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Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
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Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
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Britain: 1509 -1745
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61
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13 Dec 2025
•
Simran Singh
@simransin_2f93r
William Blake's "London" isn't just describing a walk through the... Show more






Ever feel trapped by rules and systems you never asked for? Blake's "charter'd street" captures exactly that feeling. The word "chartered" might sound official and organised, but Blake uses it to show how urbanisation has destroyed natural freedom.
What was once free common land where anyone could wander has now been mapped, owned, and controlled by the wealthy. The streets themselves represent how social hierarchy works – everything belongs to someone else, never to ordinary people like us.
But here's the clever bit: Blake starts with "I wander", showing that even in this controlled world, we can still choose how we move through it and see it differently.
Remember: Blake isn't just complaining about city planning – he's showing how physical control leads to mental control.

This is where Blake drops his biggest truth bomb. Those "mind-forg'd manacles" aren't real chains – they're mental barriers we've created ourselves. The alliteration makes this line stick in your head, which is exactly what Blake wants.
Here's his revolutionary idea: our entire class system only works because we believe in it. The king only has power because people respect him, the rich only control us because we let them. It's all a massive social construction that exists primarily in our minds.
The word "forge" is genius here – it means both to create in a blacksmith's workshop and to fake something. Blake's saying our belief in social hierarchy is completely fake, like forged documents.
Once we realise this system is artificial, we can mentally unlock those manacles and live truly free lives.
Key insight: The most powerful prisons are the ones we build in our own minds.

Blake's not holding back when he attacks the Church of England here. "Every blackening church appals" works on multiple levels that'll impress your English teacher. Literally, it's about coal smoke turning buildings black during industrialisation.
But there's a darker meaning: chimney sweepers (often children) were dying from inhaling soot, and Blake's saying the church should be "appalled" (shocked) by this exploitation. Instead, they're doing nothing about it.
The word "appall" also refers to the black cloth covering coffins. Blake's suggesting every church is essentially dead because they've abandoned Christ's teachings about helping the poor and vulnerable.
His political point is brutal: the church has become part of the establishment, owning loads of property instead of fighting for justice. They're no different from the wealthy elite who own those chartered streets.
Blake's message: When religious institutions become wealthy and powerful, they often forget their original purpose.

This section gets properly dramatic with "runs in blood down palace walls". Blake's referencing the French Revolution, where nobles were executed, and he's basically predicting the same could happen in Britain.
He's imagining soldiers dying to defend the monarchy against their own people. The metaphor suggests that when inequality becomes extreme, violent revolution becomes inevitable.
Blake isn't necessarily promoting violence – he's warning that when the palace (representing royal power) ignores the suffering of ordinary people, society reaches a breaking point.
This marks a volta (turning point) in the poem where Blake shifts from attacking political power to focusing on how men abuse their power over women.
Historical context: The French Revolution was recent and terrifying to British authorities – Blake's reference would have been genuinely shocking.

Blake saves his harshest criticism for last: how men destroy marriage through their behaviour. The "marriage hearse" metaphor is brutal – it shows marriage turning into death.
He's attacking men who visit prostitutes, spreading sexually transmitted diseases to their wives. Remember, there were no antibiotics then, so these diseases were often fatal and could cause disabilities in newborn children.
Blake isn't against marriage itself (he was happily married to a woman he taught to read). He's furious about the patriarchal society that exploits young women as prostitutes while married men pretend this doesn't harm their families.
This connects back to his main theme: the social hierarchy and class system create conditions where vulnerable people (especially women) get exploited by those with more power.
Blake's feminism: For his time, Blake was remarkably progressive about women's equality and the damage caused by male privilege.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Quotes from every main character
Quotes from every main character
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Simran Singh
@simransin_2f93r
William Blake's "London" isn't just describing a walk through the city – it's a fierce attack on how society traps people through invisible chains of power and corruption. Blake shows us how everything from streets to churches to marriage has... Show more

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Ever feel trapped by rules and systems you never asked for? Blake's "charter'd street" captures exactly that feeling. The word "chartered" might sound official and organised, but Blake uses it to show how urbanisation has destroyed natural freedom.
What was once free common land where anyone could wander has now been mapped, owned, and controlled by the wealthy. The streets themselves represent how social hierarchy works – everything belongs to someone else, never to ordinary people like us.
But here's the clever bit: Blake starts with "I wander", showing that even in this controlled world, we can still choose how we move through it and see it differently.
Remember: Blake isn't just complaining about city planning – he's showing how physical control leads to mental control.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This is where Blake drops his biggest truth bomb. Those "mind-forg'd manacles" aren't real chains – they're mental barriers we've created ourselves. The alliteration makes this line stick in your head, which is exactly what Blake wants.
Here's his revolutionary idea: our entire class system only works because we believe in it. The king only has power because people respect him, the rich only control us because we let them. It's all a massive social construction that exists primarily in our minds.
The word "forge" is genius here – it means both to create in a blacksmith's workshop and to fake something. Blake's saying our belief in social hierarchy is completely fake, like forged documents.
Once we realise this system is artificial, we can mentally unlock those manacles and live truly free lives.
Key insight: The most powerful prisons are the ones we build in our own minds.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Blake's not holding back when he attacks the Church of England here. "Every blackening church appals" works on multiple levels that'll impress your English teacher. Literally, it's about coal smoke turning buildings black during industrialisation.
But there's a darker meaning: chimney sweepers (often children) were dying from inhaling soot, and Blake's saying the church should be "appalled" (shocked) by this exploitation. Instead, they're doing nothing about it.
The word "appall" also refers to the black cloth covering coffins. Blake's suggesting every church is essentially dead because they've abandoned Christ's teachings about helping the poor and vulnerable.
His political point is brutal: the church has become part of the establishment, owning loads of property instead of fighting for justice. They're no different from the wealthy elite who own those chartered streets.
Blake's message: When religious institutions become wealthy and powerful, they often forget their original purpose.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This section gets properly dramatic with "runs in blood down palace walls". Blake's referencing the French Revolution, where nobles were executed, and he's basically predicting the same could happen in Britain.
He's imagining soldiers dying to defend the monarchy against their own people. The metaphor suggests that when inequality becomes extreme, violent revolution becomes inevitable.
Blake isn't necessarily promoting violence – he's warning that when the palace (representing royal power) ignores the suffering of ordinary people, society reaches a breaking point.
This marks a volta (turning point) in the poem where Blake shifts from attacking political power to focusing on how men abuse their power over women.
Historical context: The French Revolution was recent and terrifying to British authorities – Blake's reference would have been genuinely shocking.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Blake saves his harshest criticism for last: how men destroy marriage through their behaviour. The "marriage hearse" metaphor is brutal – it shows marriage turning into death.
He's attacking men who visit prostitutes, spreading sexually transmitted diseases to their wives. Remember, there were no antibiotics then, so these diseases were often fatal and could cause disabilities in newborn children.
Blake isn't against marriage itself (he was happily married to a woman he taught to read). He's furious about the patriarchal society that exploits young women as prostitutes while married men pretend this doesn't harm their families.
This connects back to his main theme: the social hierarchy and class system create conditions where vulnerable people (especially women) get exploited by those with more power.
Blake's feminism: For his time, Blake was remarkably progressive about women's equality and the damage caused by male privilege.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Quotes from every main character
Quotes from every main character
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user