non renewable- petrol, diesel, coal     renewable- bio-fuels 

how are energy resources used in transport?

a- reliable, free energy    d- arent suitable locations, high costs to produce 

explain the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal power

mechanically, by heating, by radiation or electrically

thermal, gravitational potential, elastic potential, kinetic, nuclear, chemical, magnetic and electrostatic energy stores

a single object or group of objects (that you're interested in)

energy is transferred (can be in/out system between objects within system, or between different stores)

a system where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave, the net change in total energy always=0

when a current flows, or by a force moving an object 

movement, transferred into when speed increases, out of when decreases

what is kinetic energy and when is energy transferred to this store?

Ek=1/2mv^2                       m=mass (kg) v=speed (m/s)^2 

Ep=mgh                            m=mass(kg) g=grav field strength (N/kg) h=height (m)

what is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

Ee= 1/2ke^2                           k=spring constant (N/m) e=extension(m)

what is the formula for elastic potential energy?

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1*C

what is the formula for specific heat capacity?

what is specific heat capacity measured in?

energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated but energy can not be created nor destroyed 

what is the law of conservation of energy?

wasted energy- stored in a way thats not useful

the rate of energy transfer/ the rate of doing work

watts. 1 watt= 1 joule transferred per second

the process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles 

what two energy stores are used most during conduction?

is it mainly in solids, liquids or gases?

a measure of how quickly energy is transferred through conduction

collision theory- heated= increases kinetic energy, vibrate more and collide more 

where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions

what matter does convection take place in?

heated= particles move faster. due to space in liquids and gases this decreases the density, meaning the warmer and less dense region rises above denser, cooler regions.  

what are two ways of reducing unwanted energy transfers?

the reduce the friction between two objects

how do lubricants reduce unwanted transfers?

how does insulation reduce unwanted energy transfers?

thick walls- lowers thermal conductivity and rate of transfer, cavity walls- reduce by convection, loft insulation- reduces by conduction and prevents convection currents, double glazed windows- conduction, draught excluders- convection

what are some examples of thermal insulation?

an efficient device wastes the least energy (only device that is 100% efficient is electric heaters)

energy that will run out, such as coal, oil, natural gas, (fossil fuels) 

what does non renewable energy mean? give examples

what are pros and cons of non renewable energy?

energy sources that will never run out, solar, wind, wave, hydroelectric, bio-fuel, tidal, geothermal

what does renewable energy mean? give examples

pros- damage the environment LESS cons- dont provide much energy and unreliable

what are pros and cons of renewable energy?

non renewable- natural gas, coal, electric heaters      renewable-geothermal heat pump, solar water heaters,burning bio-fuel

how are energy resources used for heating?

(turbines) a- no pollution, no permanant damage, no fuel costs/ minimal running costs    d- spoil view, noisy, unreliable, high initial costs, cant increase when high demand

explain advantages and disadvantages of wind power

(electric currents from sunlight) a- no pollution, good for small scale/ rural areas, free energy, small running costs          d- only daytime/ unreliable, inital high cost, cant increase when more demand

explain the advantages and disadvantages of solar power?

(falling water) a-no pollution, reliable, good for small scale, no fuel costs/ minimal running costs, immediate response        d- requires flooding, damage environment (habitat loss), high initial cost, ruin view

explain the advantages and disadvantages of hydro-electric power

(turbines) a -no pollution, no fuel costs/ minimal running costs, useful on a small scale         d- damage environment (habitat loss), disturb sea bed, spoils view, hazardous to boats,unreliable

explain the advantages and disadvantages of wave power

(dam over estuaries with turbines) a- no pollution, reliable, no fuel costs/ minimal running costs          d- prevent access by boats, spoil view, alter habitat, height of the tide variable, inital costs high

explain the advantages and disadvantages of tidal barriages

renewable energy resources, created from animal dung and burnt for electricity

(supposedly) carbon neutral, fairly reliable 

high cost to refine, cannot respond to immediate demands, not enough space or water for crops that are used for food, deforestation, habitat loss, decay and burning increases CO2 in atmosphere

knowledge on environment, government aware non renewables will run out, pressure from other countries means government has put targets for renewable resources, car companies have moved towards electric cars+hybrids

what has caused an increase in renewable energy resource use?

scientists dont have the power to make companies/people change behaviour, new power plants cost money+ fossil fuels are cost effective, arguments on where to put power plants, some unreliable and cant meet demand, research takes time and money, personal changes can be quite expensive e.g hybrid cars or solar panels 

what are some limits to renewable resources?

English (UK)

Flashcard

Holly :)

United Kingdom

DEFAULT (England)

Physics

Combined Science

P1-Energy

A-Level Sociology: Education. So these notes have all the sociologists studies that are also part of methods in context, I just haven't covered research methods here :)

Explore comprehensive A-Level Sociology notes on the education system, covering key theories, policies, and sociological perspectives. This resource includes insights on marketisation, gender roles, cultural deprivation, and educational inequalities, providing a thorough understanding of how education shapes social stratification and individual achievement. Ideal for exam preparation and in-depth study.

Sociology of Education Overview

Revision note

Saffron

Sociology

Education- full topic revision 

Quotes + Analysis for characters in An Inspector Calls (Grade 8+)

Explore in-depth analysis and key quotes for characters in J.B. Priestley's 'An Inspector Calls'. This resource covers Gerald Croft, Inspector Goole, Sheila Birling, Mrs. Birling, Eric Birling, and Eva Smith, focusing on themes of class, gender roles, and social responsibility. Ideal for students aiming for Grade 8 and above.

An Inspector Calls: Character Insights

Mind map

Liv_767

English Literature

An Inspector Calls Characters

Everything you need to revise families for paper 2 :)

Dive into an extensive overview of family dynamics, perspectives, and patterns in sociology. This resource covers key concepts such as family diversity, gender roles, marriage, and the impact of social policies on family structures. Perfect for A-Level Sociology students preparing for Paper 2.

Sociology of Families: Comprehensive Revision

A-Level Sociology: Families and Households Full Topic Revision 

Mindmaps for the crime and punishment topic. Remember, the exam for this is like a normal alevel so you'll need to remember as much as you can rather than take a folder in!

Comprehensive mindmaps covering key concepts in the Crime and Punishment topic for WJEC Criminology Unit 4. This resource includes detailed insights into the Criminal Justice System, crime prevention strategies, sentencing models, and the roles of various agencies. Ideal for A-Level revision, ensuring you grasp essential theories and legislative processes to excel in your exams.

Criminology: Crime & Punishment Overview

Criminology

WJEC Criminology Unit 4 Full Topic Revision 

Revision maps for all 9 crime and deviance topics
I want to say thank you to everyone who's been so patient while i finished these notes- I got so many message asking if i had full topic notes for this unit so I'm glad to hear my work is helping people :)

Explore an extensive revision of crime and deviance topics, including theories, types of crime, and the impact of media. This resource covers key concepts such as Marxism, functionalism, gender and crime, and the influence of globalization on criminal behavior. Ideal for students seeking a thorough understanding of criminology and its various theories. Type: Full Topic Revision.

Comprehensive Crime & Deviance Overview

Crime & Deviance: full topic revision

Criminology unit 4 detailed revision note

Crystabel Owusu

WJEC Unit 4 Criminology 

soph🐈‍⬛¿

Biology

aqa higher tier combined science -  biology b1 : cell biology, paper 1

Explore essential AQA Biology topics including Photosynthesis, Respiration, Homeostasis, Genetics, and Ecology. This comprehensive knowledge organizer covers key concepts such as energy transfer, hormonal control, and genetic variation, providing a solid foundation for your studies. Ideal for exam preparation and understanding biological processes.

AQA Biology: Key Concepts

B€LA〄

Biology (all topics)

macbeth, lady macbeth and macbeth themes and context

Explore the complex themes of guilt and ambition in Shakespeare's 'Macbeth'. This analysis covers key characters, including Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, their moral dilemmas, and the tragic consequences of their ambition. Ideal for students studying character motivations, thematic elements, and the psychological impact of power. Includes insights on the natural order, manipulation, and the descent into madness.

Macbeth: Guilt and Ambition

ruru

Macbeth mind maps

Key Romeo and Juliet themes and analysed quotes 

alicia

Romeo and Juliet: Key themes 

Explore key concepts in Forces and Motion, including Hooke's Law, velocity, acceleration, and the principles of moments. This summary covers essential topics such as the relationship between force and extension, terminal velocity, and the impact of safety devices in physics. Ideal for AQA Physics Unit 5 revision.

Forces and Motion Overview

Physics (all topics)

this content has everything you need to know to get a 9 in your physics paper 2

Master key concepts for AQA Combined Physics Paper 2, including electromagnetic waves, mechanics, forces, and motion. This comprehensive summary covers essential topics like wave properties, Newton's laws, and the motor effect, ensuring you're well-prepared for your exam.

Physics Paper 2 Essentials

David Hamzat

Aqa Combined Physics paper 2

charlotte

physics paper 1 notes

aqa combined science physics paper 2 foundation notes 

uꨄ

physics paper 2 foundation notes

All the practicals for Physics GCSE, specifically AQA

Explore essential GCSE Physics practicals for AQA, covering key concepts such as Hooke's Law, wave properties, thermal insulation, and electrical circuits. This comprehensive guide includes step-by-step procedures, variables, and safety considerations for each experiment, ensuring a thorough understanding of practical applications in physics.

GCSE Physics Practical Experiments

Lorena

Physics required practicals 

In case you need any further help make sure to comment!

Explore the fundamentals of energy flow diagrams, including energy stores, pathways, and transfers. This summary covers key concepts such as heating, electrical transfer, and the eight energy stores, providing a clear understanding of how energy is measured and transformed in various systems. Ideal for students studying energy principles in physics.

Energy Flow Systems

Presentation

Stanislaw Gorzach

in case you need any further help make sure to comment!

Note

English

p1 - energy stores and transfers

AP Physics 1

P1 - Energy Stores and Transfers

The whole radioactivity topic for gcse physics

Explore the key concepts of radioactivity, including nuclear fission, decay types (alpha, beta, gamma), and detection methods like Geiger-Müller counters. This comprehensive summary covers essential topics for GCSE Physics, including isotopes, half-life, and practical applications in medicine and safety.

Understanding Radioactivity

Radioactivity - full notes

quick key active recall of physics equations you need to learn for the GCSEs. many questions use to equations in one question in the paper therefore knowing all is beneficial. here the quiz teaches you about the units and the formula for the equations.

Quiz

Alex

physics equations Paper 1

Ayesha 

GCSE Physics - Energy stores and Systems

Get ready to conquer the world of physics with this comprehensive medium-level flashcard set. Boost your understanding of key concepts and equations to excel in your exams!

P1-Energy

Flashcards

P1-Energy

Flashcards