Keď čítaš knihu alebo ideš do divadla, stretávaš sa s... Show more
Slovenský jazyk
Angličtina
MatematikaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
123
•
Updated Mar 28, 2026
•
Literárne druhy a žánre: Prehľad a charakteristiky
1 / 6
Základné pojmy - čo musíš vedieť
Literárny druh je veľká základná skupina diel, ktoré majú podobné znaky. Sú len tri: lyrika, epika a dráma. Literárny žáner je menšia, konkrétnejšia skupina v rámci druhu - napríklad román alebo poviedka v epike.
Predstav si to jednoducho: druh je ako "strom" (lyrika), žáner je ako "jablko" na tom strome (báseň). Toto rozdelenie ti pomôže pochopiť, čo od textu očakávať a prečo je napísaný práve takým spôsobom.
Tip na zapamätanie: Lyrika = Láska (pocity), Epika = Existuje príbeh (dej), Dráma = Divadlo (dialógy)
Lyrika - svet pocitov a nálade
Lyrika je o pocitoch, náladách a myšlienkach. Je to ako keď píšeš denník o tom, ako sa cítiš, keď prší alebo si zamilovaný. Nemá žiadny dej - len zachytáva moment alebo pocit.
Hlavné znaky lyriky sú subjektívnosť (autor vyjadruje svoje vlastné pocity), chýba dej a väčšinou je písaná vo veršoch a strofách s rýmom a rytmom.
Najdôležitejšie lyrické žánre: báseň (základný žáner), óda (oslavná báseň), elégia (smutná báseň o strate), hymna (slávnostná pieseň) a pieseň (báseň určená na spievanie).
Zapamätaj si: Ak text vyjadruje pocity a nemá dej, je to lyrika!
Epika - rozprávanie príbehov
Epika je o príbehoch - keď niekto rozpráva, čo sa stalo, kto to urobil, kde a kedy. Je to ako keď kamarát rozpráva zážitok z výletu, ale v knihe.
Má jasné znaky: objektívnosť (rozprávač rozpráva príbeh, ktorý sa "stal"), dej s jasným začiatkom a koncom, postavy a rozprávača. Väčšinou je písaná v próze (bežný text, nie vo veršoch).
Základné epické žánre: román (veľmi dlhý príbeh), poviedka (kratší príbeh), novela (stredne dlhý príbeh), bájka (zvieratá s ponaučením), rozprávka (vymyslený príbeh so šťastným koncom) a epos (hrdinský príbeh vo veršoch).
Rozoznaj ľahko: Ak sa v texte niečo deje a má to dej, je to epika!
Dráma - divadlo v texte
Dráma nie je určená len na čítanie, ale hlavne na predvádzanie v divadle. Je to ako scenár k filmu alebo divadelnej hre, kde sa všetko dozvedáš z rozhovorov postáv.
Typické znaky: dialógy (rozhovory postáv), žiadny rozprávač, scénické poznámky v zátvorkách, rozdelenie na dejstvá a scény a vždy je tam nejaký konflikt.
Dramatické žánre: tragédia (smutný koniec, hrdina prehráva), komédia (veselá s šťastným koncom), činohra (realistické problémy) a muzikál (spája dialógy, spev a tanec).
Poznáš to podľa: Ak vidíš mená postáv a ich dialógy so scénickými poznámkami, je to dráma!
Praktické určovanie - ako na to
Tu je užitočná tabuľka, ktorá ti pomôže:
| **Lyrika** | **Epika** | **Dráma** |
|---|---|---|
| Pocity, nálady | Rozprávať príbeh | Predvádzať na javisku |
| Nemá dej | Má dej | Má dej cez dialógy |
| Veršovaná forma | Prozaická forma | Dialógy + poznámky |
Príklad určovania: "Padá lístie zlaté, vietor ho už berie. Srdce moje, ach, tak chladné..." - vyjadruje pocity, nemá dej, vo veršoch = lyrika, báseň.
Pozor: Existujú aj prechodné žánre ako balada (má dej aj pocity), ale sústreď sa na základné rozdiely!
Rýchle opakovanie na záver
Literatúru delíme na tri hlavné druhy: lyrika (pocity bez deja), epika (príbehy s dejom) a dráma (dialógy na javisko). Každý druh má svoje konkrétne žánre.
Lyrika: báseň, óda, elégia, hymna, pieseň. Epika: román, poviedka, novela, rozprávka, bájka, epos. Dráma: tragédia, komédia, činohra, muzikál.
Kľúčové je vedieť rozlíšiť: rozpráva text príbeh (epika), vyjadruje pocity (lyrika), alebo je určený na divadlo (dráma)? S týmto základom zvládneš každú úlohu!
Pre testy: Nezamieňaj druh a žáner! Druh je veľká skupina, žáner je konkrétny typ v tej skupine.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Literárne druhy a žánre: Prehľad a charakteristiky
Keď čítaš knihu alebo ideš do divadla, stretávaš sa s rôznymi typmi príbehov a textov. Aby si sa v nich lepšie vyznal, literatura sa delí na literárne druhy a žánre- je to ako triedenie vecí do veľkých škatúľ a... Show more
Základné pojmy - čo musíš vedieť
Literárny druh je veľká základná skupina diel, ktoré majú podobné znaky. Sú len tri: lyrika, epika a dráma. Literárny žáner je menšia, konkrétnejšia skupina v rámci druhu - napríklad román alebo poviedka v epike.
Predstav si to jednoducho: druh je ako "strom" (lyrika), žáner je ako "jablko" na tom strome (báseň). Toto rozdelenie ti pomôže pochopiť, čo od textu očakávať a prečo je napísaný práve takým spôsobom.
Tip na zapamätanie: Lyrika = Láska (pocity), Epika = Existuje príbeh (dej), Dráma = Divadlo (dialógy)
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Lyrika - svet pocitov a nálade
Lyrika je o pocitoch, náladách a myšlienkach. Je to ako keď píšeš denník o tom, ako sa cítiš, keď prší alebo si zamilovaný. Nemá žiadny dej - len zachytáva moment alebo pocit.
Hlavné znaky lyriky sú subjektívnosť (autor vyjadruje svoje vlastné pocity), chýba dej a väčšinou je písaná vo veršoch a strofách s rýmom a rytmom.
Najdôležitejšie lyrické žánre: báseň (základný žáner), óda (oslavná báseň), elégia (smutná báseň o strate), hymna (slávnostná pieseň) a pieseň (báseň určená na spievanie).
Zapamätaj si: Ak text vyjadruje pocity a nemá dej, je to lyrika!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Epika - rozprávanie príbehov
Epika je o príbehoch - keď niekto rozpráva, čo sa stalo, kto to urobil, kde a kedy. Je to ako keď kamarát rozpráva zážitok z výletu, ale v knihe.
Má jasné znaky: objektívnosť (rozprávač rozpráva príbeh, ktorý sa "stal"), dej s jasným začiatkom a koncom, postavy a rozprávača. Väčšinou je písaná v próze (bežný text, nie vo veršoch).
Základné epické žánre: román (veľmi dlhý príbeh), poviedka (kratší príbeh), novela (stredne dlhý príbeh), bájka (zvieratá s ponaučením), rozprávka (vymyslený príbeh so šťastným koncom) a epos (hrdinský príbeh vo veršoch).
Rozoznaj ľahko: Ak sa v texte niečo deje a má to dej, je to epika!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Dráma - divadlo v texte
Dráma nie je určená len na čítanie, ale hlavne na predvádzanie v divadle. Je to ako scenár k filmu alebo divadelnej hre, kde sa všetko dozvedáš z rozhovorov postáv.
Typické znaky: dialógy (rozhovory postáv), žiadny rozprávač, scénické poznámky v zátvorkách, rozdelenie na dejstvá a scény a vždy je tam nejaký konflikt.
Dramatické žánre: tragédia (smutný koniec, hrdina prehráva), komédia (veselá s šťastným koncom), činohra (realistické problémy) a muzikál (spája dialógy, spev a tanec).
Poznáš to podľa: Ak vidíš mená postáv a ich dialógy so scénickými poznámkami, je to dráma!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktické určovanie - ako na to
Tu je užitočná tabuľka, ktorá ti pomôže:
| **Lyrika** | **Epika** | **Dráma** |
|---|---|---|
| Pocity, nálady | Rozprávať príbeh | Predvádzať na javisku |
| Nemá dej | Má dej | Má dej cez dialógy |
| Veršovaná forma | Prozaická forma | Dialógy + poznámky |
Príklad určovania: "Padá lístie zlaté, vietor ho už berie. Srdce moje, ach, tak chladné..." - vyjadruje pocity, nemá dej, vo veršoch = lyrika, báseň.
Pozor: Existujú aj prechodné žánre ako balada (má dej aj pocity), ale sústreď sa na základné rozdiely!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Rýchle opakovanie na záver
Literatúru delíme na tri hlavné druhy: lyrika (pocity bez deja), epika (príbehy s dejom) a dráma (dialógy na javisko). Každý druh má svoje konkrétne žánre.
Lyrika: báseň, óda, elégia, hymna, pieseň. Epika: román, poviedka, novela, rozprávka, bájka, epos. Dráma: tragédia, komédia, činohra, muzikál.
Kľúčové je vedieť rozlíšiť: rozpráva text príbeh (epika), vyjadruje pocity (lyrika), alebo je určený na divadlo (dráma)? S týmto základom zvládneš každú úlohu!
Pre testy: Nezamieňaj druh a žáner! Druh je veľká skupina, žáner je konkrétny typ v tej skupine.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
2
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Slovenský jazyk
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user