A reaction which releases energy, this causes the surrounding temperature to increase

A reaction which absorbs energy, this causes the surrounding temperature to decrease

Endothermic reactions break bonds, exothermic reactions make bonds

Does an endothermic reaction break or make bonds?

The minimum energy that must be reached for a reaction to take place. This energy comes from particles colliding

If the pH is less than 7 the solution is...

if the pH is more than 7 the solution is...

If the solution has a pH of 7 the solution is...

Fizzing, Hydrogen is produced, Purple in Universal Indicator

A more reactive element displaces a less reactive element 

Mix copper and sulphuric acid until copper is in excess. Then filter the solution to separate any remaining copper parts. Evaporate the solution over a Bunsen burner and leave to dry. This leaves pure copper sulphate crystals.

How can you make  pure copper sulphate crystals?

The use of electricity to break down compounds.

In electrolysis what are the two electrodes?

True. The Cathode is negative and the Anode is positive

In electrolysis the Cathode is negative. True or False?

When molten, the electrons are free to move so the ionic compound can separate 

Why does the electrolyte have to be molten in electrolysis?

Cations go to the cathode for oxidation whereas anions go to the anode for reduction

In electrolysis does the cathode oxidise or reduct electrons?

How do you calculate the number of moles?

The amount of solute dissolved in a volume of solute

Covalent bonding, the atoms are held together in a giant lattice. It has a high melting point and is hard, it does not conduct electricity and is insoluble in water

What is the structure of diamond? What are its properties?

Covalently bonded in interlocking hexagonal rings. It is a conductor with. low density 

What is the structure of Fullerenes? What is it's properties?

Weak intermolecular bonds, the layers slid over eachother. It conducts electricity because of its delocalised electrons and conducts heat

How is graphite bonded? What is it's properties?

Two non-metals share electrons to each gain a full shell

Two metals bond to form a giant lattice, the outermost electrons are delocalised

Electrons are transferred between atoms of a metal and a non-metal, the atoms lose or gain electrons to becom ions

Elements were arranged in order of atomic mass

What were the features of Dalton's periodic table?

Elements were arranged in order if atomic mass and he left gaps for undiscovered elements and the elements were ordered with similar properties

Low melting and boiling points, they are poor conductors and form ions with a negative charge

What are properties of Group 7 (The Halogens)

Very reactive, they have a low density and are soft, they have one electron in the outer shell and form ions with a positive charge 

What are properties of Group 1 (The Alkaline Metals)

A substance made of two or more chemically bonded elements

A substance made of two or more elements which are not chemically bonded

An atom which has gained or lost electrons 

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons 

The total mass of products is equal to the total mass of reactants (in a a balanced equation)

What is the law of the conservation of mass?

A circle of positive space with negative electrons randomly scattered

The protons through the alpha scattering experiment, neutrons were discovered by Chadwick

Who discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus?

A chemical change breaks and forms bonds so new products are formed, whereas physical changes only change state rather than the substance itself 

What is the difference between a chemical and physical change?

Filtration, Crystallisation, Distillation, Chromatography 

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Chemistry Paper 1 Flashcards for AQA Higher content

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Chemistry

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Free PDF Flashcards for GCSE AQA Higher Chemistry Paper 1

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