Vse okoli tebe je snov - zrak, voda, tvoj telefon,... Show more
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Updated Apr 16, 2026
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Lastnosti snovi: Fizikalne in kemijske značilnosti
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Kaj je snov in njene lastnosti
Snov je preprosto povedano vse, kar ima maso in zavzema prostor. To pomeni, da so snovi tvoja majica, sok v kozarcu, celo zrak, ki ga dihaš.
Lastnosti snovi so tiste značilnosti, po katerih lahko prepoznaš in opišeš določeno snov. Predstavljaj si jih kot "osebno izkaznico" vsake snovi - po njej veš, s čim imaš opravka.
Poznamo dva glavna tipa lastnosti: fizikalne in kemijske. Fizikalne lastnosti lahko opaziš z očmi, nosom ali jih izmeriš, ne da bi snov spremenil. Kemijske lastnosti pa se pokažejo šele, ko snov reagira in nastane nekaj povsem novega.
Ključno za razumevanje: Vprašaj se vedno - ali po spremembi nastane nova snov? Če ja, gre za kemijsko lastnost. Če ne, za fizikalno.
Fizikalne lastnosti - tisto, kar vidiš in čutiš
Fizikalne lastnosti lahko opaziš in izmeriš, ne da bi snov uničil ali spremenil. Led se stali v vodo, vendar je to še vedno H₂O - samo v drugi obliki.
Najpomembnejše fizikalne lastnosti so agregatno stanje (trdno, tekoče, plinasto), barva, vonj, gostota in tališče/vrelišče. Gostota ti pove, kako "zgoščena" je snov - izračunaš jo z formulo ρ = m/V.
Fizikalne lastnosti delimo še na intenzivne (niso odvisne od količine, kot barva ali gostota) in ekstenzivne (odvisne od količine, kot masa). Intenzivne lastnosti so super za prepoznavanje snovi - gram zlata ima enako barvo kot kilogram.
Topnost je tudi fizikalna lastnost. Čeprav sol v vodi "izgine", je še vedno tam - če vodo izpariš, bo sol ostala.
Pomni: Pri fizikalnih spremembah snov ostane ista - spremeni se le njena oblika ali stanje!
Kemijske lastnosti - ko nastane nekaj novega
Kemijske lastnosti se pokažejo šele, ko snov reagira z drugimi snovmi. Pri tem nastanejo popolnoma nove snovi z drugačnimi lastnostmi - kot ko papir gori in nastane pepel.
Glavne kemijske lastnosti so gorljivost (ali snov lahko gori), reaktivnost (kako hitro reagira z drugimi snovmi) in oksidacija (reakcija s kisikom, kot je rjavenje železa). Te lastnosti so ključne za varnost - zato veš, da bencinskih hlapov ne smeš zanetiti!
Znaki kemijske reakcije so sprememba barve, sproščanje plina (mehurčki), nastanek oborine ali sproščanje energije. Ko rjavi železo, nastane rja - to je popolnoma nova snov, ne več čisto železo.
Previdno: Ne mešaj taljenja z gorenjem! Taljenje je fizikalna sprememba (agregatno stanje), gorenje pa kemijska reakcija.
Praktični primeri za boljše razumevanje
Poglejmo sladkor kot primer. Njegove fizikalne lastnosti so: bela barva, sladek okus, dobra topnost v vodi, tališče okoli 186°C. Kemijske lastnosti: pri močnem segrevanju karamelizira, je gorljiv, z močnimi kislinami reagira.
Alkohol, ki izhlapeva s kože - to je fizikalna lastnost (nizko vrelišče), ker alkohol ostane alkohol. Šumeča tableta vitamina C - sproščanje mehurčkov je kemijska reakcija, nastaja ogljikov dioksid.
Baker kot dober prevodnik elektrike je fizikalna lastnost, ker baker pri prevajanju ostane baker. Topnost soli v vodi je fizikalna lastnost - sol ne izgine, le se raztopi.
Glavno pravilo: ali nastane nova snov? Pri taljenju ledu nastane voda, vendar je to še vedno H₂O. Pri gorenju papirja nastane pepel in plini - to so nove snovi.
Za teste: Fizikalna = snov ostane ista. Kemijska = nastane nova snov. To je temeljna razlika!
Povzetek za ponavljanje
Snov ima maso in volumen - to je vse okoli tebe. Lastnosti so kot prstni odtis vsake snovi.
Fizikalne lastnosti (barva, gostota, tališče, vrelišče) lahko opaziš, ne da bi snov uničil. Kemijske lastnosti (gorljivost, reaktivnost) se pokažejo, ko nastane nova snov.
Intenzivne lastnosti (gostota, barva) niso odvisne od količine in so odlične za prepoznavanje. Ekstenzivne lastnosti (masa, volumen) so odvisne od količine.
Ključno vprašanje: Ali po spremembi nastane nova snov? DA = kemijska sprememba. NE = fizikalna sprememba. To je osnova za razumevanje kemije!
Zaključek: S tem znanjem lahko razložiš skoraj vse, kar se dogaja okoli tebe - od kuhanja do gorenja sveč!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Kemija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Lastnosti snovi: Fizikalne in kemijske značilnosti
Vse okoli tebe je snov - zrak, voda, tvoj telefon, celo ti sam! Vsaka snov ima svoje značilne lastnosti, ki ti pomagajo prepoznati, kaj je kaj. Razumevanje teh lastnosti je temelj kemije in ti pomaga razložiti, zakaj se stvari obnašajo... Show more
Kaj je snov in njene lastnosti
Snov je preprosto povedano vse, kar ima maso in zavzema prostor. To pomeni, da so snovi tvoja majica, sok v kozarcu, celo zrak, ki ga dihaš.
Lastnosti snovi so tiste značilnosti, po katerih lahko prepoznaš in opišeš določeno snov. Predstavljaj si jih kot "osebno izkaznico" vsake snovi - po njej veš, s čim imaš opravka.
Poznamo dva glavna tipa lastnosti: fizikalne in kemijske. Fizikalne lastnosti lahko opaziš z očmi, nosom ali jih izmeriš, ne da bi snov spremenil. Kemijske lastnosti pa se pokažejo šele, ko snov reagira in nastane nekaj povsem novega.
Ključno za razumevanje: Vprašaj se vedno - ali po spremembi nastane nova snov? Če ja, gre za kemijsko lastnost. Če ne, za fizikalno.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Fizikalne lastnosti - tisto, kar vidiš in čutiš
Fizikalne lastnosti lahko opaziš in izmeriš, ne da bi snov uničil ali spremenil. Led se stali v vodo, vendar je to še vedno H₂O - samo v drugi obliki.
Najpomembnejše fizikalne lastnosti so agregatno stanje (trdno, tekoče, plinasto), barva, vonj, gostota in tališče/vrelišče. Gostota ti pove, kako "zgoščena" je snov - izračunaš jo z formulo ρ = m/V.
Fizikalne lastnosti delimo še na intenzivne (niso odvisne od količine, kot barva ali gostota) in ekstenzivne (odvisne od količine, kot masa). Intenzivne lastnosti so super za prepoznavanje snovi - gram zlata ima enako barvo kot kilogram.
Topnost je tudi fizikalna lastnost. Čeprav sol v vodi "izgine", je še vedno tam - če vodo izpariš, bo sol ostala.
Pomni: Pri fizikalnih spremembah snov ostane ista - spremeni se le njena oblika ali stanje!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Kemijske lastnosti - ko nastane nekaj novega
Kemijske lastnosti se pokažejo šele, ko snov reagira z drugimi snovmi. Pri tem nastanejo popolnoma nove snovi z drugačnimi lastnostmi - kot ko papir gori in nastane pepel.
Glavne kemijske lastnosti so gorljivost (ali snov lahko gori), reaktivnost (kako hitro reagira z drugimi snovmi) in oksidacija (reakcija s kisikom, kot je rjavenje železa). Te lastnosti so ključne za varnost - zato veš, da bencinskih hlapov ne smeš zanetiti!
Znaki kemijske reakcije so sprememba barve, sproščanje plina (mehurčki), nastanek oborine ali sproščanje energije. Ko rjavi železo, nastane rja - to je popolnoma nova snov, ne več čisto železo.
Previdno: Ne mešaj taljenja z gorenjem! Taljenje je fizikalna sprememba (agregatno stanje), gorenje pa kemijska reakcija.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri za boljše razumevanje
Poglejmo sladkor kot primer. Njegove fizikalne lastnosti so: bela barva, sladek okus, dobra topnost v vodi, tališče okoli 186°C. Kemijske lastnosti: pri močnem segrevanju karamelizira, je gorljiv, z močnimi kislinami reagira.
Alkohol, ki izhlapeva s kože - to je fizikalna lastnost (nizko vrelišče), ker alkohol ostane alkohol. Šumeča tableta vitamina C - sproščanje mehurčkov je kemijska reakcija, nastaja ogljikov dioksid.
Baker kot dober prevodnik elektrike je fizikalna lastnost, ker baker pri prevajanju ostane baker. Topnost soli v vodi je fizikalna lastnost - sol ne izgine, le se raztopi.
Glavno pravilo: ali nastane nova snov? Pri taljenju ledu nastane voda, vendar je to še vedno H₂O. Pri gorenju papirja nastane pepel in plini - to so nove snovi.
Za teste: Fizikalna = snov ostane ista. Kemijska = nastane nova snov. To je temeljna razlika!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Povzetek za ponavljanje
Snov ima maso in volumen - to je vse okoli tebe. Lastnosti so kot prstni odtis vsake snovi.
Fizikalne lastnosti (barva, gostota, tališče, vrelišče) lahko opaziš, ne da bi snov uničil. Kemijske lastnosti (gorljivost, reaktivnost) se pokažejo, ko nastane nova snov.
Intenzivne lastnosti (gostota, barva) niso odvisne od količine in so odlične za prepoznavanje. Ekstenzivne lastnosti (masa, volumen) so odvisne od količine.
Ključno vprašanje: Ali po spremembi nastane nova snov? DA = kemijska sprememba. NE = fizikalna sprememba. To je osnova za razumevanje kemije!
Zaključek: S tem znanjem lahko razložiš skoraj vse, kar se dogaja okoli tebe - od kuhanja do gorenja sveč!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user