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Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
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Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
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Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
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2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
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15 Dec 2025
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evie
@e777
Ever wonder why new businesses keep popping up everywhere? It's... Show more







Dynamic markets are like a constantly shifting puzzle - what works today might be completely outdated tomorrow. This creates brilliant opportunities for entrepreneurs who can spot what people need before anyone else does.
Successful businesses don't just appear randomly. They emerge when someone notices a gap between what consumers want and what's currently available. Whether it's a completely new invention or an improvement on something that already exists, every business starts with someone spotting an opportunity.
Quick Tip: Think about the apps on your phone - most solve problems that didn't even exist 20 years ago!

New technology is like a magic wand for creating business opportunities. When tech advances, it doesn't just make things cooler - it opens doors to entirely new ways of doing business.
Changing technology transforms products by making them faster, smaller, cheaper, easier to use, and safer. Think about how smartphones replaced cameras, MP3 players, and sat-navs all in one device. Each technological leap creates chances for businesses to offer something better than what came before.
The really exciting part? Technology often creates needs that people didn't even know they had. Nobody knew they needed social media until it existed, but now it's a massive industry.
Remember: Every major tech company started by solving a problem that new technology made possible to fix.

People's wants and needs never stay the same, and that's brilliant news for aspiring entrepreneurs. Changing consumer needs create constant opportunities for new businesses to emerge and thrive.
Consumer spending patterns shift because of fashion trends, economic changes, demographic shifts, lifestyle changes, and new technology. For example, the rise of environmental awareness has created huge opportunities for sustainable businesses that barely existed 20 years ago.
Smart entrepreneurs watch these changes like hawks. When people start caring about fitness, new gym chains appear. When working from home becomes popular, businesses selling home office equipment boom. It's all about timing and observation.
Pro Tip: Pay attention to what your mates are talking about - today's conversations often become tomorrow's business opportunities.

Here's the harsh reality of business: products don't last forever. Obsolescence happens when newer, better alternatives make existing products outdated and unwanted by consumers.
Sometimes this happens naturally as technology improves. Other times, it's planned obsolescence - when companies deliberately design products to become outdated quickly so you'll buy the newer version. Think about how gaming consoles are replaced every few years.
The CD example is perfect - digital downloads didn't just compete with CDs, they completely replaced them. Physical CD sales in the US dropped by over 75% between 2005 and 2014. That's not just change, that's revolution.
Reality Check: What seems impossible to replace today (like your smartphone) might be completely obsolete in 10 years' time.

Not every new business needs to be revolutionary. Business ventures can range from completely unique ideas to simply doing existing things better than the competition.
Unique businesses fill unoccupied gaps in the market where no one else is operating. These are high-risk but potentially high-reward ventures. On the other hand, generic businesses enter markets that are big enough for another competitor - like opening another coffee shop in a busy area.
Many successful entrepreneurs don't invent something completely new. Instead, they spot existing ideas and think "I can do that better" - then prove it by improving the product, service, or customer experience.
Key Point: You don't need to be the next Steve Jobs - sometimes being better than existing competitors is enough to build a successful business.

Understanding how new business ideas are generated is crucial for your exams. Remember that ideas come from two main sources: completely new inventions or improvements to existing products and services.
When explaining technology opportunities in exams, focus on how new tech helps businesses develop better products with improved features. This makes products more desirable and gives businesses competitive advantages over rivals.
For gap in the market questions, emphasise that these opportunities are valuable because there's little or no competition. Businesses can attract customers without having to fight established competitors for market share.
Exam Tip: Always use specific examples in your answers - they show you really understand the concepts and can apply them to real situations.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Quotes from every main character
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
evie
@e777
Ever wonder why new businesses keep popping up everywhere? It's because the business world is constantly changing, creating fresh opportunities for clever entrepreneurs to spot gaps and meet new needs.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Dynamic markets are like a constantly shifting puzzle - what works today might be completely outdated tomorrow. This creates brilliant opportunities for entrepreneurs who can spot what people need before anyone else does.
Successful businesses don't just appear randomly. They emerge when someone notices a gap between what consumers want and what's currently available. Whether it's a completely new invention or an improvement on something that already exists, every business starts with someone spotting an opportunity.
Quick Tip: Think about the apps on your phone - most solve problems that didn't even exist 20 years ago!

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
New technology is like a magic wand for creating business opportunities. When tech advances, it doesn't just make things cooler - it opens doors to entirely new ways of doing business.
Changing technology transforms products by making them faster, smaller, cheaper, easier to use, and safer. Think about how smartphones replaced cameras, MP3 players, and sat-navs all in one device. Each technological leap creates chances for businesses to offer something better than what came before.
The really exciting part? Technology often creates needs that people didn't even know they had. Nobody knew they needed social media until it existed, but now it's a massive industry.
Remember: Every major tech company started by solving a problem that new technology made possible to fix.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
People's wants and needs never stay the same, and that's brilliant news for aspiring entrepreneurs. Changing consumer needs create constant opportunities for new businesses to emerge and thrive.
Consumer spending patterns shift because of fashion trends, economic changes, demographic shifts, lifestyle changes, and new technology. For example, the rise of environmental awareness has created huge opportunities for sustainable businesses that barely existed 20 years ago.
Smart entrepreneurs watch these changes like hawks. When people start caring about fitness, new gym chains appear. When working from home becomes popular, businesses selling home office equipment boom. It's all about timing and observation.
Pro Tip: Pay attention to what your mates are talking about - today's conversations often become tomorrow's business opportunities.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Here's the harsh reality of business: products don't last forever. Obsolescence happens when newer, better alternatives make existing products outdated and unwanted by consumers.
Sometimes this happens naturally as technology improves. Other times, it's planned obsolescence - when companies deliberately design products to become outdated quickly so you'll buy the newer version. Think about how gaming consoles are replaced every few years.
The CD example is perfect - digital downloads didn't just compete with CDs, they completely replaced them. Physical CD sales in the US dropped by over 75% between 2005 and 2014. That's not just change, that's revolution.
Reality Check: What seems impossible to replace today (like your smartphone) might be completely obsolete in 10 years' time.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Not every new business needs to be revolutionary. Business ventures can range from completely unique ideas to simply doing existing things better than the competition.
Unique businesses fill unoccupied gaps in the market where no one else is operating. These are high-risk but potentially high-reward ventures. On the other hand, generic businesses enter markets that are big enough for another competitor - like opening another coffee shop in a busy area.
Many successful entrepreneurs don't invent something completely new. Instead, they spot existing ideas and think "I can do that better" - then prove it by improving the product, service, or customer experience.
Key Point: You don't need to be the next Steve Jobs - sometimes being better than existing competitors is enough to build a successful business.

Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Understanding how new business ideas are generated is crucial for your exams. Remember that ideas come from two main sources: completely new inventions or improvements to existing products and services.
When explaining technology opportunities in exams, focus on how new tech helps businesses develop better products with improved features. This makes products more desirable and gives businesses competitive advantages over rivals.
For gap in the market questions, emphasise that these opportunities are valuable because there's little or no competition. Businesses can attract customers without having to fight established competitors for market share.
Exam Tip: Always use specific examples in your answers - they show you really understand the concepts and can apply them to real situations.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
5
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user