Chromatography and Distillation Techniques
This page delves deeper into the separation techniques of distillation and chromatography, providing detailed diagrams and explanations of the processes involved in each method.
Distillation is presented as a method for separating a mixture of liquids. The diagram shows the essential components of a distillation apparatus, including a thermometer, condenser, and collection flask. The process relies on the different boiling points of the liquids in the mixture.
Highlight: In distillation, liquids are separated according to their boiling points.
Chromatography is explained in more detail, with before and after diagrams illustrating the steps for performing chromatography in chemistry. The process involves:
- Drawing a pencil line on chromatography paper
- Placing ink spots on the pencil line
- Placing the paper in a beaker with a small amount of solvent (water or other)
- Allowing the solvent to travel up the paper, separating the components of the ink
Definition: In chromatography, the stationary phase is the paper, while the mobile phase is the water or other solvent used.
The page also introduces the concept of Rf value in chromatography:
Definition: Rf Value = distance moved by substance / distance moved by solvent
Highlight: Rf value has no units and is used to identify and compare substances in chromatography.
This detailed explanation of chromatography and distillation provides students with a clear understanding of these important separation techniques in chemistry.
