Revolutionary Impact and Liberal Movements

The impact of french revolution on society and subsequent Napoleonic Wars significantly influenced German nationalist sentiments. The overthrow of the absolutist monarchy in France in 1789 inspired hope for political change in German states.

Highlight: The unified German troops' contribution to Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo demonstrated the potential strength of German unity.

Quote: Historians argue that Napoleon was the "real father of Germany," as his actions inadvertently promoted German unity.

The liberal movement played a crucial role through:

Example: University youth associations provided forums for nationalist discussions Vocabulary: The Hambacher Fest of 1832 introduced the black, red, and yellow flag as a symbol of German liberalism

Cultural and Economic Foundations of German Nationalism

The foundation of growth in nationalism in germany was built on strong cultural and economic factors. The shared German language facilitated communication and cooperation between states, while cultural figures like Beethoven, Schiller, and Hegel contributed to a collective German consciousness.

Highlight: All 39 German states spoke the same German language, which significantly enhanced interstate communication and cooperation.

Quote: Golo Mann noted that most German people "seldom looked up from the plough," indicating that nationalism initially had limited reach among the peasant population.

The economic aspect was marked by significant demographic changes and the establishment of the Zollverein.

Definition: The Zollverein was a customs union established in 1834, involving 26 states and serving 25 million people.

Example: The success of the Prussian Customs Union led to the broader implementation of the Zollverein, facilitating free trade across state borders.