Countries around the world exist at different stages of development,...
Biology668 views·Updated 8 Jul 2026·2 pagesUnderstanding Economic Changes in the World: Nigeria's Perspective
mrfantastic @mrfantastic_zvoh
1
of 2
Measuring Development and the Development Gap
Ever wondered why some countries are wealthy whilst others struggle with poverty? Development is basically how much a country has improved in terms of wealth, health, and safety for its people.
We classify countries into three main types: HICs (High Income Countries like the UK), LICs (Low Income Countries), and NEEs (Newly Emerging Economies like Brazil). Each type has different characteristics based on various measures of development.
There are loads of ways to measure how developed a country is. GNI per head shows average income, whilst birth and death rates reveal health conditions. Other key measures include infant mortality, life expectancy, literacy rates, and access to safe water. The Human Development Index (HDI) combines several measures to give a overall picture.
Quick Tip: Using multiple measures together gives you a much better understanding than relying on just one!
The Demographic Transition Model shows how population changes as countries develop through five stages. In LICs, both birth and death rates are high, but as development occurs, death rates fall first (better healthcare), then birth rates drop later (contraception, women working).
Several factors explain why some places develop faster than others. Physical factors include poor climate and natural hazards, whilst historical factors involve colonisation and conflict. Economic factors like poor trade links and debt also play major roles in keeping countries less developed.
2
of 2
Nigeria Case Study: An NEE's Development Journey
Nigeria perfectly shows how an NEE can transform itself through various development strategies. Located in West Africa, this massive country has become a regional powerhouse despite facing challenges like extremist groups in the north.
Nigeria's changing industrial structure has been dramatic - in 1975, nearly 69% of GDP came from primary sectors like farming, but by 2014, over 53% came from tertiary services. The economy grew at an impressive 7% annually for over a decade! Their Nollywood film industry is now the world's second largest, showing how creative industries can boost development.
International relationships have shifted too. Once a British colony until 1960, Nigeria now leads African organisations and trades globally. Their biggest oil customer switched from the USA to India, showing how trading patterns evolve with development.
Remember: TNCs like Shell bring both benefits (jobs, investment) and problems (pollution, exploitation) to developing countries.
Tourism in places like Kenya demonstrates another development strategy. By cutting visa fees and improving access, Kenya doubled tourist numbers from 0.9 to 1.8 million between 1995-2011. This created 600,000 jobs and improved the country's HDI score, though some local communities faced displacement.
Various strategies can reduce the development gap: foreign investment, industrial development, tourism, aid, intermediate technology, fair trade, debt relief, and microfinance loans. Each has advantages and limitations, but combining multiple approaches tends to work best.
We thought you’d never ask...
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Similar content
Most popular content: Population Dynamics
1Most popular content in Biology
9T
BiologyThe functions of subcellular structures - B1 Biology
Flashcards on the different functions of subcellular structures: cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm, permant vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall.
102,8215
B
BiologyBiology Paper 1 quiz
this is a simple quiz on key knowledge needed for paper 1
102,7835
BiologyBiology Paper 1 Overview
Comprehensive study notes covering key concepts in cellular biology, human digestion, respiration, photosynthesis, and the circulatory system. This resource includes detailed explanations of cell structures, enzyme functions, nutrient absorption, and the impact of environmental factors on biological processes. Ideal for students preparing for Biology Paper 1 exams.
1115,268384
P
Biologyplants
flash cards
124570
E
Biologyeukaryotic & prokaryotic
quiz for eukaryotic & prokaryotic. fairly easy.
114470
C
Biologycombined science quiz
biology quiz
91,3863
P
Biologyparts of a cell
.
82351
C
Biologycells structure quiz
all about the cells structures
92450
P
Biologyphotosynthesis
this is just recap questions on this. it would help you understand what it is and information like how it transfers etc.
82060
Most popular content
9
SociologySociology of Education Overview
Explore comprehensive A-Level Sociology notes on the education system, covering key theories, policies, and sociological perspectives. This resource includes insights on marketisation, gender roles, cultural deprivation, and educational inequalities, providing a thorough understanding of how education shapes social stratification and individual achievement. Ideal for exam preparation and in-depth study.
12102,9583,041
SociologySociology of Families: Comprehensive Revision
Dive into an extensive overview of family dynamics, perspectives, and patterns in sociology. This resource covers key concepts such as family diversity, gender roles, marriage, and the impact of social policies on family structures. Perfect for A-Level Sociology students preparing for Paper 2.
1273,7532,307
CriminologyCriminology: Crime & Punishment Overview
Comprehensive mindmaps covering key concepts in the Crime and Punishment topic for WJEC Criminology Unit 4. This resource includes detailed insights into the Criminal Justice System, crime prevention strategies, sentencing models, and the roles of various agencies. Ideal for A-Level revision, ensuring you grasp essential theories and legislative processes to excel in your exams.
1254,8941,060
SociologyComprehensive Crime & Deviance Overview
Explore an extensive revision of crime and deviance topics, including theories, types of crime, and the impact of media. This resource covers key concepts such as Marxism, functionalism, gender and crime, and the influence of globalization on criminal behavior. Ideal for students seeking a thorough understanding of criminology and its various theories. Type: Full Topic Revision.
1251,6691,400
C
BiologyCell Biology and Cell structure
cell structures
93,2810
CriminologyWJEC Unit 4 Criminology
Criminology unit 4 detailed revision note
127,176125
SociologySociological Theories Overview
Comprehensive revision of key sociological theories including Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism, and Interpretivism. Explore concepts like value freedom, identity formation, and the critique of social control. Ideal for AQA A-Level Sociology students preparing for exams. This summary covers essential theories and their implications in sociology, providing a clear understanding of each perspective.
1231,480846
T
BiologyThe functions of subcellular structures - B1 Biology
Flashcards on the different functions of subcellular structures: cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm, permant vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall.
102,8215
1
Biology1.cells Gcse biology question cards
combined science higher biology
92,3644
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5App Store
4.7/5Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan SiOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha KlichAndroid user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
AnnaiOS user
Biology668 views·Updated 8 Jul 2026·2 pagesUnderstanding Economic Changes in the World: Nigeria's Perspective
mrfantastic @mrfantastic_zvoh
Countries around the world exist at different stages of development, with some being wealthy High Income Countries (HICs) whilst others are Low Income Countries (LICs) or Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs). Understanding how we measure development and why some places develop...
1
of 2
Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Measuring Development and the Development Gap
Ever wondered why some countries are wealthy whilst others struggle with poverty? Development is basically how much a country has improved in terms of wealth, health, and safety for its people.
We classify countries into three main types: HICs (High Income Countries like the UK), LICs (Low Income Countries), and NEEs (Newly Emerging Economies like Brazil). Each type has different characteristics based on various measures of development.
There are loads of ways to measure how developed a country is. GNI per head shows average income, whilst birth and death rates reveal health conditions. Other key measures include infant mortality, life expectancy, literacy rates, and access to safe water. The Human Development Index (HDI) combines several measures to give a overall picture.
Quick Tip: Using multiple measures together gives you a much better understanding than relying on just one!
The Demographic Transition Model shows how population changes as countries develop through five stages. In LICs, both birth and death rates are high, but as development occurs, death rates fall first (better healthcare), then birth rates drop later (contraception, women working).
Several factors explain why some places develop faster than others. Physical factors include poor climate and natural hazards, whilst historical factors involve colonisation and conflict. Economic factors like poor trade links and debt also play major roles in keeping countries less developed.
2
of 2Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Nigeria Case Study: An NEE's Development Journey
Nigeria perfectly shows how an NEE can transform itself through various development strategies. Located in West Africa, this massive country has become a regional powerhouse despite facing challenges like extremist groups in the north.
Nigeria's changing industrial structure has been dramatic - in 1975, nearly 69% of GDP came from primary sectors like farming, but by 2014, over 53% came from tertiary services. The economy grew at an impressive 7% annually for over a decade! Their Nollywood film industry is now the world's second largest, showing how creative industries can boost development.
International relationships have shifted too. Once a British colony until 1960, Nigeria now leads African organisations and trades globally. Their biggest oil customer switched from the USA to India, showing how trading patterns evolve with development.
Remember: TNCs like Shell bring both benefits (jobs, investment) and problems (pollution, exploitation) to developing countries.
Tourism in places like Kenya demonstrates another development strategy. By cutting visa fees and improving access, Kenya doubled tourist numbers from 0.9 to 1.8 million between 1995-2011. This created 600,000 jobs and improved the country's HDI score, though some local communities faced displacement.
Various strategies can reduce the development gap: foreign investment, industrial development, tourism, aid, intermediate technology, fair trade, debt relief, and microfinance loans. Each has advantages and limitations, but combining multiple approaches tends to work best.
We thought you’d never ask...
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Similar content
Most popular content: Population Dynamics
1Most popular content in Biology
9T
BiologyThe functions of subcellular structures - B1 Biology
Flashcards on the different functions of subcellular structures: cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm, permant vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall.
102,8215
B
BiologyBiology Paper 1 quiz
this is a simple quiz on key knowledge needed for paper 1
102,7835
BiologyBiology Paper 1 Overview
Comprehensive study notes covering key concepts in cellular biology, human digestion, respiration, photosynthesis, and the circulatory system. This resource includes detailed explanations of cell structures, enzyme functions, nutrient absorption, and the impact of environmental factors on biological processes. Ideal for students preparing for Biology Paper 1 exams.
1115,268384
P
Biologyplants
flash cards
124570
E
Biologyeukaryotic & prokaryotic
quiz for eukaryotic & prokaryotic. fairly easy.
114470
C
Biologycombined science quiz
biology quiz
91,3863
P
Biologyparts of a cell
.
82351
C
Biologycells structure quiz
all about the cells structures
92450
P
Biologyphotosynthesis
this is just recap questions on this. it would help you understand what it is and information like how it transfers etc.
82060
Most popular content
9SociologySociology of Education Overview
Explore comprehensive A-Level Sociology notes on the education system, covering key theories, policies, and sociological perspectives. This resource includes insights on marketisation, gender roles, cultural deprivation, and educational inequalities, providing a thorough understanding of how education shapes social stratification and individual achievement. Ideal for exam preparation and in-depth study.
12102,9583,041
SociologySociology of Families: Comprehensive Revision
Dive into an extensive overview of family dynamics, perspectives, and patterns in sociology. This resource covers key concepts such as family diversity, gender roles, marriage, and the impact of social policies on family structures. Perfect for A-Level Sociology students preparing for Paper 2.
1273,7532,307
CriminologyCriminology: Crime & Punishment Overview
Comprehensive mindmaps covering key concepts in the Crime and Punishment topic for WJEC Criminology Unit 4. This resource includes detailed insights into the Criminal Justice System, crime prevention strategies, sentencing models, and the roles of various agencies. Ideal for A-Level revision, ensuring you grasp essential theories and legislative processes to excel in your exams.
1254,8941,060
SociologyComprehensive Crime & Deviance Overview
Explore an extensive revision of crime and deviance topics, including theories, types of crime, and the impact of media. This resource covers key concepts such as Marxism, functionalism, gender and crime, and the influence of globalization on criminal behavior. Ideal for students seeking a thorough understanding of criminology and its various theories. Type: Full Topic Revision.
1251,6691,400
C
BiologyCell Biology and Cell structure
cell structures
93,2810
CriminologyWJEC Unit 4 Criminology
Criminology unit 4 detailed revision note
127,176125
SociologySociological Theories Overview
Comprehensive revision of key sociological theories including Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism, and Interpretivism. Explore concepts like value freedom, identity formation, and the critique of social control. Ideal for AQA A-Level Sociology students preparing for exams. This summary covers essential theories and their implications in sociology, providing a clear understanding of each perspective.
1231,480846
T
BiologyThe functions of subcellular structures - B1 Biology
Flashcards on the different functions of subcellular structures: cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm, permant vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall.
102,8215
1
Biology1.cells Gcse biology question cards
combined science higher biology
92,3644
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5App Store
4.7/5Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan SiOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha KlichAndroid user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
AnnaiOS user