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Hugo
16/12/2025
History
The Development of the Cold War
199
•
16 Dec 2025
•
Origins and Key Events of the Cold War
Hugo
@hugocole
1 / 4
The Truman Doctrine - America Takes a Stand
Your knowledge of the Truman Doctrine starts with understanding why America got scared. The Long Telegram warned President Truman that the Soviet Union was planning to spread communism across war-torn Europe, where desperate people might find it appealing.
On 12th March 1947, Truman made a bold speech to Congress that changed everything. He announced $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey, complete with American military and civilian support. This wasn't just about money though - Truman drew a clear line between democracy (majority rule and freedom) and communism (minority forcing their will on everyone else).
Key Point: This speech marked the end of America's isolationist policy and introduced containment - the strategy of stopping communism from spreading further.
The Marshall Plan - Fighting Communism with Cash
Think of the Marshall Plan as the Truman Doctrine's bigger, richer cousin. Since America hadn't been bombed during WWII, they had plenty of money to help rebuild Europe. George Marshall, the US Secretary of State, rolled out the details just three months after Truman's speech.
Between 1948 and 1952, America threw a massive 13 billion already given). Cleverly, they offered aid to Soviet satellite states too, knowing Stalin would never accept the condition of US financial oversight.
Stalin saw right through this strategy. He called it "dollar imperialism" - America's sneaky way of building an economic empire in Europe. The Marshall Plan didn't just divide Europe into two camps; it convinced Stalin that America was actively trying to crush the USSR and undermine the United Nations' role.
Reality Check: The Marshall Plan effectively ended any hope of the wartime Grand Alliance continuing into peacetime.
Stalin Fights Back - Cominform and Communist Control
Stalin wasn't going to let America dominate without a fight. On 22nd September 1947, he created Cominform - a political organisation that brought together communist parties from nine countries including the Soviet Union, satellite states, France, and Italy.
Cominform gave Stalin direct control over satellite states, ensuring they took orders from Moscow rather than thinking for themselves. Members were encouraged to trade only with each other while avoiding contact with non-communist countries. The first meeting dramatically rejected the Marshall Plan and compared America to Nazi Germany.
Interestingly, Yugoslavia got kicked out in June 1948 due to growing tensions with the USSR. This forced the headquarters to move from Belgrade to Romania, showing that even communist allies couldn't always get along.
Did You Know: Cominform wasn't just about politics - it was Stalin's way of creating a communist trading bloc that excluded Western influence.
Comecon - The Communist Marshall Plan
Stalin needed an economic answer to America's Marshall Plan, so he created Comecon on 25th January 1949. This was the Soviet version of economic aid, designed to keep satellite states loyal and provide an alternative to Western capitalism.
Comecon included the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, East Germany, and Albania (which joined the following year). Unlike the Marshall Plan, this aid came with communist principles attached, ensuring member countries developed along Soviet-approved lines.
Bottom Line: Comecon completed Stalin's response to American influence, creating a separate communist economic system that lasted for decades.
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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Origins and Key Events of the Cold War
Hugo
@hugocole
The Cold War began taking shape right after World War II, as the US and Soviet Union went from allies to bitter rivals. This period saw both superpowers creating competing systems to spread their influence across Europe through economic aid... Show more
The Truman Doctrine - America Takes a Stand
Your knowledge of the Truman Doctrine starts with understanding why America got scared. The Long Telegram warned President Truman that the Soviet Union was planning to spread communism across war-torn Europe, where desperate people might find it appealing.
On 12th March 1947, Truman made a bold speech to Congress that changed everything. He announced $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey, complete with American military and civilian support. This wasn't just about money though - Truman drew a clear line between democracy (majority rule and freedom) and communism (minority forcing their will on everyone else).
Key Point: This speech marked the end of America's isolationist policy and introduced containment - the strategy of stopping communism from spreading further.
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The Marshall Plan - Fighting Communism with Cash
Think of the Marshall Plan as the Truman Doctrine's bigger, richer cousin. Since America hadn't been bombed during WWII, they had plenty of money to help rebuild Europe. George Marshall, the US Secretary of State, rolled out the details just three months after Truman's speech.
Between 1948 and 1952, America threw a massive 13 billion already given). Cleverly, they offered aid to Soviet satellite states too, knowing Stalin would never accept the condition of US financial oversight.
Stalin saw right through this strategy. He called it "dollar imperialism" - America's sneaky way of building an economic empire in Europe. The Marshall Plan didn't just divide Europe into two camps; it convinced Stalin that America was actively trying to crush the USSR and undermine the United Nations' role.
Reality Check: The Marshall Plan effectively ended any hope of the wartime Grand Alliance continuing into peacetime.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Stalin Fights Back - Cominform and Communist Control
Stalin wasn't going to let America dominate without a fight. On 22nd September 1947, he created Cominform - a political organisation that brought together communist parties from nine countries including the Soviet Union, satellite states, France, and Italy.
Cominform gave Stalin direct control over satellite states, ensuring they took orders from Moscow rather than thinking for themselves. Members were encouraged to trade only with each other while avoiding contact with non-communist countries. The first meeting dramatically rejected the Marshall Plan and compared America to Nazi Germany.
Interestingly, Yugoslavia got kicked out in June 1948 due to growing tensions with the USSR. This forced the headquarters to move from Belgrade to Romania, showing that even communist allies couldn't always get along.
Did You Know: Cominform wasn't just about politics - it was Stalin's way of creating a communist trading bloc that excluded Western influence.
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Improve your grades
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Comecon - The Communist Marshall Plan
Stalin needed an economic answer to America's Marshall Plan, so he created Comecon on 25th January 1949. This was the Soviet version of economic aid, designed to keep satellite states loyal and provide an alternative to Western capitalism.
Comecon included the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, East Germany, and Albania (which joined the following year). Unlike the Marshall Plan, this aid came with communist principles attached, ensuring member countries developed along Soviet-approved lines.
Bottom Line: Comecon completed Stalin's response to American influence, creating a separate communist economic system that lasted for decades.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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Most popular content: Truman Doctrine
Most popular content in History
Most popular content
English - inspector calls quotes and analysis
Quotes from every main character
English Literature10
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user