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Updated Mar 23, 2026

6 pages

Osnove racionalnih števil in njihove operacije

Racionalna števila so temelj matematike in jih uporabljamo vsak dan!... Show more

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# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Kaj so racionalna števila?

Predstavljaj si, da razrežeš pico na dele - to so racionalna števila! So vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišeš kot ulomek ab\frac{a}{b}, kjer sta aa in bb celi števili, bb pa ni enak 0.

V to skupino spadajo številke, s katerimi se srečuješ ves čas: -5 ker je $-5 = \frac{-5}{1}$, 0,25 ker je $0,25 = \frac{1}{4}$ in seveda običajni ulomki kot 23\frac{2}{3}.

Ulomek ima števec (število nad črto) in imenovalec (število pod črto). Imenovalec pove, na koliko delov razdeliš celoto, števec pa, koliko delov vzameš.

💡 Pomni si: Racionalna števila vključujejo tudi decimalna števila - končna kot 0,5 ali neskončna periodična kot 0,333...

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Seštevanje in odštevanje ulomkov

Tukaj je glavno pravilo: ulomke lahko seštevaš samo, če imajo enak imenovalec! Če ga nimajo, moraš najti skupni imenovalec.

Postopek je preprost: najprej poiščeš najmanjši skupni večkratnik imenovalcev, nato razširiš vse ulomke na ta skupni imenovalec. Ko imaš enake imenovalce, sešteješ samo števce.

Poglej primer: 34+16\frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{6}. Najmanjši skupni imenovalec za 4 in 6 je 12. Prvi ulomek razširiš s 3, drugega z 2: 912+212=1112\frac{9}{12} + \frac{2}{12} = \frac{11}{12}.

⚠️ Pozor: Največja napaka je, da sešteješ števce in imenovalce kar tako! 12+13\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} ni 25\frac{2}{5}!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Množenje ulomkov

To je najlažja operacija z ulomki! Preprosto pomnožiš števec s števcem in imenovalec z imenovalcem: ab×cd=a×cb×d\frac{a}{b} \times \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a \times c}{b \times d}.

Vendar preden začneš množiti, vedno poskusi krajšati! To ti prihrani delo z velikimi števili. Krajšaš lahko "navzkrižno" ali "navpično".

Primer: 49×38\frac{4}{9} \times \frac{3}{8}. Najprej krajšaj: 4 in 8 deli s 4, 3 in 9 pa s 3. Dobiš 13×12=16\frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6}.

💡 Super trik: Krajšanje pred množenjem je veliko lažje kot računanje 1272\frac{12}{72} in nato krajšanje!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Deljenje ulomkov

Deljenje je množenje z obratno vrednostjo! To je edino pravilo, ki si ga moraš zapomniti. Obratno vrednost ulomka ab\frac{a}{b} je ba\frac{b}{a} - preprosto zamenjaš števec in imenovalec.

Formula: ab÷cd=ab×dc\frac{a}{b} \div \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a}{b} \times \frac{d}{c}

Primer: 25÷310\frac{2}{5} \div \frac{3}{10} spremeniš v 25×103\frac{2}{5} \times \frac{10}{3}. Nato krajšaš (5 in 10 s 5) in dobiš 2×21×3=43=113\frac{2 \times 2}{1 \times 3} = \frac{4}{3} = 1\frac{1}{3}.

🎯 Zapomniti si: Deljenje z ulomkom = množenje z obrnjenim ulomkom!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sestavljeni izrazi in vrstni red

Pri težjih nalogah moraš paziti na vrstni red operacij: oklepaji, potence, množenje/deljenje, seštevanje/odštevanje. To velja tudi za ulomke!

Če imaš v nalogi ulomke in decimalna števila, je najbolje, da vse pretvoriš v ulomke. Tako se izogneš napakam.

Primer: $1,25 \times \frac{2}{5} + 0,5.Pretvorivulomke:. Pretvori v ulomke: \frac{5}{4} \times \frac{2}{5} + \frac{1}{2}$. Najprej množiš, potem seštevaš.

🔥 Pro nasvet: Če imaš negativne ulomke, veljajo ista pravila kot za pozitivne in negativne številke!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Nasveti za uspeh

Krajšaj, kdarkoli lahko! To je tvoj najboljši prijatelj pri računanju z ulomki. Manjša števila pomenijo manj napak in lažje računanje.

Pri dvojnih ulomkih (ulomek v števcu ali imenovalcu) ulomkovo črto spremeni v deljenje: 2345=23÷45\frac{\frac{2}{3}}{\frac{4}{5}} = \frac{2}{3} \div \frac{4}{5}.

Predznaki so pomembni! (13)×(12)=+16(-\frac{1}{3}) \times (-\frac{1}{2}) = +\frac{1}{6}. Negativno krat negativno je pozitivno.

🏆 Zlato pravilo: Če nisi prepričan o rezultatu, preveri z decimalnimi števili ali z risbo!



We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

Most popular content in Matematika

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

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App Store

4.7/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

 

Matematika

160

Updated Mar 23, 2026

6 pages

Osnove racionalnih števil in njihove operacije

Racionalna števila so temelj matematike in jih uporabljamo vsak dan! To so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek, vključno s celimi števili in decimalnimi števili. Obvladanje računskih operacij z njimi je ključno za uspeh pri matematiki in fiziki.

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Kaj so racionalna števila?

Predstavljaj si, da razrežeš pico na dele - to so racionalna števila! So vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišeš kot ulomek ab\frac{a}{b}, kjer sta aa in bb celi števili, bb pa ni enak 0.

V to skupino spadajo številke, s katerimi se srečuješ ves čas: -5 ker je $-5 = \frac{-5}{1}$, 0,25 ker je $0,25 = \frac{1}{4}$ in seveda običajni ulomki kot 23\frac{2}{3}.

Ulomek ima števec (število nad črto) in imenovalec (število pod črto). Imenovalec pove, na koliko delov razdeliš celoto, števec pa, koliko delov vzameš.

💡 Pomni si: Racionalna števila vključujejo tudi decimalna števila - končna kot 0,5 ali neskončna periodična kot 0,333...

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Seštevanje in odštevanje ulomkov

Tukaj je glavno pravilo: ulomke lahko seštevaš samo, če imajo enak imenovalec! Če ga nimajo, moraš najti skupni imenovalec.

Postopek je preprost: najprej poiščeš najmanjši skupni večkratnik imenovalcev, nato razširiš vse ulomke na ta skupni imenovalec. Ko imaš enake imenovalce, sešteješ samo števce.

Poglej primer: 34+16\frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{6}. Najmanjši skupni imenovalec za 4 in 6 je 12. Prvi ulomek razširiš s 3, drugega z 2: 912+212=1112\frac{9}{12} + \frac{2}{12} = \frac{11}{12}.

⚠️ Pozor: Največja napaka je, da sešteješ števce in imenovalce kar tako! 12+13\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} ni 25\frac{2}{5}!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Množenje ulomkov

To je najlažja operacija z ulomki! Preprosto pomnožiš števec s števcem in imenovalec z imenovalcem: ab×cd=a×cb×d\frac{a}{b} \times \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a \times c}{b \times d}.

Vendar preden začneš množiti, vedno poskusi krajšati! To ti prihrani delo z velikimi števili. Krajšaš lahko "navzkrižno" ali "navpično".

Primer: 49×38\frac{4}{9} \times \frac{3}{8}. Najprej krajšaj: 4 in 8 deli s 4, 3 in 9 pa s 3. Dobiš 13×12=16\frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6}.

💡 Super trik: Krajšanje pred množenjem je veliko lažje kot računanje 1272\frac{12}{72} in nato krajšanje!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Deljenje ulomkov

Deljenje je množenje z obratno vrednostjo! To je edino pravilo, ki si ga moraš zapomniti. Obratno vrednost ulomka ab\frac{a}{b} je ba\frac{b}{a} - preprosto zamenjaš števec in imenovalec.

Formula: ab÷cd=ab×dc\frac{a}{b} \div \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a}{b} \times \frac{d}{c}

Primer: 25÷310\frac{2}{5} \div \frac{3}{10} spremeniš v 25×103\frac{2}{5} \times \frac{10}{3}. Nato krajšaš (5 in 10 s 5) in dobiš 2×21×3=43=113\frac{2 \times 2}{1 \times 3} = \frac{4}{3} = 1\frac{1}{3}.

🎯 Zapomniti si: Deljenje z ulomkom = množenje z obrnjenim ulomkom!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Sestavljeni izrazi in vrstni red

Pri težjih nalogah moraš paziti na vrstni red operacij: oklepaji, potence, množenje/deljenje, seštevanje/odštevanje. To velja tudi za ulomke!

Če imaš v nalogi ulomke in decimalna števila, je najbolje, da vse pretvoriš v ulomke. Tako se izogneš napakam.

Primer: $1,25 \times \frac{2}{5} + 0,5.Pretvorivulomke:. Pretvori v ulomke: \frac{5}{4} \times \frac{2}{5} + \frac{1}{2}$. Najprej množiš, potem seštevaš.

🔥 Pro nasvet: Če imaš negativne ulomke, veljajo ista pravila kot za pozitivne in negativne številke!

# Racionalna števila

## Pregled racionalnih števil

Racionalna števila so vsa števila, ki jih lahko zapišemo kot ulomek. Το
vključuje cela

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Nasveti za uspeh

Krajšaj, kdarkoli lahko! To je tvoj najboljši prijatelj pri računanju z ulomki. Manjša števila pomenijo manj napak in lažje računanje.

Pri dvojnih ulomkih (ulomek v števcu ali imenovalcu) ulomkovo črto spremeni v deljenje: 2345=23÷45\frac{\frac{2}{3}}{\frac{4}{5}} = \frac{2}{3} \div \frac{4}{5}.

Predznaki so pomembni! (13)×(12)=+16(-\frac{1}{3}) \times (-\frac{1}{2}) = +\frac{1}{6}. Negativno krat negativno je pozitivno.

🏆 Zlato pravilo: Če nisi prepričan o rezultatu, preveri z decimalnimi števili ali z risbo!

We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

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Most popular content in Matematika

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.6/5

App Store

4.7/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user