Maths
Chemistry
Biology
English Language
History
Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
Homeostasis and response
Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
Organisation
Substance exchange
Bioenergetics
Genetic information & variation
Inheritance, variation and evolution
Genetics & ecosystems (a2 only)
Ecology
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
Show all topics
English Literature
12 Dec 2025
299
5 pages
Miles :) @miles_
Dickens' A Christmas Carolfollows the dramatic transformation of Ebenezer Scrooge from a bitter, selfish miser to a... Show more
Scrooge starts as the ultimate miser - someone obsessed with hoarding money whilst ignoring human suffering. His coldness shows through quotes like "are there no prisons?" and being described as having a "tightfisted hand at the grind stone."
The roots of his isolation trace back to childhood, where he was "a solitary child, neglected by his friends." This early loneliness shaped him into someone "hard and sharp as flint" and "solitary as an oyster" - completely cut off from society.
However, by the story's end, Scrooge undergoes a complete transformation. His desperate plea to "sponge away the writing on this stone" shows his genuine desire to change, and ultimately "Scrooge was better than his word" - proving his redemption is real and lasting.
Key Point Scrooge's transformation from miser to generous benefactor forms the heart of Dickens' message about human potential for change.
Marley appears as Scrooge's former business partner, now trapped as a restless spirit. His desperate words "I cannot rest, I cannot stay, I cannot linger anywhere" reveal the consequences of a selfish life.
Marley accepts full responsibility for his fate, explaining "I wear the chain I forged in life" and lamenting that "mankind should have been my business." His torment serves as a powerful warning about what awaits Scrooge.
Despite his suffering, Marley shows genuine care for his old partner by offering hope "you have yet a chance and hope of escaping my fate." This sets up the three spirits' visits as Scrooge's last opportunity for redemption.
Key Point Marley represents the consequences of greed and selfishness, but also demonstrates that even the damned can show compassion.
This spirit forces Scrooge to confront his emotional past, taking him back to painful childhood memories. The ghost appears genderless and ever-changing, representing all the people from Scrooge's past.
The journey reveals Scrooge's vulnerability - "your lip is trembling" - as he revisits his lonely school days and lost love. The spirit teaches him that happiness doesn't depend on wealth, showing how "the power to render us happy or unhappy" lies in human connections, not money.
The ghost carries a metal cap resembling a candle extinguisher, symbolising Scrooge's chance for light and hope. This powerful imagery suggests that whilst Scrooge can choose to extinguish his opportunity for change, the light of redemption remains available.
Key Point The Past spirit shows that understanding our history - both painful and joyful - is essential for personal growth.
This "jolly giant" with a "cheery voice" and "kind eyes" represents the joy and generosity of the present moment. Unlike the other spirits, he's warm and friendly, embodying the Christmas spirit of celebration and giving.
The ghost cleverly uses Scrooge's own cruel words against him, echoing "decrease the surplus population" and "are there no prisons?" This technique forces Scrooge to hear how heartless his attitudes sound when applied to real people like Tiny Tim.
Through the Cratchit family, the spirit demonstrates that "his wealth is no use to him" if it doesn't bring happiness or help others. The ghost's brief life - "my life upon this globe is very brief" - emphasises how he sacrifices himself to save Scrooge's soul.
Key Point The Present spirit teaches that true wealth lies in human relationships and generosity, not material possessions.
The most terrifying of the three spirits appears as a silent, hooded figure - "the phantom" - representing death itself. Unlike the others, this ghost "neither spoke nor moved," communicating only through pointing with an "unmoved finger."
Scrooge's reaction shows this spirit's power "I fear you more than any spectre I have seen" and "his legs trembled beneath him." The ghost reveals Scrooge's potential future - dying alone and unmourned, with people celebrating his death.
The vision of Scrooge's lonely death - "struck by death... all alone by himself" - proves the most effective catalyst for change. This final ghost shows that whilst the past shapes us and the present offers opportunities, our future remains in our own hands.
Key Point The Future spirit represents our power to change our destiny through the choices we make today.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureQuotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Miles :)
@miles_
Dickens' A Christmas Carolfollows the dramatic transformation of Ebenezer Scrooge from a bitter, selfish miser to a generous, caring man through supernatural intervention. Three ghosts visit Scrooge on Christmas Eve, each revealing different aspects of his life and teaching... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Scrooge starts as the ultimate miser - someone obsessed with hoarding money whilst ignoring human suffering. His coldness shows through quotes like "are there no prisons?" and being described as having a "tightfisted hand at the grind stone."
The roots of his isolation trace back to childhood, where he was "a solitary child, neglected by his friends." This early loneliness shaped him into someone "hard and sharp as flint" and "solitary as an oyster" - completely cut off from society.
However, by the story's end, Scrooge undergoes a complete transformation. His desperate plea to "sponge away the writing on this stone" shows his genuine desire to change, and ultimately "Scrooge was better than his word" - proving his redemption is real and lasting.
Key Point: Scrooge's transformation from miser to generous benefactor forms the heart of Dickens' message about human potential for change.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Marley appears as Scrooge's former business partner, now trapped as a restless spirit. His desperate words "I cannot rest, I cannot stay, I cannot linger anywhere" reveal the consequences of a selfish life.
Marley accepts full responsibility for his fate, explaining "I wear the chain I forged in life" and lamenting that "mankind should have been my business." His torment serves as a powerful warning about what awaits Scrooge.
Despite his suffering, Marley shows genuine care for his old partner by offering hope: "you have yet a chance and hope of escaping my fate." This sets up the three spirits' visits as Scrooge's last opportunity for redemption.
Key Point: Marley represents the consequences of greed and selfishness, but also demonstrates that even the damned can show compassion.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This spirit forces Scrooge to confront his emotional past, taking him back to painful childhood memories. The ghost appears genderless and ever-changing, representing all the people from Scrooge's past.
The journey reveals Scrooge's vulnerability - "your lip is trembling" - as he revisits his lonely school days and lost love. The spirit teaches him that happiness doesn't depend on wealth, showing how "the power to render us happy or unhappy" lies in human connections, not money.
The ghost carries a metal cap resembling a candle extinguisher, symbolising Scrooge's chance for light and hope. This powerful imagery suggests that whilst Scrooge can choose to extinguish his opportunity for change, the light of redemption remains available.
Key Point: The Past spirit shows that understanding our history - both painful and joyful - is essential for personal growth.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This "jolly giant" with a "cheery voice" and "kind eyes" represents the joy and generosity of the present moment. Unlike the other spirits, he's warm and friendly, embodying the Christmas spirit of celebration and giving.
The ghost cleverly uses Scrooge's own cruel words against him, echoing "decrease the surplus population" and "are there no prisons?" This technique forces Scrooge to hear how heartless his attitudes sound when applied to real people like Tiny Tim.
Through the Cratchit family, the spirit demonstrates that "his wealth is no use to him" if it doesn't bring happiness or help others. The ghost's brief life - "my life upon this globe is very brief" - emphasises how he sacrifices himself to save Scrooge's soul.
Key Point: The Present spirit teaches that true wealth lies in human relationships and generosity, not material possessions.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The most terrifying of the three spirits appears as a silent, hooded figure - "the phantom" - representing death itself. Unlike the others, this ghost "neither spoke nor moved," communicating only through pointing with an "unmoved finger."
Scrooge's reaction shows this spirit's power: "I fear you more than any spectre I have seen" and "his legs trembled beneath him." The ghost reveals Scrooge's potential future - dying alone and unmourned, with people celebrating his death.
The vision of Scrooge's lonely death - "struck by death... all alone by himself" - proves the most effective catalyst for change. This final ghost shows that whilst the past shapes us and the present offers opportunities, our future remains in our own hands.
Key Point: The Future spirit represents our power to change our destiny through the choices we make today.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
11
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureQuotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology