Razlike med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto so ključne za pravilno... Show more
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Updated Apr 15, 2026
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Razlika med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto: Vodnik
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Razlikovanje med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto
V španščini ne gre za to, kdaj se je nekaj zgodilo, ampak kako gledamo na preteklo dejanje. To je ključna razlika, ki jo moraš razumeti!
Pretérito Indefinido uporabljamo za zaključena, dokončana dejanja. Predstavljaj si ga kot fotografijo - ujet je en sam trenutek ali dogodek. To so glavni dogodki, ki premikajo zgodbo naprej.
Pretérito Imperfecto pa je kot filmski prizor. Opisuje ozadje, trajajoča dejanja, navade ali stanja v preteklosti. Začetek in konec dejanja nista pomembna - pomembno je samo, da opisujemo sceno ali atmosfero.
Zapomniti si: Indefinido = okostje zgodbe (glavni dogodki), Imperfecto = meso in koža (opisi, ozadje, atmosfera).
Podrobna primerjava uporabe
Indefinido za zaključena dejanja z jasnim začetkom in koncem: "Ayer fui al cine" (Včeraj sem šel v kino). Imperfecto za navade: "Cuando era niño, iba al cine todos los sábados" (Ko sem bil otrok, sem vsako soboto hodil v kino).
Pri zaporedju dejanj uporabljamo Indefinido: "Me levanté, me duché y salí de casa" (Vstal sem, se stuširal in odšel od doma). Za sočasna, trajajoča dejanja pa Imperfecto: "Yo leía mientras mi hermano escuchaba música".
Posebej pozorno bodi pri prekinjenih dejanjih! Imperfecto opisuje trajajoče dejanje v ozadju: "Estudiaba en mi habitación" (Učil sem se v sobi), Indefinido pa dejanje, ki ga prekine: "cuando de repente sonó el teléfono" (ko je nenadoma zazvonil telefon).
Nasvet: Indefinido je kot pika na časovnici, Imperfecto pa valovita črta, ki predstavlja trajanje.
Signalne besede za lažjo odločitev
Te besede ti bodo pomagale pri testih! Za Indefinido uporabljamo: ayer (včeraj), anoche (sinoči), la semana pasada (prejšnji teden), de repente (nenadoma), un día (nekega dne).
Za Imperfecto pa: siempre (vedno), a menudo (pogosto), todos los días (vsak dan), mientras (medtem ko), de niño (kot otrok).
Vendar pazi! Signalne besede so samo pomoč, ne pravilo. Vedno moraš pomisliti na kontekst in namen stavka.
Pomembno: Te besede so orientacija, ne absoluten vodič. Kontekst je vedno najpomembnejši!
Praktični primeri iz vsakdana
Analizirajmo stavek: "Ayer hacía mucho sol y la gente se bañaba en el mar. De repente, vi a mi amigo Juan."
Hacía in se bañaba sta Imperfecto, ker opisujeta ozadje - vreme in trajajočo dejavnost ljudi. Vi je Indefinido, ker je to glavni dogodek, ki premakne zgodbo naprej.
Pri glagolih stanja (ser, estar, tener, querer) pogosto uporabljamo Imperfecto: "Yo quería ir al cine" . Indefinido pa spremeni pomen: "Yo quise ir al cine" .
Tudi pri glagolih conocer in saber: Imperfecto = poznal sem/vedel sem, Indefinido = spoznal sem/izvedel sem.
Pazi: Včasih sprememba časa popolnoma spremeni pomen glagola!
Pogoste napake in kako se jih izogniti
Največja napaka: prevajanje iz slovenščine! V slovenščini rečemo "včeraj je sijalo sonce" in "kot otrok je sijalo sonce" z istim časom. V španščini je to hizo sol (če je to glavni dogodek) proti hacía sol (če je ozadje).
Glagoli stanja so skoraj vedno v Imperfectu, ker opisujejo stanje, ne dejanja. "Yo ya conocía a María" (poznal sem Marijo) proti "Ayer conocí a María" (spoznal sem Marijo).
Pri branju besedila se vedno vprašaj: "Je to glavni dogodek, ki premika zgodbo naprej, ali samo opis scene?" Prvi primer = Indefinido, drugi = Imperfecto.
Trik za test: Če lahko rečeš "in potem..." po stavku, je verjetno Indefinido. Če rečeš "medtem..." je Imperfecto.
Hitri povzetek za ponavljanje
INDEFINIDO = AKCIJA: zaključena dejanja, glavni dogodki, zaporedje dejanj, dejanje ki prekine. Signalne besede: ayer, anoche, la semana pasada, de repente.
IMPERFECTO = OPIS: opisi oseb in krajev, navade, trajajoče dejanje v ozadju, starost in čas. Signalne besede: siempre, a menudo, todos los días, mientras.
Ključno vprašanje za test: "Je to glavni dogodek, ki premika zgodbo naprej (→ Indefinido), ali opis scene, ozadja, navade (→ Imperfecto)?"
S prakso boš hitro razvil občutek za pravilno izbiro časa. Preberi veliko španskih besedil in opazuj, kako avtorji uporabljata oba časa!
Končni nasvet: Več kot bereš in vežbaš, bolj naravno ti bo izbira pravega časa. Ne obupaj, če se ti sprva zdi zapleteno!
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
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Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Razlika med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto: Vodnik
Razlike med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto so ključne za pravilno pripovedovanje v španščini. Ta dva preteklika se sicer podobno prevajata v slovenščino, vendar v španščini izražata popolnoma različne načine gledanja na pretekla dejanja.
Razlikovanje med Pretérito Indefinido in Imperfecto
V španščini ne gre za to, kdaj se je nekaj zgodilo, ampak kako gledamo na preteklo dejanje. To je ključna razlika, ki jo moraš razumeti!
Pretérito Indefinido uporabljamo za zaključena, dokončana dejanja. Predstavljaj si ga kot fotografijo - ujet je en sam trenutek ali dogodek. To so glavni dogodki, ki premikajo zgodbo naprej.
Pretérito Imperfecto pa je kot filmski prizor. Opisuje ozadje, trajajoča dejanja, navade ali stanja v preteklosti. Začetek in konec dejanja nista pomembna - pomembno je samo, da opisujemo sceno ali atmosfero.
Zapomniti si: Indefinido = okostje zgodbe (glavni dogodki), Imperfecto = meso in koža (opisi, ozadje, atmosfera).
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Podrobna primerjava uporabe
Indefinido za zaključena dejanja z jasnim začetkom in koncem: "Ayer fui al cine" (Včeraj sem šel v kino). Imperfecto za navade: "Cuando era niño, iba al cine todos los sábados" (Ko sem bil otrok, sem vsako soboto hodil v kino).
Pri zaporedju dejanj uporabljamo Indefinido: "Me levanté, me duché y salí de casa" (Vstal sem, se stuširal in odšel od doma). Za sočasna, trajajoča dejanja pa Imperfecto: "Yo leía mientras mi hermano escuchaba música".
Posebej pozorno bodi pri prekinjenih dejanjih! Imperfecto opisuje trajajoče dejanje v ozadju: "Estudiaba en mi habitación" (Učil sem se v sobi), Indefinido pa dejanje, ki ga prekine: "cuando de repente sonó el teléfono" (ko je nenadoma zazvonil telefon).
Nasvet: Indefinido je kot pika na časovnici, Imperfecto pa valovita črta, ki predstavlja trajanje.
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Signalne besede za lažjo odločitev
Te besede ti bodo pomagale pri testih! Za Indefinido uporabljamo: ayer (včeraj), anoche (sinoči), la semana pasada (prejšnji teden), de repente (nenadoma), un día (nekega dne).
Za Imperfecto pa: siempre (vedno), a menudo (pogosto), todos los días (vsak dan), mientras (medtem ko), de niño (kot otrok).
Vendar pazi! Signalne besede so samo pomoč, ne pravilo. Vedno moraš pomisliti na kontekst in namen stavka.
Pomembno: Te besede so orientacija, ne absoluten vodič. Kontekst je vedno najpomembnejši!
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Praktični primeri iz vsakdana
Analizirajmo stavek: "Ayer hacía mucho sol y la gente se bañaba en el mar. De repente, vi a mi amigo Juan."
Hacía in se bañaba sta Imperfecto, ker opisujeta ozadje - vreme in trajajočo dejavnost ljudi. Vi je Indefinido, ker je to glavni dogodek, ki premakne zgodbo naprej.
Pri glagolih stanja (ser, estar, tener, querer) pogosto uporabljamo Imperfecto: "Yo quería ir al cine" . Indefinido pa spremeni pomen: "Yo quise ir al cine" .
Tudi pri glagolih conocer in saber: Imperfecto = poznal sem/vedel sem, Indefinido = spoznal sem/izvedel sem.
Pazi: Včasih sprememba časa popolnoma spremeni pomen glagola!
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Pogoste napake in kako se jih izogniti
Največja napaka: prevajanje iz slovenščine! V slovenščini rečemo "včeraj je sijalo sonce" in "kot otrok je sijalo sonce" z istim časom. V španščini je to hizo sol (če je to glavni dogodek) proti hacía sol (če je ozadje).
Glagoli stanja so skoraj vedno v Imperfectu, ker opisujejo stanje, ne dejanja. "Yo ya conocía a María" (poznal sem Marijo) proti "Ayer conocí a María" (spoznal sem Marijo).
Pri branju besedila se vedno vprašaj: "Je to glavni dogodek, ki premika zgodbo naprej, ali samo opis scene?" Prvi primer = Indefinido, drugi = Imperfecto.
Trik za test: Če lahko rečeš "in potem..." po stavku, je verjetno Indefinido. Če rečeš "medtem..." je Imperfecto.
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Hitri povzetek za ponavljanje
INDEFINIDO = AKCIJA: zaključena dejanja, glavni dogodki, zaporedje dejanj, dejanje ki prekine. Signalne besede: ayer, anoche, la semana pasada, de repente.
IMPERFECTO = OPIS: opisi oseb in krajev, navade, trajajoče dejanje v ozadju, starost in čas. Signalne besede: siempre, a menudo, todos los días, mientras.
Ključno vprašanje za test: "Je to glavni dogodek, ki premika zgodbo naprej (→ Indefinido), ali opis scene, ozadja, navade (→ Imperfecto)?"
S prakso boš hitro razvil občutek za pravilno izbiro časa. Preberi veliko španskih besedil in opazuj, kako avtorji uporabljata oba časa!
Končni nasvet: Več kot bereš in vežbaš, bolj naravno ti bo izbira pravega časa. Ne obupaj, če se ti sprva zdi zapleteno!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user