Migrants from the Wider World: Push and Pull Factors
African migration to Britain had some unique circumstances compared to other groups. Many Africans arrived after fighting for Britain in the American War of Independence - when Britain lost, they were forced to leave America. Others came as servants with British families returning from colonial posts.
Asian migrants, particularly Lascars (mainly Indian sailors and workers), came for economic opportunities. British families brought Indian servants back with them because they were cheaper than hiring British staff and showed off their wealth. The Napoleonic Wars created huge demand for sailors and troops, drawing many to Britain.
Chinese sailors found work on ships trading with China, especially after 1868 when the Blue Funnel Line created the first regular steamship route. Ship owners loved hiring Chinese workers because they worked hard for low wages and didn't drink alcohol, making them reliable crew members.
Key Point: Most migrants came seeking economic opportunities, but many were also abandoned by their employers upon arrival, leaving them stranded in Britain with no support.
