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Updated Mar 19, 2026

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6 pages

Osnove Glasbenih Lestvic in Intervalov

Lestvice in intervali so kot abeceda glasbe - brez njih... Show more

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Kaj so lestvice in intervali

Predstavljaj si lestvice kot stopnice iz tonov - vedno greš po enakem vzorcu navzgor ali navzdol. Lestvica je zaporedje osmih tonov, ki se začne in konča z istim tonom (samo višjim).

Durova lestvica zveni veselo in svetlo, ker ima posebno zaporedje razdalj. Te razdalje so toni (T) - večji koraki, in poltoni (P) - manjši koraki med sosednjimi toni.

Interval je preprosto razdalja med katerima koli dvema tonoma. Merimo ga tako, da štejemo tone od prvega do drugega - vključno z obema!

💡 Ključni trik: Durove lestvice zvenijo veselo, molove pa žalostno. To ti pomaga pri prepoznavanju po sluhu!

Durove lestvice - magična formula

Vsaka durova lestvica ima isto čarobno formulo, ne glede na to, s katerim tonom se začne: T-T-P-T-T-T-P. To si moral zapomniti na pamet!

C-dur je najlažja - brez predznakov, samo bele tipke na klavirju. Note so: C-D-E-F-G-A-H-C.

G-dur se začne na G in ima en višaj (#) - Fis. Note so: G-A-H-C-D-E-Fis-G.

F-dur se začne na F in ima en nižaj (b) - B. Note so: F-G-A-B-C-D-E-F.

💡 Hitro pravilo: C-dur = 0 predznakov, G-dur = 1 višaj (Fis), F-dur = 1 nižaj (B).

Intervali - razdalje med toni

Intervali poimenujemo po številu tonov, ki jih obsegajo. Pozor - vedno štejemo tudi začetno in končno noto!

Sekunda = 2 tona $npr. C-D$ - zveni kot korak. Terca = 3 toni $npr. C-E$ - osnova za akorde. Kvarta = 4 toni $npr. C-F$ - močan zvok.

Kvinta = 5 tonov $npr. C-G$ - zelo stabilno zveni. Oktava = 8 tonov $npr. C-C$ - isti ton, samo višji.

Največja napaka pri določanju intervalov? Da pozabiš šteti prvo noto! Vedno začni z 1 na prvi noti.

💡 Super trik: Pri intervalih si predstavljaj, da šteješ stopnice - nikoli ne pozabiš, na kateri stopnici stojiš!

Vaje in primeri

Za zapisovanje F-dur lestvice: najprej narišeš violinski ključ, takoj za njim nižaj (b) za H, potem zapišeš note F-G-A-B-C-D-E-F.

Določanje intervalov: D do F - štejem D(1), E(2), F(3) = terca. G do D - štejem G(1), A(2), H(3), C(4), D(5) = kvinta.

Predznaki na začetku črtovja veljajo za celo skladbo. Če je tam Fis, je vsak F v skladbi v resnici Fis.

Pri testu si zapomni: lestvica = 8 tonov, durova formula = T-T-P-T-T-T-P, pri intervalih vedno štej tudi prvo in zadnjo noto.

💡 Testni nasvet: Durove lestvice = veselo, molove = žalostno. Ta zvok ti pomaga pri prepoznavanju!

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Glasbena

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Updated Mar 19, 2026

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6 pages

Osnove Glasbenih Lestvic in Intervalov

Lestvice in intervali so kot abeceda glasbe - brez njih ne moreš sestaviti melodij! Lestvice so urejena zaporedja tonov, intervali pa razdalje med njimi, ki določajo, kako pesem zveni.

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Kaj so lestvice in intervali

Predstavljaj si lestvice kot stopnice iz tonov - vedno greš po enakem vzorcu navzgor ali navzdol. Lestvica je zaporedje osmih tonov, ki se začne in konča z istim tonom (samo višjim).

Durova lestvica zveni veselo in svetlo, ker ima posebno zaporedje razdalj. Te razdalje so toni (T) - večji koraki, in poltoni (P) - manjši koraki med sosednjimi toni.

Interval je preprosto razdalja med katerima koli dvema tonoma. Merimo ga tako, da štejemo tone od prvega do drugega - vključno z obema!

💡 Ključni trik: Durove lestvice zvenijo veselo, molove pa žalostno. To ti pomaga pri prepoznavanju po sluhu!

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Durove lestvice - magična formula

Vsaka durova lestvica ima isto čarobno formulo, ne glede na to, s katerim tonom se začne: T-T-P-T-T-T-P. To si moral zapomniti na pamet!

C-dur je najlažja - brez predznakov, samo bele tipke na klavirju. Note so: C-D-E-F-G-A-H-C.

G-dur se začne na G in ima en višaj (#) - Fis. Note so: G-A-H-C-D-E-Fis-G.

F-dur se začne na F in ima en nižaj (b) - B. Note so: F-G-A-B-C-D-E-F.

💡 Hitro pravilo: C-dur = 0 predznakov, G-dur = 1 višaj (Fis), F-dur = 1 nižaj (B).

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Access to all documents

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Intervali - razdalje med toni

Intervali poimenujemo po številu tonov, ki jih obsegajo. Pozor - vedno štejemo tudi začetno in končno noto!

Sekunda = 2 tona $npr. C-D$ - zveni kot korak. Terca = 3 toni $npr. C-E$ - osnova za akorde. Kvarta = 4 toni $npr. C-F$ - močan zvok.

Kvinta = 5 tonov $npr. C-G$ - zelo stabilno zveni. Oktava = 8 tonov $npr. C-C$ - isti ton, samo višji.

Največja napaka pri določanju intervalov? Da pozabiš šteti prvo noto! Vedno začni z 1 na prvi noti.

💡 Super trik: Pri intervalih si predstavljaj, da šteješ stopnice - nikoli ne pozabiš, na kateri stopnici stojiš!

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Vaje in primeri

Za zapisovanje F-dur lestvice: najprej narišeš violinski ključ, takoj za njim nižaj (b) za H, potem zapišeš note F-G-A-B-C-D-E-F.

Določanje intervalov: D do F - štejem D(1), E(2), F(3) = terca. G do D - štejem G(1), A(2), H(3), C(4), D(5) = kvinta.

Predznaki na začetku črtovja veljajo za celo skladbo. Če je tam Fis, je vsak F v skladbi v resnici Fis.

Pri testu si zapomni: lestvica = 8 tonov, durova formula = T-T-P-T-T-T-P, pri intervalih vedno štej tudi prvo in zadnjo noto.

💡 Testni nasvet: Durove lestvice = veselo, molove = žalostno. Ta zvok ti pomaga pri prepoznavanju!

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students