Supreme Court Cases and Civil Rights Setbacks
The Supreme Court's decisions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries often undermined the civil rights gains Black Americans had achieved during Reconstruction.
Example: The Plessy v. Ferguson case in 1896 legalized segregation through the "separate but equal" doctrine, paving the way for widespread Jim Crow laws.
Another significant case was Williams v. Mississippi, where the Court ruled that Mississippi's voting requirements, including literacy tests and poll taxes, were not discriminatory, despite their disproportionate impact on Black voters.
Quote: "Mississippi unconstitutionally excluded black americans from voting, ruled that Mississippi not discriminatory when required voters to pass literacy tests and pay poll taxes."
These rulings had a widespread effect, allowing states to systematically undermine the rights Black Americans had gained during Reconstruction.
Highlight: The Supreme Court's decisions provided legal justification for discriminatory practices, making it more difficult for Black Americans to challenge their loss of rights through the judicial system.