The sum of the relative atomic masses (Ar) of all atoms in a compound.

What is the formula for relative formula mass (Mr)?

Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

A gas is produced and escapes, or a gas from the air reacts and is added to the system.

Why might mass appear to change in a reaction?

A unit representing 6.02 × 10²³ particles (Avogadro’s constant).

How do you calculate the number of moles?

% Mass = (Ar × number of atoms of the element ÷ Mr) × 100.

What is the formula for percentage composition by mass?

The reactant that is completely used up, limiting the amount of product formed.

Use the balanced equation to find mole ratios, then calculate masses using Moles = Mass ÷ Mr.

How do you calculate reacting masses using moles?

Concentration = Amount of solute (mol or g) ÷ Volume of solution (dm³).

What is concentration, and how is it calculated?

Divide by 1000 (e.g., 1000 cm³ = 1 dm³).

Atom Economy = (Mr of desired product ÷ Total Mr of all reactants) × 100.

It reduces waste, conserves resources, and minimizes environmental impact.

% Yield = (Actual yield ÷ Theoretical yield) × 100.

Losses during transfer, incomplete reactions, or side reactions.

Why might percentage yield be less than 100%?

What are the units for concentration in mol/dm³?

Moles = Concentration × Volume (in dm³).

How do you calculate moles from concentration and volume?

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles.

What volume does one mole of gas occupy at room temperature and pressure (RTP)?

How do you calculate gas volume using moles?

To determine the concentration of an unknown solution.

What indicator is commonly used in titrations involving acids and alkalis?

The point at which the reaction is complete, indicated by a color change.

How do you calculate uncertainty in measurements?

They show mole ratios needed to calculate reacting masses, volumes, or concentrations accurately.

Why are balanced equations important in quantitative chemistry?

English (UK)

Flashcard

NJBH 

United Kingdom

DEFAULT (England)

Chemistry

GCSE AQA Chemistry Paper 1 ( Quantitative Chemistry )

Quotes + Analysis for characters in An Inspector Calls (Grade 8+)

Explore in-depth analysis and key quotes for characters in J.B. Priestley's 'An Inspector Calls'. This resource covers Gerald Croft, Inspector Goole, Sheila Birling, Mrs. Birling, Eric Birling, and Eva Smith, focusing on themes of class, gender roles, and social responsibility. Ideal for students aiming for Grade 8 and above.

An Inspector Calls: Character Insights

Mind map

Liv_767

English Literature

An Inspector Calls Characters

A-Level Sociology: Education. So these notes have all the sociologists studies that are also part of methods in context, I just haven't covered research methods here :)

Explore comprehensive A-Level Sociology notes on the education system, covering key theories, policies, and sociological perspectives. This resource includes insights on marketisation, gender roles, cultural deprivation, and educational inequalities, providing a thorough understanding of how education shapes social stratification and individual achievement. Ideal for exam preparation and in-depth study.

Sociology of Education Overview

Revision note

Saffron

Sociology

Education- full topic revision 

Revision maps for all 9 crime and deviance topics
I want to say thank you to everyone who's been so patient while i finished these notes- I got so many message asking if i had full topic notes for this unit so I'm glad to hear my work is helping people :)

Explore an extensive revision of crime and deviance topics, including theories, types of crime, and the impact of media. This resource covers key concepts such as Marxism, functionalism, gender and crime, and the influence of globalization on criminal behavior. Ideal for students seeking a thorough understanding of criminology and its various theories. Type: Full Topic Revision.

Comprehensive Crime & Deviance Overview

Crime & Deviance: full topic revision

Everything you need to revise families for paper 2 :)

Dive into an extensive overview of family dynamics, perspectives, and patterns in sociology. This resource covers key concepts such as family diversity, gender roles, marriage, and the impact of social policies on family structures. Perfect for A-Level Sociology students preparing for Paper 2.

Sociology of Families: Comprehensive Revision

A-Level Sociology: Families and Households Full Topic Revision 

Criminology unit 4 detailed revision note

Crystabel Owusu

Criminology

WJEC Unit 4 Criminology 

soph🐈‍⬛¿

Biology

Combined Science

aqa higher tier combined science -  biology b1 : cell biology, paper 1

Mindmaps for the crime and punishment topic. Remember, the exam for this is like a normal alevel so you'll need to remember as much as you can rather than take a folder in!

Comprehensive mindmaps covering key concepts in the Crime and Punishment topic for WJEC Criminology Unit 4. This resource includes detailed insights into the Criminal Justice System, crime prevention strategies, sentencing models, and the roles of various agencies. Ideal for A-Level revision, ensuring you grasp essential theories and legislative processes to excel in your exams.

Criminology: Crime & Punishment Overview

WJEC Criminology Unit 4 Full Topic Revision 

macbeth, lady macbeth and macbeth themes and context

Explore the complex themes of guilt and ambition in Shakespeare's 'Macbeth'. This analysis covers key characters, including Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, their moral dilemmas, and the tragic consequences of their ambition. Ideal for students studying character motivations, thematic elements, and the psychological impact of power. Includes insights on the natural order, manipulation, and the descent into madness.

Macbeth: Guilt and Ambition

ruru

Macbeth mind maps

Explore essential AQA Biology topics including Photosynthesis, Respiration, Homeostasis, Genetics, and Ecology. This comprehensive knowledge organizer covers key concepts such as energy transfer, hormonal control, and genetic variation, providing a solid foundation for your studies. Ideal for exam preparation and understanding biological processes.

AQA Biology: Key Concepts

B€LA〄

Biology (all topics)

Key Romeo and Juliet themes and analysed quotes 

alicia

Romeo and Juliet: Key themes 

Quiz

Dhyan Patel

GCSE AQA Chemistry Topic 1

Ismail Saleem

Quick Runthrough of Chemistry Paper 1 

Everything from snaprevise for OCR chemistry a-level

A-level OCR A Chemistry summary sheets

AQA GCSE Combined Chemistry * detailed summary 

Summary

Matilda Gant

GCSE Chemistry Revision Notes

This booklet has been designed for all Y12 students studying a level 3 diploma in applied science

Comprehensive resource for Year 12 students pursuing a Level 3 Diploma in Applied Science. This booklet covers essential topics including cell structure, chemical properties, and wave theory, providing clear explanations and key concepts to aid in your studies and exam preparation.

BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Overview

Subhan 👨‍🔬

Physics

BTEC Applied Science Level 3 - Unit 1 Notes Booklet

Explore key AQA GCSE Chemistry practicals, including flame tests, titration, and gas identification. This resource covers essential techniques for analyzing ions, making salts, and understanding reaction kinetics. Perfect for students preparing for exams and practical assessments.

Essential Chemistry Practicals

Lorena

Chemistry Required Practical  

Ruth Okungbowa

AQA GCSE Chemistry 4.2 Bonding, structure and the Properties of Matter

Explore the fundamentals of redox reactions, including oxidation states, definitions of oxidation and reduction, and the roles of oxidizing and reducing agents. This summary covers key rules for determining oxidation states, the concept of disproportionation, and practical applications in chemical equations. Ideal for A-Level Chemistry students preparing for exams.

GCSE AQA Chemistry Paper 1 ( Quantitative Chemistry )

Flashcards

GCSE AQA Chemistry Paper 1 ( Quantitative Chemistry )

Flashcards