Magnetism Fundamentals
Magnetic materials are simply stuff that gets attracted to magnets - think iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt. Every magnet has two ends: a north-seeking pole that naturally points towards Earth's magnetic north, and a south-seeking pole that points south.
There are two main types of magnets you need to know about. Permanent magnets create their own magnetic field all the time and always have both north and south poles. Induced magnets only become magnetic when they're placed near another magnetic field - like when you touch a paperclip to a magnet.
The key rule with magnets is dead simple: like poles repel, opposite poles attract. North pushes away from north, but north pulls towards south.
Quick Tip: Remember that magnetic field lines always flow from north to south - this will help you with loads of exam questions!