Phase 2: Metaphase

The metaphase stage represents a crucial alignment phase where chromosomes organize at the cell's equator.

Vocabulary: Centromeres are specialized chromosome regions where spindle fibers attach.

Highlight: Sister chromatids attach to spindle fibers from opposite poles, ensuring proper chromosome separation.

Phase 3: Anaphase

Anaphase mitosis involves the active separation of chromosomes.

Definition: Anaphase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids and their movement toward opposite poles.

Example: ATP from nearby mitochondria provides the energy needed for spindle fiber contraction.

Phase 4: Telophase

The telophase of mitosis marks the final stage of nuclear division.

Highlight: New nuclear envelopes form around separated chromosomes while spindle fibers disintegrate.

Vocabulary: Cytokinesis refers to the division of cell cytoplasm that follows nuclear division.