Reagan Era and Religious Fundamentalism
The novel's political backdrop stems from Ronald Reagan's presidency (1981-89) and the rise of conservative Christianity in America. Reagan won his landslide victory partly by partnering with the Moral Majority, a religious fundamentalist group led by televangelist Jerry Falwell.
This movement campaigned against abortion rights, homosexuality, and women's liberation whilst promoting "traditional family values." They successfully blocked the Equal Rights Amendment from being ratified in 1982, showing their real political power.
Atwood also drew inspiration from her 1978 trip to Afghanistan, where she witnessed women wearing chadors before the Taliban takeover. The experience of wearing the concealing garment herself influenced the Handmaids' distinctive red robes—a symbol of both protection and oppression.
Remember: The 2022 overturning of Roe v Wade proves that Atwood's warnings about religious fundamentalism affecting politics remain incredibly relevant today.