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24 Dec 2025
•
Fun Ways to Test Gases and Learn About Chemistry Basics!
E
Eliza Haigh
@elizahaigh_ngxf
Chromatography and Distillation Techniques
This page delves deeper into the separation techniques of distillation and chromatography, providing detailed diagrams and explanations of the processes involved in each method.
Distillation is presented as a method for separating a mixture of liquids. The diagram shows the essential components of a distillation apparatus, including a thermometer, condenser, and collection flask. The process relies on the different boiling points of the liquids in the mixture.
Highlight: In distillation, liquids are separated according to their boiling points.
Chromatography is explained in more detail, with before and after diagrams illustrating the steps for performing chromatography in chemistry. The process involves:
- Drawing a pencil line on chromatography paper
- Placing ink spots on the pencil line
- Placing the paper in a beaker with a small amount of solvent (water or other)
- Allowing the solvent to travel up the paper, separating the components of the ink
Definition: In chromatography, the stationary phase is the paper, while the mobile phase is the water or other solvent used.
The page also introduces the concept of Rf value in chromatography:
Definition: Rf Value = distance moved by substance / distance moved by solvent
Highlight: Rf value has no units and is used to identify and compare substances in chromatography.
This detailed explanation of chromatography and distillation provides students with a clear understanding of these important separation techniques in chemistry.
Chemistry: Introductory Unit
This page introduces fundamental concepts in chemistry, focusing on the classification of substances and various testing and separation methods. It covers the definitions of elements, compounds, mixtures, and formulations, as well as techniques for identifying specific gases and separating different types of mixtures.
Definition: A pure substance is made from just one type of element or compound.
Definition: A mixture is made from two or more different elements or compounds that are not chemically joined.
Definition: A formulation is a mixture that has been specifically designed to produce a useful product, such as paint or medicines.
The page outlines several methods for testing gases:
- Hydrogen: "Squeaky pop" test
- Oxygen: Glowing splint test
- Carbon dioxide: Bubble through limewater
- Chlorine: Damp litmus paper turns white
Various separation techniques are also introduced:
- Crystallisation: Used to separate soluble solids from a solution
- Distillation: Used to separate a mixture of liquids
- Chromatography: Used to separate a mixture of substances that can be dissolved in the same solvent, such as inks
Highlight: Chromatography is a key technique in chemistry for separating and analyzing mixtures.
The page concludes with definitions of fundamental chemical concepts:
Definition: An element is a substance made from one type of atom.
Definition: A compound is a substance containing two or more elements chemically joined together in fixed proportions.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Fun Ways to Test Gases and Learn About Chemistry Basics!
E
Eliza Haigh
@elizahaigh_ngxf
This document provides an overview of key concepts in introductory chemistry, focusing on understanding elements, compounds, and mixtures in chemistry as well as methods for separating and identifying substances. It covers various testing techniques including how to test gases using... Show more
Chromatography and Distillation Techniques
This page delves deeper into the separation techniques of distillation and chromatography, providing detailed diagrams and explanations of the processes involved in each method.
Distillation is presented as a method for separating a mixture of liquids. The diagram shows the essential components of a distillation apparatus, including a thermometer, condenser, and collection flask. The process relies on the different boiling points of the liquids in the mixture.
Highlight: In distillation, liquids are separated according to their boiling points.
Chromatography is explained in more detail, with before and after diagrams illustrating the steps for performing chromatography in chemistry. The process involves:
- Drawing a pencil line on chromatography paper
- Placing ink spots on the pencil line
- Placing the paper in a beaker with a small amount of solvent (water or other)
- Allowing the solvent to travel up the paper, separating the components of the ink
Definition: In chromatography, the stationary phase is the paper, while the mobile phase is the water or other solvent used.
The page also introduces the concept of Rf value in chromatography:
Definition: Rf Value = distance moved by substance / distance moved by solvent
Highlight: Rf value has no units and is used to identify and compare substances in chromatography.
This detailed explanation of chromatography and distillation provides students with a clear understanding of these important separation techniques in chemistry.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Chemistry: Introductory Unit
This page introduces fundamental concepts in chemistry, focusing on the classification of substances and various testing and separation methods. It covers the definitions of elements, compounds, mixtures, and formulations, as well as techniques for identifying specific gases and separating different types of mixtures.
Definition: A pure substance is made from just one type of element or compound.
Definition: A mixture is made from two or more different elements or compounds that are not chemically joined.
Definition: A formulation is a mixture that has been specifically designed to produce a useful product, such as paint or medicines.
The page outlines several methods for testing gases:
- Hydrogen: "Squeaky pop" test
- Oxygen: Glowing splint test
- Carbon dioxide: Bubble through limewater
- Chlorine: Damp litmus paper turns white
Various separation techniques are also introduced:
- Crystallisation: Used to separate soluble solids from a solution
- Distillation: Used to separate a mixture of liquids
- Chromatography: Used to separate a mixture of substances that can be dissolved in the same solvent, such as inks
Highlight: Chromatography is a key technique in chemistry for separating and analyzing mixtures.
The page concludes with definitions of fundamental chemical concepts:
Definition: An element is a substance made from one type of atom.
Definition: A compound is a substance containing two or more elements chemically joined together in fixed proportions.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content: Chromatography
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user