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A level History USA essay plans
20/10/2022
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'In the years to 1990, it was the supreme court that was the most responsible for undermining the rights of black americans had gained from reconstruction' how far do you agree. Point/ factor Supreme Court Cases White supremecy Exluding black voters. Loss of interest of black issues Evidence Plessy v ferguson, jim crow laws legalised segregation, ruling: separate but equal Williams V Mississippi - Mississippi unconstitutionally excluded black americans from voting, ruled that Mississippi not discriminatory when required voters to pass literacy tests and pay poll taxes.l southeren whites used violence and intimidation against black population, black sugarcane workers in Louisiana went on strike for fair wages in 1887, >30 shot dead, common lynching Threatened with violence when voting. White supremacy groups using violence to to stop black voters Fraud, Mississippi voting officlas maintained that mules ate ballot papers from black majority counties Poll taxes 1871 Grandfather clause, only those who ancestor fought in civil war can vote without poll tax/literacy test Economic crisis in the north made northerners tired of black issues. Republican party focusing on north allowed the democrats to take over the south, found it easy as separation viewed as norm Northerns more focused on their own issues rather than black americans Criteria Widespread Allowed rights gained by black Americans to become undermined. High court would most likely listen if the ruled difference suggests it's okay. Widespread Affected majority of black americans in the south, loosing the rights they had gained from reconstruction Widespread Stopped black voters from being able to vote for changes Setting their rights they gained back. Less defence for black americans, therefore making them easily prone to...
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Alternative transcript:
their rights being set back How accurate is it to say that the new deal brought substantial change to the employment status and working conditions of black americans in the years 1933-41 Point/ Factor AAA (agricultural adjustment administration) PWA (public works administration) New deal legislation WPA (work progress administration) Evidence/ Explanation Aim- stop over production, paid farmers to decrease production, planters used money to buy machinery that replaced black farm workers, 200,000 black sharecroppers evicted and rarely got the compensation Aim: create jobs through public works programmes Spent $65mil on construction and improvement of black schools and homes, black americans got equal pay 1940 30% of pwa built homes Social security act: insurance for unemployed and pensions for elderly, pensions $10-$85 depending on how much the recipient had contributed. Unemployment benefit was $18 maximum weekly for 16 weeks, excluded service industry and farm workers, black american excluded. Aim- create jobs through public works programme, built 8000 schools and hospitals, employed on average 350,000 black americans employed 5000 black teachers educated 250,000 black americans to read and write created nya provided part time jobs for teenagers. Criteria Widespread, affected 200,00 black farm owners- suggesting employment status not improved Improved pay of black americans, increased their employment status Widespread, affected many black americans Widespread, aided alot of black americans with jobs and education, allowing them to gain better jobs- increasing their employment status