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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
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English Literature
9 Dec 2025
197
3 pages
Millie @milliemads
Carol Ann Duffy's "Valentine" completely flips the script on traditional love poetry by giving an onion instead of... Show more
Carol Ann Duffy was Scotland's former Poet Laureate who's known for challenging traditional expectations in both her personal life and poetry. As an openly LGBTQ+ writer, she deliberately breaks away from conventional romantic poetry to show love's messier, more realistic side.
The poem uses free verse with irregular stanzas, which mirrors Duffy's main argument - that love shouldn't be forced into neat, traditional boxes any more than poetry should be. Her choice of simple, monosyllabic words makes her ideas crystal clear and impossible to misinterpret.
Right from the start with "I give you an onion", Duffy sets up a shocking contrast that grabs your attention. This onion becomes an extended metaphor for love throughout the entire poem, showing how relationships have complicated layers that can make you cry - both from joy and pain.
Key insight The unusual gift choice immediately signals this isn't your typical love poem - it's going to tell you some uncomfortable truths about relationships.
The line "It is a moon wrapped in brown paper" brilliantly combines the romantic (moon symbolism) with the ordinary (plain wrapping). This shows that genuine love doesn't need expensive packaging or flashy presentation to be meaningful.
"It will blind you with tears" uses harsh language that's nothing like typical Valentine's messages. The verb "blind" suggests love can be overwhelming and destructive, whilst "tears" could mean happiness or heartbreak - Duffy leaves this deliberately ambiguous.
The wedding ring comparison in "Its platinum loops shrink to a wedding ring, if you like" reveals Duffy's cynical view of marriage. The casual phrase "if you like" shows hesitation about commitment, whilst the shrinking rings suggest marriage can feel restrictive over time.
The poem ends ominously with "Its scent will cling to your fingers, cling to your knife". The repeated word "cling" sounds possessive and obsessive, whilst the knife imagery hints that love can leave you wounded and scarred.
Remember Each quote builds Duffy's argument that real love is messy, complicated, and potentially dangerous - not the fairy tale we're sold.
When you compare "Valentine" with Barrett Browning's "Sonnet 43", the differences are striking. Browning gets completely lost in romantic bliss with her "breath, smiles, tears of all my life", whilst Duffy warns about love's possessive and jealous sides. Browning uses religious imagery to make love seem sacred, but Duffy's onion keeps everything grounded and real.
The poetic forms also tell different stories. Browning's perfect sonnet structure mirrors traditional, idealised love, whilst Duffy's free verse breaks all the rules - just like her unconventional view of relationships.
Rita Dove's "Cozy Apologia" shares Duffy's use of everyday objects to explore love, mentioning "computers, hardwood floors" to show love's impact on ordinary life. However, Dove still indulges in fairy tale imagery, comparing her husband to a knight, whereas Duffy completely rejects such romantic clichés as thoughtless and fake.
Exam tip Focus on how each poet's form choices (free verse vs sonnet) reflect their different attitudes towards love - traditional vs unconventional.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureQuotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Millie
@milliemads
Carol Ann Duffy's "Valentine" completely flips the script on traditional love poetry by giving an onion instead of roses or chocolates. This bold poem uses an unconventional gift to explore the complex, sometimes painful reality of love rather than the... Show more
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Carol Ann Duffy was Scotland's former Poet Laureate who's known for challenging traditional expectations in both her personal life and poetry. As an openly LGBTQ+ writer, she deliberately breaks away from conventional romantic poetry to show love's messier, more realistic side.
The poem uses free verse with irregular stanzas, which mirrors Duffy's main argument - that love shouldn't be forced into neat, traditional boxes any more than poetry should be. Her choice of simple, monosyllabic words makes her ideas crystal clear and impossible to misinterpret.
Right from the start with "I give you an onion", Duffy sets up a shocking contrast that grabs your attention. This onion becomes an extended metaphor for love throughout the entire poem, showing how relationships have complicated layers that can make you cry - both from joy and pain.
Key insight: The unusual gift choice immediately signals this isn't your typical love poem - it's going to tell you some uncomfortable truths about relationships.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The line "It is a moon wrapped in brown paper" brilliantly combines the romantic (moon symbolism) with the ordinary (plain wrapping). This shows that genuine love doesn't need expensive packaging or flashy presentation to be meaningful.
"It will blind you with tears" uses harsh language that's nothing like typical Valentine's messages. The verb "blind" suggests love can be overwhelming and destructive, whilst "tears" could mean happiness or heartbreak - Duffy leaves this deliberately ambiguous.
The wedding ring comparison in "Its platinum loops shrink to a wedding ring, if you like" reveals Duffy's cynical view of marriage. The casual phrase "if you like" shows hesitation about commitment, whilst the shrinking rings suggest marriage can feel restrictive over time.
The poem ends ominously with "Its scent will cling to your fingers, cling to your knife". The repeated word "cling" sounds possessive and obsessive, whilst the knife imagery hints that love can leave you wounded and scarred.
Remember: Each quote builds Duffy's argument that real love is messy, complicated, and potentially dangerous - not the fairy tale we're sold.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
When you compare "Valentine" with Barrett Browning's "Sonnet 43", the differences are striking. Browning gets completely lost in romantic bliss with her "breath, smiles, tears of all my life", whilst Duffy warns about love's possessive and jealous sides. Browning uses religious imagery to make love seem sacred, but Duffy's onion keeps everything grounded and real.
The poetic forms also tell different stories. Browning's perfect sonnet structure mirrors traditional, idealised love, whilst Duffy's free verse breaks all the rules - just like her unconventional view of relationships.
Rita Dove's "Cozy Apologia" shares Duffy's use of everyday objects to explore love, mentioning "computers, hardwood floors" to show love's impact on ordinary life. However, Dove still indulges in fairy tale imagery, comparing her husband to a knight, whereas Duffy completely rejects such romantic clichés as thoughtless and fake.
Exam tip: Focus on how each poet's form choices (free verse vs sonnet) reflect their different attitudes towards love - traditional vs unconventional.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
2
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureQuotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology