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Updated Apr 14, 2026
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Osnove deviznih tečajev in njihovega vpliva
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Devizni tečaji in devizni trg
Predstavljaj si devizni tečaj kot ceno, po kateri lahko evro zamenjamo za dolar ali katero koli drugo valuto. To je ključna povezava med našim gospodarstvom in preostalim svetom.
Devizni trg (Forex) je ogromen globalni trg, kjer se vsak dan menjajo valute v vrednosti več tisoč milijard dolarjev. Tu sodelujejo banke, velika podjetja, centralne banke in celo običajni ljudje, ki gredo na potovanje.
Pomembna razlika: devize so tuji denar na bančnih računih ali čekih, valute pa so fizični bankovci in kovanci. To je tipična maturantska past!
Nasvet za maturo: Nikoli ne zamenjavaj apreciacije z revalvacijo - prva se zgodi zaradi trga, druga je uradna odločitev centralne banke!
Kotiranje tečaja in določanje cen
Neposredno kotiranje ti pove, koliko evrov rabiš za en dolar . Posredno kotiranje pa obratno - koliko dolarjev dobiš za en evro .
Devizni tečaj se določa popolnoma enako kot cena čokolade v trgovini - s ponudbo in povpraševanjem. Kjer se krivulji sekata, tam je ravnotežna cena valute.
Če veliko ljudi želi kupiti evre, njegova cena naraste (apreciacija). Če jih nihče noče, cena pade (depreciacija). Tako preprosto!
Pomni: Apreciacija = valuta postane močnejša, depreciacija = valuta postane šibkejša. To se zgodi samo v fleksibilnih sistemih!
Sistemi deviznih tečajev in praktični primeri
Danes večina držav uporablja upravljano drsenje - tečaj v osnovi določa trg, a centralna banka občasno posreduje, če se dogajajo prevelika nihanja.
Poglejmo primer slovenskega izvoznika Gorenja. Ko izvozi pralne stroje za 50.000 USD in evro apreciira (postane močnejši), podjetje za iste dolarje dobi manj evrov. Pri tečaju 1,10 USD/EUR dobi 45.455 EUR, pri tečaju 1,15 USD/EUR pa samo 43.478 EUR.
To pomeni, da je močan evro slab za izvoznike - njihovi izdelki postanejo dražji za tuje kupce, zato prodajo manj.
Za maturo: Zapomni si - apreciacija domače valute škodi izvoznikom, ker za isto prodano količino dobijo manj domačega denarja!
Vpliv tečajev na uvoznike
Sedaj poglejmo trgovca, ki uvaža telefone iz Kitajske za 200.000 CNY. Če evro depreciira (postane šibkejši), mora za isto naročilo plačati več evrov.
Pri tečaju 7,80 CNY/EUR plača 25.641 EUR, pri slabšem tečaju 7,50 CNY/EUR pa že 26.667 EUR. Šibek evro je torej slab za uvoznike - morajo plačati več za isto blago.
To se potem prenese na potrošnike - uvoženi izdelki, gorivo in potovanja v tujino postanejo dražji. Nasprotno pa postane Slovenija cenejša destinacija za tuje turiste.
Zanimivo je, da lahko obrestne mere vplivajo na tečaj. Če ECB zviša obrestne mere, postanejo naložbe v evroobmočju privlačnejše, zato raste povpraševanje po evru.
Ključno razumevanje: Močan evro = dobro za uvoznike in potrošnike, slabo za izvoznike. Šibek evro = obratno!
Povzetek za maturo
Devizni tečaj = cena valute, ki jo določa ponudba in povpraševanje na deviznem trgu. To moraš vedeti za osnovno razumevanje.
Sistemi tečajev: Fleksibilni (tečaj niha prosto), fiksni (tečaj je določen) in upravljano drsenje .
Ključna razlika za maturo: Apreciacija/depreciacija = posledica trga, revalvacija/devalvacija = uradna odločitev centralne banke.
Praktični vplivi: Močnejša valuta pomaga uvoznikom in potrošnikom (cenejše potovanje, uvoženo blago), škodi pa izvoznikom. Šibkejša valuta ima obraten učinek.
Povezava z obrestnimi merami: Višje obrestne mere privabijo tuj kapital → večje povpraševanje po domači valuti → apreciacija.
Za uspešen izpit: Vadi računske primere z izvozniki in uvozniki - to so najljubše naloge na maturi!
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Osnove deviznih tečajev in njihovega vpliva
Devizni tečaji so temelj celotne mednarodne trgovine - brez njih ne bi mogli kupovati stvari iz tujine ali prodajati svojih izdelkov v svet. Razumevanje tečajev ti bo pomagalo pri maturi in tudi v vsakdanjem življenju, ko greš na potovanje ali... Show more
Devizni tečaji in devizni trg
Predstavljaj si devizni tečaj kot ceno, po kateri lahko evro zamenjamo za dolar ali katero koli drugo valuto. To je ključna povezava med našim gospodarstvom in preostalim svetom.
Devizni trg (Forex) je ogromen globalni trg, kjer se vsak dan menjajo valute v vrednosti več tisoč milijard dolarjev. Tu sodelujejo banke, velika podjetja, centralne banke in celo običajni ljudje, ki gredo na potovanje.
Pomembna razlika: devize so tuji denar na bančnih računih ali čekih, valute pa so fizični bankovci in kovanci. To je tipična maturantska past!
Nasvet za maturo: Nikoli ne zamenjavaj apreciacije z revalvacijo - prva se zgodi zaradi trga, druga je uradna odločitev centralne banke!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Kotiranje tečaja in določanje cen
Neposredno kotiranje ti pove, koliko evrov rabiš za en dolar . Posredno kotiranje pa obratno - koliko dolarjev dobiš za en evro .
Devizni tečaj se določa popolnoma enako kot cena čokolade v trgovini - s ponudbo in povpraševanjem. Kjer se krivulji sekata, tam je ravnotežna cena valute.
Če veliko ljudi želi kupiti evre, njegova cena naraste (apreciacija). Če jih nihče noče, cena pade (depreciacija). Tako preprosto!
Pomni: Apreciacija = valuta postane močnejša, depreciacija = valuta postane šibkejša. To se zgodi samo v fleksibilnih sistemih!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Sistemi deviznih tečajev in praktični primeri
Danes večina držav uporablja upravljano drsenje - tečaj v osnovi določa trg, a centralna banka občasno posreduje, če se dogajajo prevelika nihanja.
Poglejmo primer slovenskega izvoznika Gorenja. Ko izvozi pralne stroje za 50.000 USD in evro apreciira (postane močnejši), podjetje za iste dolarje dobi manj evrov. Pri tečaju 1,10 USD/EUR dobi 45.455 EUR, pri tečaju 1,15 USD/EUR pa samo 43.478 EUR.
To pomeni, da je močan evro slab za izvoznike - njihovi izdelki postanejo dražji za tuje kupce, zato prodajo manj.
Za maturo: Zapomni si - apreciacija domače valute škodi izvoznikom, ker za isto prodano količino dobijo manj domačega denarja!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Vpliv tečajev na uvoznike
Sedaj poglejmo trgovca, ki uvaža telefone iz Kitajske za 200.000 CNY. Če evro depreciira (postane šibkejši), mora za isto naročilo plačati več evrov.
Pri tečaju 7,80 CNY/EUR plača 25.641 EUR, pri slabšem tečaju 7,50 CNY/EUR pa že 26.667 EUR. Šibek evro je torej slab za uvoznike - morajo plačati več za isto blago.
To se potem prenese na potrošnike - uvoženi izdelki, gorivo in potovanja v tujino postanejo dražji. Nasprotno pa postane Slovenija cenejša destinacija za tuje turiste.
Zanimivo je, da lahko obrestne mere vplivajo na tečaj. Če ECB zviša obrestne mere, postanejo naložbe v evroobmočju privlačnejše, zato raste povpraševanje po evru.
Ključno razumevanje: Močan evro = dobro za uvoznike in potrošnike, slabo za izvoznike. Šibek evro = obratno!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Join milions of students
Povzetek za maturo
Devizni tečaj = cena valute, ki jo določa ponudba in povpraševanje na deviznem trgu. To moraš vedeti za osnovno razumevanje.
Sistemi tečajev: Fleksibilni (tečaj niha prosto), fiksni (tečaj je določen) in upravljano drsenje .
Ključna razlika za maturo: Apreciacija/depreciacija = posledica trga, revalvacija/devalvacija = uradna odločitev centralne banke.
Praktični vplivi: Močnejša valuta pomaga uvoznikom in potrošnikom (cenejše potovanje, uvoženo blago), škodi pa izvoznikom. Šibkejša valuta ima obraten učinek.
Povezava z obrestnimi merami: Višje obrestne mere privabijo tuj kapital → večje povpraševanje po domači valuti → apreciacija.
Za uspešen izpit: Vadi računske primere z izvozniki in uvozniki - to so najljubše naloge na maturi!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user