Specific Heat Capacity, Thermal Insulators, and Current-Voltage Characteristics Practicals
This page covers three essential GCSE physics practicals: specific heat capacity, thermal insulators, and current-voltage characteristics of components. It also includes information on measuring density.
Specific Heat Capacity Practical
The specific heat capacity practical steps gcse physics experiment aims to determine the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
Definition: Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
The practical involves the following steps:
- Place a beaker on a balance and zero it.
- Add the substance to the beaker and record its mass.
- Insert a thermometer and an immersion heater into the substance.
- Record the initial temperature of the substance.
- Insulate the beaker with foam to reduce heat transfer to the surroundings.
- Connect a joulemeter to the immersion heater.
- Leave the setup for 30 minutes.
- Record the energy transferred to the immersion heater.
- Measure the final temperature.
- Use the equation provided to calculate the specific heat capacity.
Highlight: The equation for specific heat capacity is: c = ΔE / (m × ΔT), where c is specific heat capacity, ΔE is change in thermal energy, m is mass, and ΔT is change in temperature.
Thermal Insulators Experiment
The thermal insulators experiment gcse paper 1 investigates materials that do not allow thermal energy to pass through easily.
Definition: A good thermal insulator is a material that does not allow thermal energy to pass through easily by conduction.
The experimental procedure includes:
- Placing a small beaker inside a larger beaker.
- Boiling water and transferring 80cm³ to the small beaker.
- Using cardboard as a lid for the large beaker, with a hole for the thermometer.
- Recording the initial water temperature and subsequent temperatures every three minutes for fifteen minutes.
- Repeating the experiment with different insulating materials between the beakers.
Current-Voltage Characteristics of Components
This current voltage characteristics gcse physics practicals experiment examines the relationship between current and voltage for various electrical components.
The practical steps are:
- Set up the circuit as shown in the diagram.
- Use a voltmeter to measure potential difference across the component.
- Use an ammeter to measure current through the component.
- Record these values in a table.
- Adjust the variable resistor and record new readings.
- Repeat several times for a range of values.
- Switch the battery direction and repeat to get negative results.
- Plot a graph of current (y-axis) against potential difference (x-axis).
Highlight: This experiment can be repeated with different components to compare their I-V characteristics.
The document also includes information on measuring the resistance of a wire and calculating density for regular and irregular objects.
Example: For irregular objects, use a Eureka can filled with water and measure the volume of displaced water to determine the object's volume.
This comprehensive guide provides students with the necessary information to conduct these GCSE physics practicals effectively and understand the underlying principles.
