Essential Physics Equations by Topic

Energy equations form the backbone of loads of physics problems. You'll need to memorise kinetic energy (½mv²), gravitational potential energy (mgh), and the power equation $P = W/t$. These pop up constantly in exam questions about moving objects and energy transfers.

The electricity section is packed with must-know formulae. Ohm's law $V = IR$ connects voltage, current and resistance - it's absolutely crucial. Don't forget charge flow $Q = It$ and the power equations $P = IV and P = I²R$. These help you tackle circuit problems with confidence.

Forces and motion equations include some real workhorses. Newton's second law $F = ma$ links force, mass and acceleration. The momentum equation $p = mv$ and work done formula $W = Fs$ are equally important. Master these and you've cracked half of mechanics.

Top tip: Some equations are given in exams (like elastic potential energy), whilst others you must memorise. Check which is which to focus your revision time properly.

Waves and particle model round out your equation toolkit. Wave speed $v = fλ$ connects frequency and wavelength, whilst density $ρ = m/V$ helps with particle problems. Notice that some units like atomic structure and space don't have equations to learn - result!