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Updated Mar 22, 2026
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Kako potuje hrana skozi naše telo?
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Osnove prebave
Verjetno misliš, da je prebava preprosta - pograziš in končano. V resnici pa je to neverjeten proces, kjer tvoje telo hrano razgradi na drobne delčke, ki jih lahko uporabi.
Obstajata dve vrsti prebave. Mehanska prebava pomeni fizično drobljenje (kot grizenje z zobmi), kemična prebava pa uporablja posebne "pomagače" - encime. Ti encimi so kot majhni delavci, ki razgrajujejo različne vrste hrane.
Tvoje telo potrebuje tri glavne hranilne snovi: ogljikove hidrate za energijo (kruh, testenine), beljakovine za rast (meso, jajca) in maščobe za energijo in gradnjo celic (olja, maslo). Ko so te snovi prebavljene, se absorpcija - torej vstop hranil v kri - poskrbi, da pridejo do vseh celic v telesu.
💡 Dobro je vedeti: Absorpcija se zgodi samo v tankem črevesu - to je edino mesto, kjer hranila lahko pridejo v kri!
Pot hrane skozi telo
Hrana potuje po dolgi "cevi" skozi tvoje telo - od ust do zadnjika. Vsak del te prebavne cevi ima svojo posebno nalogo, tako kot postaje na proizvodnji čokolade.
Prvi del poti: od ust do želodca
V ustih se prebava šele začne. Tvoji zobje mehano drobijo hrano, medtem ko slina z encimom amilaza že začne razgrajevati škrob iz kruha ali testenin. Jezik oblikuje grižljaj, ki ga lahko pogoTneš.
Po požiralniku hrana potuje z zanimivim gibanjem, imenovanim peristaltika - mišice se krčijo in potiskajo hrano navzdol. Poklopec pa zapre pot v sapnik, da ne zadihaš hrane!
Želodec deluje kot močna mešalna mašina. Njegove stene se krčijo in mešajo hrano, medtem ko želodčna kislina ubija bakterije in encim pepsin začne razgrajevati beljakovine. Rezultat je gosta tekočina, imenovana himus.
💡 Pozor: Pogosta napaka je misliti, da se vsa prebava zgodi v želodcu. V resnici se tam samo začne prebava beljakovin!
Tanko črevo - glavni junak
Tanko črevo je pravi junak prebave! Tu se zgodi večina kemične prebave in VSA absorpcija hranil. Predstavljaj si ga kot 6 metrov dolgo "super tovarno".
Dva pomembna organa pošljeta svoje "sokove" v tanko črevo. Trebušna slinavka proizvaja močne encime, ki dokončno prebavijo vse tri vrste hranil. Jetra pa proizvajajo žolč (ki ni encim!), ki razbije velike kaplje maščob na manjše.
Notranja stena tankega črevesa ima posebne izrastke - črevesne resice. Te so kot majhne prstke, ki močno povečajo površino za absorpcijo. Prebavljene hranilne snovi tako hitro prehajajo v kri.
Poglej si primer sendviča s sirom: škrob iz kruha se spremeni v sladkorje, beljakovine iz sira v aminokisline, maščobe pa v maščobne kisline. Vse to se absorpcija v tankem črevesu!
💡 Zapomni si: Čeprav hrana ne gre skozi jetra in trebušno slinavko, sta ta organa ključna "pomočnika" prebave!
Zadnji del poti in koristni nasveti
V debelem črevesu se zgodi predvsem absorpcija vode iz neprebavljenih ostankov. Tu živijo tudi koristne bakterije, ki proizvajajo vitamine. Ostanki se zgostijo v blato, ki se shrani v danki in nato izloči.
Za zdravo prebavo je ključno, da ješ počasi in hrano dobro prežveciš. S tem pomagaš mehanski prebavi že v ustih. Pij tudi dovolj vode in jej hrano z vlakninami (sadje, zelenjava) - čeprav vlaknine niso prebavljive, pomagajo pri rednem odvajanju.
Zapomni si glavno pot: usta → požiralnik → želodec → tanko črevo → debelo črevo → danka. Mehanska prebava poteka v ustih in želodcu, kemična pa v ustih, želodcu in predvsem tankem črevesu.
💡 Za test: Ogljikovi hidrati se začnejo prebavljati v ustih, beljakovine v želodcu, maščobe pa šele v tankem črevesu!
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Kako potuje hrana skozi naše telo?
Si se kdaj vprašal, kaj se zgodi s hrano, ko jo pograziš? Prebavila so kot tovarna v tvoje telo, ki hrano pretvori v energijo in hranilne snovi. Brez njih naše celice ne bi dobile "goriva" za rast, učenje in gibanje!
Osnove prebave
Verjetno misliš, da je prebava preprosta - pograziš in končano. V resnici pa je to neverjeten proces, kjer tvoje telo hrano razgradi na drobne delčke, ki jih lahko uporabi.
Obstajata dve vrsti prebave. Mehanska prebava pomeni fizično drobljenje (kot grizenje z zobmi), kemična prebava pa uporablja posebne "pomagače" - encime. Ti encimi so kot majhni delavci, ki razgrajujejo različne vrste hrane.
Tvoje telo potrebuje tri glavne hranilne snovi: ogljikove hidrate za energijo (kruh, testenine), beljakovine za rast (meso, jajca) in maščobe za energijo in gradnjo celic (olja, maslo). Ko so te snovi prebavljene, se absorpcija - torej vstop hranil v kri - poskrbi, da pridejo do vseh celic v telesu.
💡 Dobro je vedeti: Absorpcija se zgodi samo v tankem črevesu - to je edino mesto, kjer hranila lahko pridejo v kri!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Pot hrane skozi telo
Hrana potuje po dolgi "cevi" skozi tvoje telo - od ust do zadnjika. Vsak del te prebavne cevi ima svojo posebno nalogo, tako kot postaje na proizvodnji čokolade.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Prvi del poti: od ust do želodca
V ustih se prebava šele začne. Tvoji zobje mehano drobijo hrano, medtem ko slina z encimom amilaza že začne razgrajevati škrob iz kruha ali testenin. Jezik oblikuje grižljaj, ki ga lahko pogoTneš.
Po požiralniku hrana potuje z zanimivim gibanjem, imenovanim peristaltika - mišice se krčijo in potiskajo hrano navzdol. Poklopec pa zapre pot v sapnik, da ne zadihaš hrane!
Želodec deluje kot močna mešalna mašina. Njegove stene se krčijo in mešajo hrano, medtem ko želodčna kislina ubija bakterije in encim pepsin začne razgrajevati beljakovine. Rezultat je gosta tekočina, imenovana himus.
💡 Pozor: Pogosta napaka je misliti, da se vsa prebava zgodi v želodcu. V resnici se tam samo začne prebava beljakovin!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Tanko črevo - glavni junak
Tanko črevo je pravi junak prebave! Tu se zgodi večina kemične prebave in VSA absorpcija hranil. Predstavljaj si ga kot 6 metrov dolgo "super tovarno".
Dva pomembna organa pošljeta svoje "sokove" v tanko črevo. Trebušna slinavka proizvaja močne encime, ki dokončno prebavijo vse tri vrste hranil. Jetra pa proizvajajo žolč (ki ni encim!), ki razbije velike kaplje maščob na manjše.
Notranja stena tankega črevesa ima posebne izrastke - črevesne resice. Te so kot majhne prstke, ki močno povečajo površino za absorpcijo. Prebavljene hranilne snovi tako hitro prehajajo v kri.
Poglej si primer sendviča s sirom: škrob iz kruha se spremeni v sladkorje, beljakovine iz sira v aminokisline, maščobe pa v maščobne kisline. Vse to se absorpcija v tankem črevesu!
💡 Zapomni si: Čeprav hrana ne gre skozi jetra in trebušno slinavko, sta ta organa ključna "pomočnika" prebave!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Zadnji del poti in koristni nasveti
V debelem črevesu se zgodi predvsem absorpcija vode iz neprebavljenih ostankov. Tu živijo tudi koristne bakterije, ki proizvajajo vitamine. Ostanki se zgostijo v blato, ki se shrani v danki in nato izloči.
Za zdravo prebavo je ključno, da ješ počasi in hrano dobro prežveciš. S tem pomagaš mehanski prebavi že v ustih. Pij tudi dovolj vode in jej hrano z vlakninami (sadje, zelenjava) - čeprav vlaknine niso prebavljive, pomagajo pri rednem odvajanju.
Zapomni si glavno pot: usta → požiralnik → želodec → tanko črevo → debelo črevo → danka. Mehanska prebava poteka v ustih in želodcu, kemična pa v ustih, želodcu in predvsem tankem črevesu.
💡 Za test: Ogljikovi hidrati se začnejo prebavljati v ustih, beljakovine v želodcu, maščobe pa šele v tankem črevesu!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Naravoslovje
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user