojaké spoluhlásky, lebo pri nich musíš vedieť vybrané slová naspamäť!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Tvrdé a mäkké spoluhlásky - jednoduché pravidlá
Tvrdé spoluhlásky (d, t, n, l, h, ch, k, g) sú tvoji kamaráti - vždy po nich píšeš y/ý. Napríklad: dych, týždeň, nový, lyže, hydina, chyba, kyslý, gýč.
Mäkké spoluhlásky (ď, ť, ň, ľ, c, dz, j, ž, š, č, dž, ŕ, z, s) sú rovnako spoľahlivé - vždy po nich píšeš i/í. Príklady: ďakujem, ťava, ňufák, ľahký, cibuľa, jar, život, šiť, čítať.
Tieto dve skupiny sú super, lebo niet čo riešiť! Keď rozoznáš tvrdú alebo mäkkú spoluhlásku, máš vyhraté.
💡 Pozor: Slovo "dívať sa" je výnimka - d je tvrdé, ale píše sa s i!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
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Obojaké spoluhlásky - tu sa to komplikuje
Obojaké spoluhlásky (b, m, p, r, s, v, z, f) sú tie najzradnejšie! Po nich môžeš písať i/í aj y/ý, takže musíš vedieť vybrané slová.
Ak slovo patrí medzi vybrané, píšeš y/ý. Ak nie je vybrané, píšeš i/í. Je to ako učenie sa slovíčok z angličtiny - musíš si ich zapamätať!
Najdôležitejšie vybrané slová po m: my, mýdlo, myť, hmyz, dym, pomyje, zamykať, výmysel, mys. Po p: pýcha, pýtať sa, pysk, kopyto, pyré.
💡 Finta: Urob si kartičky s vybranými slovami a opakuj si ich každý deň!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Vybrané slová po r, s, v - najčastejšie chyby
Po r si zapamätaj: ryba, rýpať, rýdzi, ryčať, rým, ryť, hrýzť, koryto, strýko, rytier, brýzgať, chrýpka. Toto sú slová, ktoré sa píšu s y/ý!
Po s: syn, syrový, sýty, sypať, syčať, sýkorka, vysychať, osýpky, syseľ. Po v: vy, vysoký, výr, výskať, vyť, vyžla, zvyk, výťah, výživa.
Všetky ostatné slová po obojakých spoluhláskach sa píšu s i/í. Napríklad: biť, miesto, pivo, sivý, vidieť, získať.
💡 Dôležité: Predpony vy- a vý- sa vždy píšu s y! (vybehnúť, výlet)
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Vybrané slová po z, tipy a triky
Po z je to jednoduché - len málo vybratých slov: jazyk, nazývať, ozývať sa, prezývať, vzývať. Po f nie sú žiadne vybrané slová, takže vždy píšeš i/í (film, figúra).
Dávaj pozor na podobné slová s rôznym významom! Byť (existovať) vs. biť (udierat), mýliť sa (robiť chybu) vs. milý (príjemný), výr (sova) vs. vír (krúživý pohyb).
Najlepší postup: Najprv si urči, či je spoluhláska tvrdá, mäkká alebo obojaká. Potom použij príslušné pravidlo!
💡 Tajný tip: Keď si nie si istý, skús si slovo nahlas povedať - často ti to pomôže rozoznať tvrdosť/mäkkosť!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktické cvičenie a časté chyby
Vyskúšaj si to: myška (m je obojaká, myška je od "my" - vybrané slovo = y), ryba (r je obojaká, ryba je vybrané = y), cibuľa (c je mäkká = i), kývať (k je tvrdá = ý).
Najčastejšie chyby sú pri slovách ako dívať sa (výnimka!), pri rozlišovaní podobných slov a pri zabudnutí na vybrané slová.
Nezabudni, že predpony vy- a vý- sa vždy píšu s y, bez ohľadu na to, aké je slovo za nimi!
💡 Na záver: Pravopis i/í, y/ý zvládneš, keď si budeš pravidelne opakovať vybrané slová a precvičíš si určovanie tvrdých/mäkkých/obojakých spoluhlások!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user